{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3132905414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","title":"Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on Dynamic Learning with Limited Training Data","display_name":"Radar HRRP Target Recognition Based on Dynamic Learning with Limited Training Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3132905414","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","mag":"3132905414"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/750/pdf?version=1614149459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/750/pdf?version=1614149459","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001636028","display_name":"Jingjing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-6631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingjing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100423694","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-4202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026237422","display_name":"Rong Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6092-328X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007677145","display_name":"Lei Ran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0687-7738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Lab. of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100423694"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.8195,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87493968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"750","last_page":"750"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7113907337188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6498026251792908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6189021468162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.6036893129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-set","display_name":"Training set","score":0.529110848903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5132224559783936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47205454111099243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7113907337188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6498026251792908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6189021468162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.6036893129348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.529110848903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5132224559783936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47205454111099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/750/pdf?version=1614149459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:278474a47b35470fb947105059c59021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/278474a47b35470fb947105059c59021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 750 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/4/750/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 750","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040750","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/750/pdf?version=1614149459","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4502201282","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB190206","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6437026023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019M663632","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7965330101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132905414.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3132905414.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1119805641","https://openalex.org/W1572368544","https://openalex.org/W1630959083","https://openalex.org/W1677877222","https://openalex.org/W1993833594","https://openalex.org/W2067532361","https://openalex.org/W2075343212","https://openalex.org/W2076188996","https://openalex.org/W2093886540","https://openalex.org/W2097308346","https://openalex.org/W2108727084","https://openalex.org/W2117311204","https://openalex.org/W2132329643","https://openalex.org/W2133047848","https://openalex.org/W2135106139","https://openalex.org/W2139212933","https://openalex.org/W2151561819","https://openalex.org/W2157589572","https://openalex.org/W2157747529","https://openalex.org/W2158313596","https://openalex.org/W2227948929","https://openalex.org/W2299634766","https://openalex.org/W2382297867","https://openalex.org/W2507782627","https://openalex.org/W2513345682","https://openalex.org/W2574491395","https://openalex.org/W2584637367","https://openalex.org/W2621049441","https://openalex.org/W2741139694","https://openalex.org/W2883270032","https://openalex.org/W2887504151","https://openalex.org/W2942098695","https://openalex.org/W2994086709","https://openalex.org/W6634366394","https://openalex.org/W6636599907","https://openalex.org/W6680272842","https://openalex.org/W6731976581"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044488462","https://openalex.org/W2981877337","https://openalex.org/W3101081936","https://openalex.org/W3203938600","https://openalex.org/W2169074127","https://openalex.org/W2163707935","https://openalex.org/W83146503","https://openalex.org/W202723009","https://openalex.org/W4206462905","https://openalex.org/W2165396616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"high-resolution":[1],"range":[2],"profile":[3],"(HRRP)-based":[4],"radar":[5],"automatic":[6],"target":[7,18,36],"recognition":[8,24,106],"(RATR),":[9],"adequate":[10],"training":[11,29,48,72,75,126,175,191,221],"data":[12,30,76,99,127,178,199,207,222],"are":[13,77,100,122,223],"required":[14],"to":[15,128,141],"characterize":[16],"a":[17,50,84,151],"signature":[19],"effectively":[20],"and":[21,112,176,204],"get":[22],"good":[23],"performance.":[25],"However,":[26],"collecting":[27],"enough":[28],"involving":[31],"HRRP":[32,198,206],"samples":[33,118],"from":[34,174,200,208],"each":[35],"orientation":[37],"is":[38,55],"hard.":[39],"To":[40],"tackle":[41],"the":[42,59,70,74,81,92,96,105,109,116,130,135,143,186,196,213,216,220],"HRRP-based":[43],"RATR":[44,187],"task":[45],"with":[46,65,119,134,189],"limited":[47,190],"data,":[49,150],"novel":[51,152],"dynamic":[52],"learning":[53,88,154],"strategy":[54],"proposed":[56,169,217],"based":[57],"on":[58,195],"single-hidden":[60],"layer":[61],"feedforward":[62],"network":[63],"(SLFN)":[64],"an":[66,165],"assistant":[67,113,166],"classifier.":[68,114,167],"In":[69,91],"offline":[71],"phase,":[73,95],"used":[78,123],"for":[79,148],"pretraining":[80],"SLFN":[82,111,133],"using":[83],"reduced":[85],"kernel":[86],"extreme":[87],"machine":[89],"(RKELM).":[90],"online":[93,136,180],"classification":[94],"collected":[97],"test":[98,117,149,177],"first":[101],"labeled":[102],"by":[103],"fusing":[104],"results":[107],"of":[108,132,145,185,215],"current":[110],"Then":[115],"reliable":[120],"pseudolabels":[121],"as":[124,164],"additional":[125],"update":[129],"parameters":[131],"sequential":[137],"RKELM":[138],"(OS-RKELM).":[139],"Moreover,":[140],"improve":[142],"accuracy":[144],"label":[146,159],"estimation":[147],"semi-supervised":[153],"method":[155,170,218],"named":[156],"constraint":[157],"propagation-based":[158],"propagation":[160],"(CPLP)":[161],"was":[162],"developed":[163],"The":[168],"dynamically":[171],"accumulates":[172],"knowledge":[173],"through":[179],"learning,":[181],"thereby":[182],"reinforcing":[183],"performance":[184],"system":[188],"data.":[192],"Experiments":[193],"conducted":[194],"simulated":[197],"10":[201],"civilian":[202],"vehicles":[203,211],"real":[205],"three":[209],"military":[210],"demonstrated":[212],"effectiveness":[214],"when":[219],"limited.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2021-03-01T00:00:00"}
