{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3127622508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","title":"Automatic High-Accuracy Sea Ice Mapping in the Arctic Using MODIS Data","display_name":"Automatic High-Accuracy Sea Ice Mapping in the Arctic Using MODIS Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3127622508","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","mag":"3127622508"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/550/pdf?version=1612431901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/550/pdf?version=1612431901","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054209642","display_name":"Liyuan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6306-8075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyuan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002618865","display_name":"Yong Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1116-0662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100674252","display_name":"Fu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-6702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361569","display_name":"Jianbo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-0466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037494738","display_name":"Wutao Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8693-8355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wutao Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078627630","display_name":"Erping Shang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1918-9996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erping Shang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137199","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100674252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8332,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69980103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"550","last_page":"550"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6943652033805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice","display_name":"Sea ice","score":0.6567811965942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice-concentration","display_name":"Sea ice concentration","score":0.5551481246948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5190765857696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.49597224593162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.41279691457748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-ice-thickness","display_name":"Sea ice thickness","score":0.4117390215396881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4075891971588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3607388436794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.32843923568725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic-ice-pack","display_name":"Arctic ice pack","score":0.3245280385017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30865365266799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.26244327425956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15988317131996155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6943652033805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.6567811965942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194520297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440064","display_name":"Sea ice concentration","level":5,"score":0.5551481246948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5190765857696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49597224593162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.41279691457748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149767477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7440066","display_name":"Sea ice thickness","level":4,"score":0.4117390215396881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4075891971588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3607388436794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.32843923568725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161798024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3651008","display_name":"Arctic ice pack","level":3,"score":0.3245280385017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30865365266799927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.26244327425956726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15988317131996155}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/550/pdf?version=1612431901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2b6b59178d914aa5a52cb5253a3abcaa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2b6b59178d914aa5a52cb5253a3abcaa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 550 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/4/550/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 4; Pages: 550","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13040550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/4/550/pdf?version=1612431901","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.699999988079071,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127622508.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3127622508.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97771837","https://openalex.org/W99853961","https://openalex.org/W1964221090","https://openalex.org/W1970003482","https://openalex.org/W1970590897","https://openalex.org/W1974466511","https://openalex.org/W1992859815","https://openalex.org/W1996061706","https://openalex.org/W2000175358","https://openalex.org/W2028771877","https://openalex.org/W2092335082","https://openalex.org/W2096413136","https://openalex.org/W2104588681","https://openalex.org/W2116888634","https://openalex.org/W2119473071","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2132557172","https://openalex.org/W2137448730","https://openalex.org/W2145594622","https://openalex.org/W2146220215","https://openalex.org/W2151464938","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2164453447","https://openalex.org/W2167753478","https://openalex.org/W2169320207","https://openalex.org/W2169736640","https://openalex.org/W2293457052","https://openalex.org/W2326997274","https://openalex.org/W2578525233","https://openalex.org/W2600006874","https://openalex.org/W2748715875","https://openalex.org/W2789929502","https://openalex.org/W2802828972","https://openalex.org/W2901619292","https://openalex.org/W2912400061","https://openalex.org/W2971185154","https://openalex.org/W2982318803","https://openalex.org/W2994305578","https://openalex.org/W3014569678","https://openalex.org/W3023499007","https://openalex.org/W3033193012","https://openalex.org/W3040593397","https://openalex.org/W3047096992","https://openalex.org/W3048430221","https://openalex.org/W3089849822","https://openalex.org/W3107856409","https://openalex.org/W4230720443","https://openalex.org/W4231780924","https://openalex.org/W4249666408","https://openalex.org/W4384165810","https://openalex.org/W6748677275","https://openalex.org/W6855103973","https://openalex.org/W6908570999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W206690607","https://openalex.org/W4221057659","https://openalex.org/W1981028522","https://openalex.org/W2486603219","https://openalex.org/W2057155177","https://openalex.org/W2584433234","https://openalex.org/W4240873802","https://openalex.org/W2138002925","https://openalex.org/W3147447286","https://openalex.org/W2922651963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,88,132,171],"sea":[1,11,51,100,194],"ice":[2,12,35,52,82,101,146,195],"cover":[3],"is":[4,47,86,95,135,163,174],"changing":[5],"rapidly":[6],"in":[7,24,199,219,225],"polar":[8],"regions,":[9],"and":[10,17,29,58,67,83,125,127,138,202,222],"products":[13,197],"with":[14,54,105,186],"high":[15,56],"temporal":[16,57],"spatial":[18,59,209],"resolution":[19],"are":[20],"of":[21,81,178],"great":[22],"importance":[23],"studying":[25],"global":[26],"climate":[27],"change":[28],"navigation.":[30],"In":[31,183],"this":[32,93],"paper,":[33],"an":[34],"map":[36],"generation":[37],"model":[38,76],"based":[39,159],"on":[40,160],"Moderate-Resolution":[41],"Imaging":[42],"Spectroradiometer":[43],"(MODIS)":[44],"reflectance":[45],"bands":[46],"constructed":[48],"to":[49,165],"obtain":[50,117],"data":[53],"a":[55,63,69,96,118,136,175,184],"resolution.":[60],"By":[61],"constructing":[62],"training":[64],"sample":[65],"library":[66],"using":[68],"multi-feature":[70],"fusion":[71,177],"machine":[72],"learning":[73],"algorithm":[74,94,115],"for":[75,122,149],"classification,":[77],"the":[78,106,110,114,128,167,187,226],"high-accuracy":[79],"recognition":[80,120],"cloud":[84,161],"regions":[85],"achieved.":[87],"first":[89],"product":[90,134,168,173],"provided":[91],"by":[92],"near":[97],"real-time":[98],"single-scene":[99],"presence":[102,147],"map.":[103],"Compared":[104],"photo-interpreted":[107],"ground":[108],"truth,":[109],"verification":[111],"shows":[112],"that":[113,214],"can":[116,216],"higher":[119],"accuracy":[121,129],"ice,":[123],"clouds,":[124],"water,":[126],"exceeds":[130],"98%.":[131],"second":[133],"daily":[137],"weekly":[139,176],"clear":[140,179],"sky":[141,180],"map,":[142],"which":[143],"provides":[144],"synthetic":[145],"maps":[148],"one":[150],"day":[151],"or":[152],"seven":[153],"consecutive":[154],"days.":[155],"A":[156],"filtering":[157],"method":[158],"motion":[162],"used":[164,218],"make":[166],"more":[169],"accurate.":[170],"third":[172],"optical":[181],"images.":[182],"comparison":[185],"Advanced":[188],"Microwave":[189],"Scanning":[190],"Radiometer":[191],"2":[192],"(AMSR2)":[193],"concentration":[196],"performed":[198],"August":[200],"2019":[201],"September":[203],"2020,":[204],"these":[205],"composite":[206],"images":[207],"showed":[208],"consistency":[210],"over":[211],"time,":[212],"suggesting":[213],"they":[215],"be":[217],"many":[220],"scientific":[221],"practical":[223],"applications":[224],"future.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}