{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3125937331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","title":"Derivation of Red Tide Index and Density Using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) Data","display_name":"Derivation of Red Tide Index and Density Using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3125937331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","mag":"3125937331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/298/pdf?version=1610780392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/298/pdf?version=1610780392","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073564125","display_name":"Min-Sun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-001X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158743462","display_name":"Seoul National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01xts9v65","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158743462"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149261","display_name":"Pacific University","ror":"https://ror.org/059z5w858","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min-Sun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea","Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158743462"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075274009","display_name":"Kyung\u2010Ae Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8899-7201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158743462","display_name":"Seoul National University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01xts9v65","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158743462"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kyung-Ae Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea","Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158743462"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031110017","display_name":"Fiorenza Micheli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-1438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149261","display_name":"Pacific University","ror":"https://ror.org/059z5w858","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fiorenza Micheli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA","Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149261","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075274009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I158743462"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.0397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90195372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"298","last_page":"298"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10341","display_name":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10230","display_name":"Marine and fisheries research","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-tide","display_name":"Red tide","score":0.8493998050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6907070279121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-color","display_name":"Ocean color","score":0.6162703037261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5106924176216125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.49478834867477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostationary-orbit","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","score":0.42344430088996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peninsula","display_name":"Peninsula","score":0.4199956953525543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3910180330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3828933835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2779184877872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17086994647979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10655468702316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5465852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211248","display_name":"Red tide","level":2,"score":0.8493998050689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6907070279121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7076134","display_name":"Ocean color","level":3,"score":0.6162703037261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5106924176216125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.49478834867477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16405173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192316","display_name":"Geostationary orbit","level":3,"score":0.42344430088996887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123588078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34763","display_name":"Peninsula","level":2,"score":0.4199956953525543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3910180330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3828933835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2779184877872467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17086994647979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10655468702316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/298/pdf?version=1610780392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa66b6d508364d2bb17d00afcb11c58a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa66b6d508364d2bb17d00afcb11c58a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 298 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/298/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 298","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020298","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020298","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/298/pdf?version=1610780392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1958673627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20160040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322011","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6988986970","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1736830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322011","display_name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5s4a53"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3125937331.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3125937331.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W575080533","https://openalex.org/W1564495611","https://openalex.org/W1969473804","https://openalex.org/W1977142525","https://openalex.org/W1979319518","https://openalex.org/W1979660498","https://openalex.org/W1984506656","https://openalex.org/W1989969177","https://openalex.org/W1993664220","https://openalex.org/W1998797733","https://openalex.org/W2002608423","https://openalex.org/W2007101051","https://openalex.org/W2012057070","https://openalex.org/W2012547151","https://openalex.org/W2034946841","https://openalex.org/W2056036539","https://openalex.org/W2056913856","https://openalex.org/W2069462603","https://openalex.org/W2071639564","https://openalex.org/W2072430118","https://openalex.org/W2073748771","https://openalex.org/W2082714424","https://openalex.org/W2082865930","https://openalex.org/W2090157291","https://openalex.org/W2095489410","https://openalex.org/W2096555055","https://openalex.org/W2096628576","https://openalex.org/W2110533085","https://openalex.org/W2114028980","https://openalex.org/W2154237171","https://openalex.org/W2164689991","https://openalex.org/W2165260970","https://openalex.org/W2195352021","https://openalex.org/W2417398132","https://openalex.org/W2481721855","https://openalex.org/W2546036239","https://openalex.org/W2565847907","https://openalex.org/W2571345847","https://openalex.org/W2607720425","https://openalex.org/W2782176692","https://openalex.org/W2892867310","https://openalex.org/W2902314388","https://openalex.org/W2922823859","https://openalex.org/W2979721596","https://openalex.org/W2997920084","https://openalex.org/W3006472889","https://openalex.org/W3082252628","https://openalex.org/W3155744673","https://openalex.org/W4238581974","https://openalex.org/W6794777533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998797733","https://openalex.org/W2023364053","https://openalex.org/W4389284368","https://openalex.org/W3128070617","https://openalex.org/W2355750064","https://openalex.org/W2347259259","https://openalex.org/W2065546248","https://openalex.org/W2756983521","https://openalex.org/W2090630485","https://openalex.org/W1979660498"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Red":[0],"tide":[1,18,58,104,144,183,194],"causes":[2],"significant":[3,77],"damage":[4],"to":[5,47,91,116,155,190,213,216,231],"marine":[6],"resources":[7],"such":[8],"as":[9],"aquaculture":[10],"and":[11,24,36,40,69,74,129,180,201,205,222,233,241],"fisheries":[12],"in":[13,122,134,150,208,242],"coastal":[14,52,136],"regions.":[15],"Such":[16],"red":[17,38,57,103,118,127,143,182,193,235],"events":[19],"occur":[20],"globally,":[21],"across":[22],"latitudes":[23],"ocean":[25,218],"ecoregions.":[26],"Satellite":[27],"observations":[28],"can":[29],"be":[30,92,214],"an":[31,187],"effective":[32],"tool":[33],"for":[34,44,86,161],"tracking":[35],"investigating":[37],"tides":[39,119,128,236],"have":[41,61,75],"great":[42],"potential":[43],"informing":[45],"strategies":[46],"minimize":[48],"their":[49],"impacts":[50],"on":[51,173],"fisheries.":[53],"However,":[54],"previous":[55],"satellite-based":[56],"detection":[59],"algorithms":[60,90],"been":[62],"mostly":[63],"conducted":[64],"over":[65],"short":[66],"time":[67],"scales":[68,240],"within":[70],"relatively":[71],"small":[72],"areas,":[73],"shown":[76],"differences":[78],"from":[79],"actual":[80],"field":[81],"data,":[82],"highlighting":[83],"a":[84],"need":[85],"new,":[87],"more":[88],"accurate":[89],"developed.":[93],"In":[94],"this":[95,209],"study,":[96],"we":[97,185],"present":[98],"the":[99,135,159,166,174,178,181,192,226],"newly":[100],"developed":[101],"normalized":[102],"index":[105],"(NRTI).":[106],"The":[107,146,199],"NRTI":[108,179,204],"uses":[109],"Geostationary":[110],"Ocean":[111],"Color":[112],"Imager":[113],"(GOCI)":[114],"data":[115,221],"detect":[117],"by":[120,164],"observing":[121],"situ":[123],"spectral":[124,151,170],"characteristics":[125],"of":[126,138,148,168,203],"sea":[130],"water":[131],"using":[132,196],"spectroradiometer":[133],"region":[137],"Korean":[139],"Peninsula":[140],"during":[141],"severe":[142],"events.":[145],"bimodality":[147],"peaks":[149],"reflectance":[152],"with":[153],"respect":[154],"wavelengths":[156],"has":[157],"become":[158],"basis":[160],"developing":[162],"NRTI,":[163],"multiplying":[165],"heights":[167],"both":[169],"peaks.":[171],"Based":[172],"high":[175],"correlation":[176],"between":[177],"density,":[184],"propose":[186],"estimation":[188,207],"formulation":[189,200],"calculate":[191],"density":[195,206],"GOCI":[197],"data.":[198],"methodology":[202],"study":[210],"is":[211],"anticipated":[212],"applicable":[215],"other":[217,223],"color":[219],"satellite":[220],"regions":[224],"around":[225],"world,":[227],"thereby":[228],"increasing":[229],"capacity":[230],"quantify":[232],"track":[234],"at":[237],"large":[238],"spatial":[239],"real":[243],"time.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}