{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3123537662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","title":"Cluster-Wise Weighted NMF for Hyperspectral Images Unmixing with Imbalanced Data","display_name":"Cluster-Wise Weighted NMF for Hyperspectral Images Unmixing with Imbalanced Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3123537662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","mag":"3123537662"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/268/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/268/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028402511","display_name":"Xiaochen Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196934937","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaochen Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101826443","display_name":"Wenhong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7739-5109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196934937","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenhong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086089915","display_name":"Hongfu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4261-8154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6902469","display_name":"Brandeis University","ror":"https://ror.org/05abbep66","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongfu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Departments of Computer Science, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Departments of Computer Science, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6902469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101826443"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.137,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80038012,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"268","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.9163929224014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.8856337070465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7458440661430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6599254608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6101976037025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5651447772979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.5542339086532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4990839958190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.382191002368927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eigenvalues-and-eigenvectors","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","score":0.07312312722206116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.9163929224014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.8856337070465088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7458440661430359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6599254608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6101976037025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5651447772979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.5542339086532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4990839958190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.382191002368927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.07312312722206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/268/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ff91560e777c4b40b0ea31ddaa1005ff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ff91560e777c4b40b0ea31ddaa1005ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 268 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/268/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 268","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020268","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/268/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2696157397","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3755586587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2017MF028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G535369434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2017MF0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326938","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123537662.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3123537662.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631938343","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1981939910","https://openalex.org/W1996355918","https://openalex.org/W2005818237","https://openalex.org/W2013648735","https://openalex.org/W2032944446","https://openalex.org/W2063069198","https://openalex.org/W2063790512","https://openalex.org/W2065548527","https://openalex.org/W2070424424","https://openalex.org/W2071898616","https://openalex.org/W2098295833","https://openalex.org/W2101837437","https://openalex.org/W2145554279","https://openalex.org/W2157321686","https://openalex.org/W2163886442","https://openalex.org/W2165755981","https://openalex.org/W2490201121","https://openalex.org/W2563628901","https://openalex.org/W2563859588","https://openalex.org/W2604977491","https://openalex.org/W2607323999","https://openalex.org/W2741786247","https://openalex.org/W2791545889","https://openalex.org/W2805103391","https://openalex.org/W2890022946","https://openalex.org/W2898532184","https://openalex.org/W2900246877","https://openalex.org/W2914285447","https://openalex.org/W3033104328","https://openalex.org/W3082522458","https://openalex.org/W3098551073","https://openalex.org/W3122463936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037328426","https://openalex.org/W1990914742","https://openalex.org/W2891033441","https://openalex.org/W2006559622","https://openalex.org/W3106536224","https://openalex.org/W2890371384","https://openalex.org/W2051769241","https://openalex.org/W2563324120","https://openalex.org/W2040756827","https://openalex.org/W2898368675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hyperspectral":[0],"unmixing":[1,50,127,140,199],"is":[2,147,216],"an":[3,181],"important":[4],"technique":[5],"for":[6,39,138],"analyzing":[7],"remote":[8],"sensing":[9],"images":[10,143],"which":[11,86],"aims":[12],"to":[13,35,75,95,109,185,218,226,237],"obtain":[14],"a":[15,132,163],"collection":[16],"of":[17,47,69,79,113,119,141,154,172,207,214,255,277],"endmembers":[18,94,102,231],"and":[19,66,98,166,193,232,257,267,274],"their":[20],"corresponding":[21],"abundances.":[22],"In":[23,201],"recent":[24],"years,":[25],"non-negative":[26],"matrix":[27,165,178],"factorization":[28],"(NMF)":[29],"has":[30,281],"received":[31],"extensive":[32],"attention":[33],"due":[34,108],"its":[36],"good":[37],"adaptability":[38],"mixed":[40,91,240],"data":[41,124,146,270],"with":[42,92,144,287],"different":[43],"degrees.":[44],"The":[45,175,261],"majority":[46,242],"existing":[48],"NMF-based":[49],"methods":[51,280],"are":[52],"developed":[53],"by":[54,221,241,250,284],"incorporating":[55],"additional":[56],"constraints":[57,254],"into":[58,169],"the":[59,64,77,84,89,100,110,117,126,139,152,158,170,186,194,198,204,211,227,238,247,252,275],"standard":[60,173],"NMF":[61,135,215],"based":[62,150],"on":[63,151,157,210,264],"spectral":[65],"spatial":[67],"information":[68,118],"hyperspectral":[70,123,142,159,269],"images.":[71],"However,":[72],"they":[73],"neglect":[74],"exploit":[76,116],"nature":[78],"imbalanced":[80,93,101,120,145,208,230],"pixels":[81,90,228,239],"included":[82],"in":[83,122,129,197],"data,":[85],"may":[87],"cause":[88],"be":[96,105,219],"ignored,":[97],"thus":[99],"generally":[103],"cannot":[104],"accurately":[106],"estimated":[107],"statistical":[111,212],"property":[112],"NMF.":[114,174],"To":[115],"samples":[121,209],"during":[125],"procedure,":[128],"this":[130,202],"paper,":[131],"cluster-wise":[133],"weighted":[134],"(CW-NMF)":[136],"method":[137],"proposed.":[148],"Specifically,":[149],"result":[153],"clustering":[155],"conducted":[156],"image,":[160],"we":[161,245],"construct":[162],"weight":[164,177,183,224,235],"introduce":[167],"it":[168],"model":[171],"proposed":[176,248,279],"can":[179],"provide":[180],"appropriate":[182],"value":[184],"reconstruction":[187],"error":[188],"between":[189],"each":[190],"original":[191],"pixel":[192,196],"reconstructed":[195],"procedure.":[200],"way,":[203],"adverse":[205],"effect":[206],"accuracy":[213],"expected":[217],"reduced":[220],"assigning":[222],"larger":[223],"values":[225,236],"concerning":[229],"giving":[233],"smaller":[234],"endmembers.":[243],"Besides,":[244],"extend":[246],"CW-NMF":[249],"introducing":[251],"sparsity":[253],"abundance":[256],"graph-based":[258],"regularization,":[259],"respectively.":[260],"experimental":[262],"results":[263],"both":[265],"synthetic":[266],"real":[268],"have":[271],"been":[272,282],"reported,":[273],"effectiveness":[276],"our":[278],"demonstrated":[283],"comparing":[285],"them":[286],"several":[288],"state-of-the-art":[289],"methods.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2021-02-01T00:00:00"}