{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119718930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","title":"Assessing Leaf Biomass of Agave sisalana Using Sentinel-2 Vegetation Indices","display_name":"Assessing Leaf Biomass of Agave sisalana Using Sentinel-2 Vegetation Indices","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119718930","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","mag":"3119718930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/233/pdf?version=1610442607","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/233/pdf?version=1610442607","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070996212","display_name":"Ilja Vuorinne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-8604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilja Vuorinne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002576056","display_name":"Janne Heiskanen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3899-8860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Janne Heiskanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036822460","display_name":"Petri Pellikka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5996-9268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN","FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petri K. E. Pellikka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002576056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.3646,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87594728,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"233","last_page":"233"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7174358367919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","score":0.6219892501831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agave","display_name":"Agave","score":0.4958241879940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-residue","display_name":"Crop residue","score":0.4232047200202942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.3833991289138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.18619951605796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14633366465568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.13598400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.08091998100280762}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7174358367919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.6219892501831055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155874","display_name":"Agave","level":2,"score":0.4958241879940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183889291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5187955","display_name":"Crop residue","level":3,"score":0.4232047200202942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3833991289138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.18619951605796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14633366465568542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13598400354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.08091998100280762}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/233/pdf?version=1610442607","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bc0790e156954243a07357ce8a84feba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bc0790e156954243a07357ce8a84feba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 233 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/325082","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/325082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/entityType/JournalArticle"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/325643","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/325643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:helda.helsinki.fi:10138/348921","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10138/348921","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213322","display_name":"Ty\u00f6v\u00e4entutkimus Vuosikirja","issn_l":"0784-1272","issn":["0784-1272","1459-7780"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/eprint/entityType/JournalArticle"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/233/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 233","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020233","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/233/pdf?version=1610442607","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2846135743","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"318645","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3903329842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P/18/97336/26355","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323466","funder_display_name":"National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310086","display_name":"Helsingin Yliopisto","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323466","display_name":"National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/03wzc0b85"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119718930.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119718930.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92421945","https://openalex.org/W116253160","https://openalex.org/W634846817","https://openalex.org/W1277711400","https://openalex.org/W1704024438","https://openalex.org/W1966461356","https://openalex.org/W1984514442","https://openalex.org/W1985555755","https://openalex.org/W1987097445","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2010308608","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2058312673","https://openalex.org/W2060426168","https://openalex.org/W2070559755","https://openalex.org/W2085282193","https://openalex.org/W2091493105","https://openalex.org/W2094128702","https://openalex.org/W2098935748","https://openalex.org/W2111947859","https://openalex.org/W2113283209","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2117666145","https://openalex.org/W2125397877","https://openalex.org/W2134034776","https://openalex.org/W2137127887","https://openalex.org/W2148923933","https://openalex.org/W2149813070","https://openalex.org/W2151338288","https://openalex.org/W2155863249","https://openalex.org/W2165098357","https://openalex.org/W2168508773","https://openalex.org/W2169847067","https://openalex.org/W2212201313","https://openalex.org/W2246174817","https://openalex.org/W2253751820","https://openalex.org/W2317582304","https://openalex.org/W2318680357","https://openalex.org/W2345084272","https://openalex.org/W2499691472","https://openalex.org/W2552805558","https://openalex.org/W2606606356","https://openalex.org/W2609044008","https://openalex.org/W2610580434","https://openalex.org/W2611080000","https://openalex.org/W2614464134","https://openalex.org/W2625653725","https://openalex.org/W2748183895","https://openalex.org/W2768035654","https://openalex.org/W2795397536","https://openalex.org/W2908301099","https://openalex.org/W2913229076","https://openalex.org/W2918084323","https://openalex.org/W2969789557","https://openalex.org/W2971953399","https://openalex.org/W2982227116","https://openalex.org/W2983376237","https://openalex.org/W2985495555","https://openalex.org/W3085784695","https://openalex.org/W3091351203","https://openalex.org/W3112717819","https://openalex.org/W4210599941","https://openalex.org/W4247595722","https://openalex.org/W4291746675","https://openalex.org/W6653296783","https://openalex.org/W6674178674","https://openalex.org/W6684815264","https://openalex.org/W6784110823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378805373","https://openalex.org/W4313171841","https://openalex.org/W4236121954","https://openalex.org/W4238181250","https://openalex.org/W4383674865","https://openalex.org/W3197182626","https://openalex.org/W2244207477","https://openalex.org/W4387757969","https://openalex.org/W4385173946","https://openalex.org/W2105742128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomass":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,39],"principal":[3],"variable":[4],"in":[5,11,49,91,95,206],"crop":[6,41],"monitoring":[7],"and":[8,10,51,133,144,146,155,205,231],"management":[9],"assessing":[12,197],"carbon":[13],"cycling.":[14],"Remote":[15],"sensing":[16],"combined":[17],"with":[18,131],"field":[19,75],"measurements":[20],"can":[21,60],"be":[22,61],"used":[23,62,87,170],"to":[24,63,88,104,160,171,179],"estimate":[25],"biomass":[26,34,70,90,108,174,184,200],"over":[27],"large":[28],"areas.":[29],"This":[30],"study":[31],"assessed":[32],"leaf":[33,199],"of":[35,152,215],"Agave":[36],"sisalana":[37],"(sisal),":[38],"perennial":[40],"whose":[42],"leaves":[43],"are":[44,194],"grown":[45],"for":[46,73,196],"fibre":[47,58],"production":[48,59],"tropical":[50],"subtropical":[52],"regions.":[53],"Furthermore,":[54],"the":[55,139,202,213,222,225],"residue":[56],"from":[57,177,224],"produce":[64],"bioenergy":[65],"through":[66],"anaerobic":[67],"digestion.":[68],"First,":[69],"was":[71,86,109,129,169,237],"estimated":[72],"58":[74],"plots":[76],"using":[77],"an":[78,92],"allometric":[79],"approach.":[80],"Then,":[81],"Sentinel-2":[82,216],"multispectral":[83,192],"satellite":[84],"imagery":[85],"model":[89,162,227],"8851-ha":[93],"plantation":[94,173,203],"semi-arid":[96],"south-eastern":[97],"Kenya.":[98],"Generalised":[99],"Additive":[100],"Models":[101],"were":[102],"employed":[103],"explore":[105],"how":[106],"well":[107],"explained":[110],"by":[111],"various":[112],"spectral":[113,149],"vegetation":[114,154],"indices":[115],"(VIs).":[116],"The":[117,164,188],"highest":[118],"performance":[119],"(explained":[120],"deviance":[121],"=":[122,125],"76%,":[123],"RMSE":[124],"5.15":[126],"Mg":[127,181,186],"ha\u22121)":[128],"achieved":[130],"ratio":[132],"normalised":[134],"difference":[135,223],"VIs":[136],"based":[137,228],"on":[138,229],"green":[140,230],"(R560),":[141],"red-edge":[142,217],"(R740":[143],"R783),":[145],"near-infrared":[147,232],"(R865)":[148],"bands.":[150],"Heterogeneity":[151],"ground":[153],"resulting":[156],"background":[157],"effects":[158],"seemed":[159],"limit":[161],"performance.":[163],"best":[165,226],"performing":[166],"VI":[167],"(R740/R783)":[168],"predict":[172],"that":[175,191],"ranged":[176],"0":[178],"46.7":[180],"ha\u22121":[182],"(mean":[183],"10.6":[185],"ha\u22121).":[187],"modelling":[189],"showed":[190],"data":[193],"suitable":[195],"sisal":[198],"at":[201,219,234],"level":[204],"individual":[207],"blocks.":[208],"Although":[209],"these":[210],"results":[211],"demonstrate":[212],"value":[214],"bands":[218,233],"20-m":[220],"resolution,":[221],"10-m":[235],"resolution":[236],"rather":[238],"small.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}