{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3119295511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","title":"Challenges of the Polarimetric Update on Operational Radars in China\u2014Ground Clutter Contamination of Weather Radar Observations","display_name":"Challenges of the Polarimetric Update on Operational Radars in China\u2014Ground Clutter Contamination of Weather Radar Observations","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3119295511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","mag":"3119295511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/217/pdf?version=1610271207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/217/pdf?version=1610271207","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101650555","display_name":"Chong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9865-9628"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100352445","display_name":"Liping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-2277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408348","display_name":"Chao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3284-0667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Meteorological Observatory, Guangzhou 510640, China","Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Meteorological Observatory, Guangzhou 510640, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029428888","display_name":"Chian Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Metstar Radar Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Metstar Radar Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061578057","display_name":"Guangxin He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2179-5119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangxin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421057","display_name":"Juan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-0466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101650555"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.4831,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61433337,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"217","last_page":"217"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarimetry","display_name":"Polarimetry","score":0.761758029460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7353785634040833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.686960756778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6249603033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.6242789626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-radar","display_name":"Weather radar","score":0.5170077085494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-phase","display_name":"Differential phase","score":0.4806572198867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4417558014392853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3440890908241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.30449771881103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.19282224774360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1249530017375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09588837623596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08903339505195618}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28493345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899381","display_name":"Polarimetry","level":3,"score":0.761758029460907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7353785634040833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.686960756778717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6249603033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.6242789626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92237259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863343","display_name":"Weather radar","level":3,"score":0.5170077085494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778465081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275356","display_name":"Differential phase","level":3,"score":0.4806572198867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4417558014392853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3440890908241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30449771881103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.19282224774360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1249530017375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09588837623596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08903339505195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/217/pdf?version=1610271207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:befcbf048dca4d4b93016ef7ac04ff65","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/befcbf048dca4d4b93016ef7ac04ff65","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 217 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/217/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 217","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020217","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020217","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/217/pdf?version=1610271207","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335861","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119295511.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3119295511.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W878451336","https://openalex.org/W1651291934","https://openalex.org/W1872922779","https://openalex.org/W1978179300","https://openalex.org/W1991008424","https://openalex.org/W2022631575","https://openalex.org/W2038861790","https://openalex.org/W2050938017","https://openalex.org/W2064619026","https://openalex.org/W2065252985","https://openalex.org/W2068159543","https://openalex.org/W2101902804","https://openalex.org/W2128689187","https://openalex.org/W2143221515","https://openalex.org/W2154834737","https://openalex.org/W2155628500","https://openalex.org/W2175869565","https://openalex.org/W2196148730","https://openalex.org/W2371884005","https://openalex.org/W2397964538","https://openalex.org/W2470572658","https://openalex.org/W2519459528","https://openalex.org/W2519542205","https://openalex.org/W2578768658","https://openalex.org/W2766877159","https://openalex.org/W2769852091","https://openalex.org/W2775321046","https://openalex.org/W2782883212","https://openalex.org/W2791351325","https://openalex.org/W2808499022","https://openalex.org/W2905679766","https://openalex.org/W2933447212","https://openalex.org/W2936164699","https://openalex.org/W2938733929","https://openalex.org/W2943782023","https://openalex.org/W2970351942","https://openalex.org/W2980276221","https://openalex.org/W2981689090","https://openalex.org/W2983775085","https://openalex.org/W3005736874","https://openalex.org/W3014663025","https://openalex.org/W3015979240","https://openalex.org/W6776257753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109538641","https://openalex.org/W2066181770","https://openalex.org/W3041742295","https://openalex.org/W2997500395","https://openalex.org/W2050024921","https://openalex.org/W2036324114","https://openalex.org/W1933455866","https://openalex.org/W1544437858","https://openalex.org/W2166923512","https://openalex.org/W2798120804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"China":[0],"New":[1],"Generation":[2],"Doppler":[3],"Weather":[4],"Radar":[5],"(CINRAD)":[6],"plans":[7],"to":[8,14,37,193],"upgrade":[9],"its":[10],"hardware":[11],"and":[12,33,51,70,90,98,103,116,151,161],"software":[13],"achieve":[15],"polarimetric":[16,21,42,76,122,189],"function.":[17],"However,":[18],"the":[19,27,34,38,63,87,92,95,110,135,140,156,162,167,171,182],"small-magnitude":[20],"measurements":[22],"were":[23,105,153],"negatively":[24],"affected":[25],"by":[26,46,114,127,170],"scattering":[28],"characteristics":[29],"of":[30,62,121,142,148,176,185],"ground":[31,39],"clutter":[32,100,128,186],"filter\u2019s":[35],"response":[36],"clutter.":[40],"This":[41],"contamination":[43,187],"was":[44,124],"characterized":[45],"decreased":[47],"differential":[48,64],"reflectivity":[49,96],"(ZDR)":[50],"cross-correlation":[52],"coefficient":[53],"(\u03c1hv),":[54],"as":[55,57],"well":[56],"an":[58],"increased":[59],"standard":[60],"deviation":[61],"phase":[65],"(\u03a6DP),":[66],"generating":[67],"a":[68],"large-area":[69],"long-term":[71],"observational":[72],"anomaly":[73],"for":[74,107],"eight":[75],"radars":[77],"in":[78,86,94,134,155],"South":[79],"China.":[80],"Considering":[81],"that":[82,191],"outliers":[83],"simultaneously":[84],"appeared":[85],"radar":[88],"mainlobe":[89,115],"sidelobe,":[91],"variations":[93],"before":[97],"after":[99],"mitigation":[101],"(\u0394ZH)":[102],"\u03c1hv":[104],"used":[106],"quantitatively":[108],"describing":[109],"random":[111],"dispersion":[112],"caused":[113,169],"sidelobe":[117],"clutters.":[118],"The":[119,130,145,178],"performance":[120],"algorithms":[123],"also":[125],"reduced":[126],"contamination.":[129],"deteriorated":[131],"membership":[132],"functions":[133],"hydrometeor":[136],"classification":[137],"algorithm":[138,160],"changed":[139],"proportion":[141],"classified":[143],"echoes.":[144],"empirical":[146],"relations":[147],"R(ZH,":[149],"ZDR)":[150],"R(KDP)":[152],"broken":[154],"quantitative":[157],"precipitation":[158],"estimation":[159],"extra":[163],"error":[164],"considerably":[165],"exceeded":[166],"uncertainty":[168],"drop-size":[172],"distribution":[173],"(DSD)":[174],"variability":[175],"R(ZH).":[177],"above":[179],"results":[180],"highlighted":[181],"negative":[183],"impact":[184],"on":[188],"applications":[190],"need":[192],"be":[194],"further":[195],"investigated.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-15T09:29:46.208133","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}