{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3121054829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","title":"Classification of Street Tree Species Using UAV Tilt Photogrammetry","display_name":"Classification of Street Tree Species Using UAV Tilt Photogrammetry","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3121054829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","mag":"3121054829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/216/pdf?version=1610275032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/216/pdf?version=1610275032","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101659400","display_name":"Yutang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5341-0159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404632","display_name":"Jia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1151-2007"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064925028","display_name":"Shuping Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuping Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055324098","display_name":"Lu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-2982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080037773","display_name":"Likun An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-9031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Likun An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100650507","display_name":"Yuhan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3954-1608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101193371","display_name":"Jiangqi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2324-721X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31683504","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327237609","https://openalex.org/I31683504","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangqi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Precise Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100404632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31683504"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.6524,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89155312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"216","last_page":"216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.6256619095802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.6087603569030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5975633859634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landscaping","display_name":"Landscaping","score":0.594849169254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5770662426948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5595911145210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.5118764638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48485124111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4691931903362274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40792614221572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3838348090648651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3407493233680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.32769206166267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.26461753249168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.19250255823135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17917263507843018}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.6256619095802307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.6087603569030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5975633859634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174801256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8070591","display_name":"Landscaping","level":2,"score":0.594849169254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5770662426948547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5595911145210266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.5118764638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48485124111175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4691931903362274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40792614221572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3838348090648651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3407493233680725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32769206166267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26461753249168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.19250255823135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17917263507843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/216/pdf?version=1610275032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:383667bd817641fd8dcb7cda882c0b0f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/383667bd817641fd8dcb7cda882c0b0f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 216 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/216/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/216/pdf?version=1610275032","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2376276132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6126793667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31870713","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7277001187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071342","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7639293380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015ZCQ-LX-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7840420562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015ZCQ-LX-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327478","display_name":"Beijing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xv2pc41"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3121054829.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3121054829.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20450873","https://openalex.org/W92469554","https://openalex.org/W103576350","https://openalex.org/W247587966","https://openalex.org/W1970058722","https://openalex.org/W1977940988","https://openalex.org/W1982539255","https://openalex.org/W2003161105","https://openalex.org/W2008056655","https://openalex.org/W2011502855","https://openalex.org/W2014250695","https://openalex.org/W2029334323","https://openalex.org/W2037046759","https://openalex.org/W2037416190","https://openalex.org/W2041281368","https://openalex.org/W2042524658","https://openalex.org/W2055734610","https://openalex.org/W2056919691","https://openalex.org/W2070891164","https://openalex.org/W2072723786","https://openalex.org/W2096828641","https://openalex.org/W2116674621","https://openalex.org/W2130899072","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2163117137","https://openalex.org/W2165828254","https://openalex.org/W2188581537","https://openalex.org/W2188624733","https://openalex.org/W2223657480","https://openalex.org/W2300076269","https://openalex.org/W2315855208","https://openalex.org/W2327571972","https://openalex.org/W2343132062","https://openalex.org/W2397741397","https://openalex.org/W2412520540","https://openalex.org/W2464687222","https://openalex.org/W2536342094","https://openalex.org/W2556502614","https://openalex.org/W2574542620","https://openalex.org/W2591466624","https://openalex.org/W2604870469","https://openalex.org/W2624503621","https://openalex.org/W2713294981","https://openalex.org/W2743601682","https://openalex.org/W2748857187","https://openalex.org/W2782119571","https://openalex.org/W2810237059","https://openalex.org/W2810844163","https://openalex.org/W2875209293","https://openalex.org/W2883235110","https://openalex.org/W2886835193","https://openalex.org/W2902111700","https://openalex.org/W2914433259","https://openalex.org/W2954080612","https://openalex.org/W2978137832","https://openalex.org/W2980487716","https://openalex.org/W2989781426","https://openalex.org/W3013220302","https://openalex.org/W3036016333","https://openalex.org/W3041938588","https://openalex.org/W3048194731","https://openalex.org/W4242361954","https://openalex.org/W6697782310","https://openalex.org/W6752956743","https://openalex.org/W6753104588"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361540855","https://openalex.org/W4396689146","https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W2004826645","https://openalex.org/W4366990902","https://openalex.org/W4388550696","https://openalex.org/W4224922629","https://openalex.org/W4321636153","https://openalex.org/W4313289487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"an":[1,12],"important":[2],"component":[3],"of":[4,33,43,54,86,162,166,178],"the":[5,29,51,136,142,151,176],"urban":[6,17,44],"ecosystem,":[7],"street":[8,34,62,179],"trees":[9],"have":[10],"made":[11],"outstanding":[13],"contribution":[14],"to":[15],"alleviating":[16],"environmental":[18],"pollution.":[19],"Accurately":[20],"extracting":[21],"tree":[22,63,75,95,124,132,180,206],"characteristics":[23],"and":[24,31,41,56,58,77,82,109,164,168,202],"species":[25,64,96,125,207],"information":[26],"can":[27],"facilitate":[28],"monitoring":[30],"management":[32],"trees,":[35],"as":[36,38,92],"well":[37],"aiding":[39],"landscaping":[40],"studies":[42],"ecology.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47,172],"study,":[48],"we":[49,169],"selected":[50],"suburban":[52],"areas":[53],"Beijing":[55],"Zhangjiakou":[57],"investigated":[59],"six":[60],"representative":[61],"using":[65,120,130,155],"unmanned":[66],"aerial":[67],"vehicle":[68],"(UAV)":[69],"tilt":[70,189],"photogrammetry.":[71],"We":[72],"extracted":[73],"five":[74],"attributes":[76,133],"four":[78,84],"combined":[79,121,156,191],"attribute":[80],"parameters":[81,122],"used":[83],"types":[85],"commonly-used":[87],"machine":[88,107,194],"learning":[89,195],"classification":[90,117,149,160,196],"algorithms":[91],"classifiers":[93],"for":[94,123,148,205],"classification.":[97,208],"The":[98,145,182],"results":[99,118,183],"show":[100],"that":[101,171,186],"random":[102],"forest":[103],"(RF),":[104],"support":[105],"vector":[106],"(SVM),":[108],"back":[110],"propagation":[111],"(BP)":[112],"neural":[113,153],"network":[114,154],"provide":[115],"better":[116],"when":[119],"classification,":[126],"compared":[127],"with":[128,158,192],"those":[129],"individual":[131],"alone;":[134],"however,":[135],"K-nearest":[137],"neighbor":[138],"(KNN)":[139],"algorithm":[140,197],"produced":[141],"opposite":[143],"results.":[144],"best":[146,174],"combination":[147],"is":[150,198],"BP":[152],"attributes,":[157],"a":[159,193,199],"precision":[161],"89.1%":[163],"F-measure":[165],"0.872,":[167],"conclude":[170],"approach":[173],"meets":[175],"requirements":[177],"surveys.":[181],"also":[184],"demonstrate":[185],"optical":[187],"UAV":[188],"photogrammetry":[190],"low-cost,":[200],"high-efficiency,":[201],"high-precision":[203],"method":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
