{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120241342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","title":"Dynamic Mapping of Subarctic Surface Water by Fusion of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data Using Conditional Adversarial Networks","display_name":"Dynamic Mapping of Subarctic Surface Water by Fusion of Microwave and Optical Satellite Data Using Conditional Adversarial Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120241342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","mag":"3120241342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/175/pdf?version=1610002556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/175/pdf?version=1610002556","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067276912","display_name":"Hiroki Mizuochi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8534-8345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135230","display_name":"Geological Survey of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/02wzg6d13","country_code":"JP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135230","https://openalex.org/I73613424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73613424","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73613424"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hiroki Mizuochi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan","Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8567, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135230","https://openalex.org/I73613424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017689934","display_name":"Yoshihiro Iijima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-5696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178574317","display_name":"Mie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01529vy56","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178574317"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshihiro Iijima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu 514-8507, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu 514-8507, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178574317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037117734","display_name":"Hirohiko Nagano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3090-7709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirohiko Nagano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054150623","display_name":"Ayumi Kotani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0350-0775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayumi Kotani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018987045","display_name":"Tetsuya Hiyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9080-2717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60134161","display_name":"Nagoya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04chrp450","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuya Hiyama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60134161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067276912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135230","https://openalex.org/I60134161","https://openalex.org/I73613424"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8229,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67752301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"175","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6532368659973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.601618230342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.46686291694641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subarctic-climate","display_name":"Subarctic climate","score":0.44630783796310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.41928336024284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.41638708114624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3385203182697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.16677701473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1533510684967041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6532368659973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.601618230342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.46686291694641113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81447805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5967371","display_name":"Subarctic climate","level":2,"score":0.44630783796310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.41928336024284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.41638708114624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3385203182697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.16677701473236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1533510684967041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/175/pdf?version=1610002556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b2a4029910564fb59f6b0c0cf62524bb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b2a4029910564fb59f6b0c0cf62524bb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 175 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/2/175/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 2; Pages: 175","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13020175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13020175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/2/175/pdf?version=1610002556","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1069223013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JSPS KAKENHI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2839970991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19H05668","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3283080113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JSPS KAKENHI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311508","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4636223006","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JSPS KAK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4681297618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19H056","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7752643416","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Japan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311508","display_name":"National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01703db54"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120241342.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3120241342.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1969161969","https://openalex.org/W1981636161","https://openalex.org/W1982956952","https://openalex.org/W1989823475","https://openalex.org/W1998515817","https://openalex.org/W2013535867","https://openalex.org/W2023306858","https://openalex.org/W2036229340","https://openalex.org/W2037364101","https://openalex.org/W2050225888","https://openalex.org/W2056811372","https://openalex.org/W2071229892","https://openalex.org/W2076458599","https://openalex.org/W2081399384","https://openalex.org/W2082116023","https://openalex.org/W2082263501","https://openalex.org/W2088603520","https://openalex.org/W2101678239","https://openalex.org/W2109069941","https://openalex.org/W2116287613","https://openalex.org/W2119991562","https://openalex.org/W2139979866","https://openalex.org/W2145087958","https://openalex.org/W2155509305","https://openalex.org/W2159200140","https://openalex.org/W2160828678","https://openalex.org/W2189992044","https://openalex.org/W2192883182","https://openalex.org/W2217449633","https://openalex.org/W2524405473","https://openalex.org/W2560167313","https://openalex.org/W2597128531","https://openalex.org/W2624978326","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2743026419","https://openalex.org/W2793603191","https://openalex.org/W2802867400","https://openalex.org/W2885235773","https://openalex.org/W2894869748","https://openalex.org/W2896834648","https://openalex.org/W2902724941","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2931894371","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W3004750619","https://openalex.org/W3017303867","https://openalex.org/W3019635997","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3033046140","https://openalex.org/W3038180955","https://openalex.org/W3083163740","https://openalex.org/W3130839287","https://openalex.org/W4245542315","https://openalex.org/W4255486219","https://openalex.org/W6688631540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116416258","https://openalex.org/W2403269858","https://openalex.org/W2110721186","https://openalex.org/W2040472355","https://openalex.org/W2013329914","https://openalex.org/W2392383081","https://openalex.org/W2064580253","https://openalex.org/W3113031366","https://openalex.org/W2151161957","https://openalex.org/W2147723852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface":[0],"water":[1,29,119,170],"monitoring":[2,171],"with":[3,31,82,127],"fine":[4],"spatiotemporal":[5],"resolution":[6,39],"in":[7,22,45,97,100],"the":[8,14,23,69,76,83,101,131,148,154,158,164,175,179,186,192],"subarctic":[9],"is":[10],"important":[11],"for":[12,195],"understanding":[13],"impact":[15],"of":[16,50,85,153,163,166,185,191],"climate":[17],"change":[18],"upon":[19],"hydrological":[20],"cycles":[21],"region.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26],"provides":[27],"dynamic":[28],"mapping":[30],"daily":[32],"frequency":[33],"and":[34,53,75,145,150,157,189],"a":[35,41],"moderate":[36],"(500":[37],"m)":[38],"over":[40],"heterogeneous":[42,151],"thermokarst":[43,159],"landscape":[44],"eastern":[46],"Siberia.":[47],"A":[48],"combination":[49],"random":[51,180],"forest":[52,181],"conditional":[54],"generative":[55],"adversarial":[56],"networks":[57],"(pix2pix)":[58],"machine":[59],"learning":[60],"(ML)":[61],"methods":[62],"were":[63],"applied":[64],"to":[65,115,168],"data":[66,103,111,134],"fusion":[67],"between":[68],"Moderate":[70],"Resolution":[71],"Imaging":[72],"Spectroradiometer":[73],"(MODIS)":[74],"Advanced":[77],"Microwave":[78],"Scanning":[79],"Radiometer":[80],"2,":[81],"addition":[84],"ancillary":[86],"hydrometeorological":[87],"information.":[88],"The":[89,118],"results":[90],"show":[91],"that":[92,128],"our":[93,123],"algorithm":[94,124],"successfully":[95],"filled":[96],"observational":[98],"gaps":[99],"MODIS":[102,110,133],"caused":[104],"by":[105,122],"cloud":[106],"interference,":[107],"thereby":[108],"improving":[109],"availability":[112],"from":[113,130,174],"30.3%":[114],"almost":[116],"100%.":[117],"fraction":[120],"estimated":[121],"was":[125],"consistent":[126],"derived":[129],"reference":[132],"(relative":[135],"mean":[136,141],"bias:":[137],"\u22122.43%;":[138],"relative":[139],"root":[140],"squared":[142],"error:":[143],"14.7%),":[144],"effectively":[146],"rendered":[147],"seasonality":[149],"distribution":[152],"Lena":[155],"River":[156],"lakes.":[160],"Practical":[161],"knowledge":[162],"application":[165],"ML":[167,196],"surface":[169],"also":[172],"resulted":[173],"preliminary":[176],"experiments":[177],"involving":[178],"method,":[182],"including":[183],"timing":[184],"water-index":[187],"thresholding":[188],"selection":[190],"input":[193],"features":[194],"training.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
