{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118617891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","title":"Monitoring Spatiotemporal Changes of Impervious Surfaces in Beijing City Using Random Forest Algorithm and Textural Features","display_name":"Monitoring Spatiotemporal Changes of Impervious Surfaces in Beijing City Using Random Forest Algorithm and Textural Features","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118617891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","mag":"3118617891"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13010153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/1/153/pdf?version=1610015606","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/1/153/pdf?version=1610015606","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035531311","display_name":"Xuegang Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-5929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuegang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","Institute of National Development and Security Studies, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of National Development and Security Studies, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045776230","display_name":"Zhiguo Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-087X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164580","display_name":"National Astronomical Observatories","ror":"https://ror.org/058pyyv44","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210164580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","Institute of National Development and Security Studies, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep-Space Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of National Development and Security Studies, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep-Space Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164580","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039448133","display_name":"Yongzhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3093-7545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","Institute of Integrated Information for Mineral Resources Prediction, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Integrated Information for Mineral Resources Prediction, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101948009","display_name":"Yuanzhi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9244-8464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164580","display_name":"National Astronomical Observatories","ror":"https://ror.org/058pyyv44","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210164580"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanzhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep-Space Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep-Space Exploration, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164580","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055251195","display_name":"Haoteng Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoteng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091551159","display_name":"Qingshuai Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingshuai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geoexploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039448133"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.1037,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85329425,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"153","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impervious-surface","display_name":"Impervious surface","score":0.9674321413040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.8678849935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-road","display_name":"Ring road","score":0.6934248805046082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.6388707160949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5239189267158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.45455917716026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.42549893260002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.4078199863433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.38413822650909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.2914263606071472}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.9674321413040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.8678849935531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778360411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q510662","display_name":"Ring road","level":2,"score":0.6934248805046082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.6388707160949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5239189267158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.45455917716026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.42549893260002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4078199863433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.38413822650909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.2914263606071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13010153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/1/153/pdf?version=1610015606","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ecc4ad03c715439cb7ffaa9c28344ef3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ecc4ad03c715439cb7ffaa9c28344ef3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 153 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/1/153/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 1; Pages: 153","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13010153","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13010153","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/1/153/pdf?version=1610015606","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1301254576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC0600501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6843339382","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42071309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8288844517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 42071309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3118617891.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3118617891.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W38301456","https://openalex.org/W1984811700","https://openalex.org/W1987216676","https://openalex.org/W1990653740","https://openalex.org/W2002469898","https://openalex.org/W2006069992","https://openalex.org/W2014555541","https://openalex.org/W2018838291","https://openalex.org/W2021006603","https://openalex.org/W2026332487","https://openalex.org/W2042083201","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2048697945","https://openalex.org/W2049827513","https://openalex.org/W2052331316","https://openalex.org/W2057496091","https://openalex.org/W2059432853","https://openalex.org/W2060926931","https://openalex.org/W2061607594","https://openalex.org/W2065778834","https://openalex.org/W2081620141","https://openalex.org/W2087475904","https://openalex.org/W2092075602","https://openalex.org/W2110133912","https://openalex.org/W2123222193","https://openalex.org/W2127070009","https://openalex.org/W2127170577","https://openalex.org/W2132424470","https://openalex.org/W2136625467","https://openalex.org/W2141352847","https://openalex.org/W2147406638","https://openalex.org/W2155806188","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2350109038","https://openalex.org/W2557186959","https://openalex.org/W2602472893","https://openalex.org/W2755708231","https://openalex.org/W2762705586","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W3010761711","https://openalex.org/W3034604520","https://openalex.org/W3037718619","https://openalex.org/W3047353780","https://openalex.org/W3080766356","https://openalex.org/W4244202124","https://openalex.org/W6601578796","https://openalex.org/W6663476391","https://openalex.org/W6665770676","https://openalex.org/W6825625335","https://openalex.org/W6993045418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364341326","https://openalex.org/W2757433404","https://openalex.org/W4254235682","https://openalex.org/W2054563345","https://openalex.org/W2520989432","https://openalex.org/W2352084456","https://openalex.org/W2371213369","https://openalex.org/W1974787866","https://openalex.org/W3118617891","https://openalex.org/W2351316379"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,95],"the":[1,20,27,31,44,60,69,78,96,105,111,123,129,140,150,187,196,201,216,223,232],"capital":[2],"city":[3],"of":[4,26,49,98,107,132],"China,":[5],"Beijing":[6,99,194],"has":[7,100],"experienced":[8],"unprecedented":[9],"economic":[10],"and":[11,14,33,46,91,166,168,189],"population":[12],"growth":[13],"dramatic":[15],"impervious":[16,51,61,79,108,141],"surface":[17,62,142],"changes":[18,48,106,199],"during":[19],"last":[21],"few":[22],"decades.":[23,203],"An":[24],"application":[25],"classification":[28,54,130],"method":[29],"combining":[30],"spectral":[32],"textural":[34,124],"features":[35,125],"based":[36],"on":[37,75],"Random":[38],"Forest":[39],"was":[40],"conducted":[41],"to":[42,158,215,227,231],"monitor":[43],"spatial":[45],"temporal":[47],"Beijing\u2019s":[50,82],"surfaces.":[52],"This":[53],"strategy":[55],"achieved":[56],"excellent":[57],"performance":[58],"in":[59,64,86,135,171,193,200,222],"extraction":[63],"complex":[65],"urban":[66,136],"areas,":[67,137],"as":[68,120],"Kappa":[70],"coefficient":[71],"reached":[72],"0.850.":[73],"Based":[74],"this":[76],"strategy,":[77],"surfaces":[80,109,148],"inside":[81],"sixth":[83,112,151,190],"ring":[84,113,152,191],"road":[85,114,153],"1997,":[87],"2002,":[88],"2007,":[89],"2013,":[90],"2017":[92],"were":[93,115],"extracted.":[94],"development":[97],"a":[101],"special":[102],"regional":[103],"feature,":[104],"within":[110,149],"assessed.":[116],"The":[117,184,205],"findings":[118],"are":[119,174,209],"follows:":[121],"(1)":[122],"can":[126],"significantly":[127],"improve":[128],"accuracy":[131],"land":[133],"cover":[134],"especially":[138],"for":[139,180],"with":[143],"high":[144],"albedo.":[145],"(2)":[146],"Impervious":[147],"expanded":[154],"dramatically":[155],"from":[156],"1997":[157],"2017,":[159],"had":[160],"three":[161,207],"expanding":[162],"periods:":[163],"1997\u20132002,":[164],"2002\u20132007,":[165],"2013\u20132017,":[167],"only":[169],"shrank":[170],"2007\u20132013.":[172],"There":[173],"different":[175],"possible":[176],"major":[177],"driving":[178],"factors":[179],"each":[181],"period.":[182],"(3)":[183],"region":[185],"between":[186],"fifth":[188],"roads":[192],"underwent":[195],"most":[197],"significant":[198],"two":[202,218],"(4)":[204],"inner":[206],"regions":[208,225],"relatively":[210],"highly":[211],"urbanized":[212],"areas":[213],"compared":[214,230],"outer":[217],"regions.":[219,234],"Urbanization":[220],"processes":[221],"interior":[224],"tend":[226],"be":[228],"completed":[229],"exterior":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
