{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3111224674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","title":"Mapping an Invasive Plant Spartina alterniflora by Combining an Ensemble One-Class Classification Algorithm with a Phenological NDVI Time-Series Analysis Approach in Middle Coast of Jiangsu, China","display_name":"Mapping an Invasive Plant Spartina alterniflora by Combining an Ensemble One-Class Classification Algorithm with a Phenological NDVI Time-Series Analysis Approach in Middle Coast of Jiangsu, China","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3111224674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","mag":"3111224674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12244010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/24/4010/pdf?version=1607487301","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/24/4010/pdf?version=1607487301","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408601","display_name":"Xiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-2532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-2532","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101980517","display_name":"Huiyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-481X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152031979","display_name":"Nanjing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/036trcv74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141657","display_name":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application","ror":"https://ror.org/045yewh40","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152031979","https://openalex.org/I4210141657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huiyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China","Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China","School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-481X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979","https://openalex.org/I4210141657"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084094100","display_name":"Pawan Datta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-2371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawanjeet Datta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1721-2371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026305066","display_name":"Julian Frey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-702X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Frey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-702X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032548899","display_name":"Barbara Koch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1579-4064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Remote Sensing and Landscape Information Systems, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101980517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152031979","https://openalex.org/I4210141657"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":1.5624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82085536,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"24","first_page":"4010","last_page":"4010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spartina-alterniflora","display_name":"Spartina alterniflora","score":0.9434999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.7085212469100952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6447064876556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenology","display_name":"Phenology","score":0.5536337494850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.505214273929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferability","display_name":"Transferability","score":0.43194591999053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4225544333457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41528552770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40858137607574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3647698163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.253061980009079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland","display_name":"Wetland","score":0.2294100821018219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.18075481057167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14816632866859436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779858377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697224","display_name":"Spartina alterniflora","level":4,"score":0.9434999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.7085212469100952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6447064876556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.5536337494850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.505214273929596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61272859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834031","display_name":"Transferability","level":3,"score":0.43194591999053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4225544333457947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41528552770614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40858137607574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3647698163986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.253061980009079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.2294100821018219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.18075481057167053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14816632866859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67268981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30198","display_name":"Marsh","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12244010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/24/4010/pdf?version=1607487301","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9acabb536fc6440abdd3befbd33d717e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9acabb536fc6440abdd3befbd33d717e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 24, p 4010 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/24/4010/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 24; Pages: 4010","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12244010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244010","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/24/4010/pdf?version=1607487301","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4487052732","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41971382, 31470519","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5903078119","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201806860050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6311851735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"164320H116)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","funder_display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3111224674.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1194204893","https://openalex.org/W1541774929","https://openalex.org/W1831050183","https://openalex.org/W1892914854","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1974428179","https://openalex.org/W1979532661","https://openalex.org/W1993365566","https://openalex.org/W2036389990","https://openalex.org/W2043655847","https://openalex.org/W2047716281","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2068665397","https://openalex.org/W2072381293","https://openalex.org/W2123958887","https://openalex.org/W2124431629","https://openalex.org/W2125313734","https://openalex.org/W2131651374","https://openalex.org/W2134510195","https://openalex.org/W2139416101","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2162081314","https://openalex.org/W2167787089","https://openalex.org/W2168231435","https://openalex.org/W2188679879","https://openalex.org/W2405328530","https://openalex.org/W2408996602","https://openalex.org/W2518011816","https://openalex.org/W2521658442","https://openalex.org/W2551462175","https://openalex.org/W2555102119","https://openalex.org/W2564563592","https://openalex.org/W2584156879","https://openalex.org/W2595431799","https://openalex.org/W2598320237","https://openalex.org/W2618046395","https://openalex.org/W2618777245","https://openalex.org/W2768058016","https://openalex.org/W2770654566","https://openalex.org/W2782397440","https://openalex.org/W2787804508","https://openalex.org/W2795780933","https://openalex.org/W2797446964","https://openalex.org/W2804043600","https://openalex.org/W2808201777","https://openalex.org/W2893127089","https://openalex.org/W2898472498","https://openalex.org/W2903477188","https://openalex.org/W2911311508","https://openalex.org/W2913586827","https://openalex.org/W2939104056","https://openalex.org/W2945150349","https://openalex.org/W2954538752","https://openalex.org/W2968913340","https://openalex.org/W2969945043","https://openalex.org/W3010665853","https://openalex.org/W3011566002","https://openalex.org/W3018528632","https://openalex.org/W3038052368","https://openalex.org/W3087890773","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6639428185","https://openalex.org/W6684902628","https://openalex.org/W6726339144"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392313854","https://openalex.org/W2358963965","https://openalex.org/W2372685457","https://openalex.org/W2003535337","https://openalex.org/W2066188060","https://openalex.org/W4231576762","https://openalex.org/W2807886351","https://openalex.org/W2350647484","https://openalex.org/W2359947241","https://openalex.org/W1805279035"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spartina":[0],"alterniflora":[1,23,66,160,298],"(S.":[2],"alterniflora)":[3],"is":[4,25,56],"one":[5],"of":[6,15,21,43,60,105,122,155,246,296],"the":[7,12,103,106,119,140,148,153,167,178,186,189,203,220,223,239,266,281,294,303],"worst":[8],"plant":[9,318],"invaders":[10],"in":[11,85,109,118,139,158,185,238],"coastal":[13],"wetlands":[14],"China.":[16],"Accurate":[17],"and":[18,67,116,152,255,263,268,271,276,302],"repeatable":[19],"mapping":[20,38,295],"S.":[22,65,99,159,297],"invasion":[24],"essential":[26],"to":[27,51,97,208,280,311],"develop":[28],"cost-effective":[29],"management":[30],"strategies":[31],"for":[32,45,143,265,278,293,316],"conserving":[33],"native":[34,70],"biodiversity.":[35],"Traditional":[36],"remote-sensing-based":[37],"methods":[39],"require":[40],"a":[41,75,129,193,209,213,290,308],"lot":[42],"fieldwork":[44],"sample":[46],"collection.":[47],"Moreover,":[48,188],"our":[49,286],"ability":[50],"detect":[52,98],"this":[53],"invasive":[54,317],"species":[55],"still":[57],"limited":[58],"because":[59],"poor":[61],"spectral":[62],"separability":[63],"between":[64],"its":[68],"co-dominant":[69],"plants.":[71],"Therefore,":[72],"we":[73],"proposed":[74],"novel":[76],"scheme":[77,288],"that":[78,285],"uses":[79],"an":[80],"ensemble":[81],"one-class":[82],"classifier":[83,132],"(EOCC)":[84],"combination":[86],"with":[87,177,197,219],"phenological":[88,150,156,221,241],"Normalized":[89],"Difference":[90],"Vegetation":[91],"Index":[92],"(NDVI)":[93],"time-series":[94],"analysis":[95,114],"(TSA)":[96],"alterniflora.":[100],"We":[101],"evaluated":[102],"performance":[104],"EOCC":[107,168,190,224,304],"algorithm":[108,191,225,305],"two":[110,141],"scenarios,":[111,147],"i.e.,":[112],"single-scene":[113],"(SSA)":[115],"NDVI-TSA":[117,157],"core":[120],"zones":[121],"Yancheng":[123],"National":[124],"Natural":[125],"Reserve":[126],"(YNNR).":[127],"Meanwhile,":[128],"fully":[130],"supervised":[131,313],"support":[133],"vector":[134],"machine":[135],"(SVM)":[136],"was":[137],"tested":[138],"scenarios":[142],"comparison.":[144],"With":[145],"these":[146],"crucial":[149],"stages":[151],"advantage":[154],"recognition":[161],"were":[162,260,273],"also":[163],"investigated.":[164],"Results":[165],"indicated":[166],"using":[169],"only":[170],"positive":[171],"training":[172,183],"data":[173,184],"performed":[174,237],"similarly":[175],"well":[176],"SVM":[179,204],"trained":[180],"on":[181],"complete":[182],"YNNR.":[187],"presented":[192,226],"more":[194,227],"robust":[195],"transferability":[196,234,279],"notably":[198],"higher":[199],"classification":[200,314],"accuracy":[201,252],"than":[202,235],"when":[205,217],"being":[206],"transferred":[207],"second":[210,214],"site,":[211],"without":[212],"training.":[215],"Furthermore,":[216],"combined":[218],"NDVI-TSA,":[222],"balanced":[228],"sensitivity\u2013specificity":[229],"result,":[230],"showing":[231],"slightly":[232],"better":[233],"it":[236],"best":[240],"stage":[242,245],"(i.e.,":[243],"senescence":[244],"November).":[247],"The":[248],"achieved":[249],"results":[250],"(overall":[251],"(OA),":[253],"Kappa,":[254,270],"true":[256],"skill":[257],"statistic":[258],"(TSS)":[259],"92.92%,":[261],"0.843,":[262],"0.834":[264],"YNNR,":[267],"OA,":[269],"TSS":[272],"90.94%,":[274],"0.815,":[275],"0.825":[277],"non-training":[282],"site)":[283],"suggest":[284],"detection":[287],"has":[289],"high":[291],"potential":[292],"across":[299],"different":[300],"areas,":[301],"can":[306],"be":[307],"viable":[309],"alternative":[310],"traditional":[312],"method":[315],"detection.":[319]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
