{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3109337433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","title":"Intelligent Ship Detection in Remote Sensing Images Based on Multi-Layer Convolutional Feature Fusion","display_name":"Intelligent Ship Detection in Remote Sensing Images Based on Multi-Layer Convolutional Feature Fusion","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3109337433","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","mag":"3109337433"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12203316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3316/pdf?version=1602591188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3316/pdf?version=1602591188","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102995044","display_name":"Yulian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6085-858X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079018139","display_name":"Lihong Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-7878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lihong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zengfa Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zengfa Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458535","display_name":"Yang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1972-6496"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461515","display_name":"Xinwei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-3395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065162054","display_name":"Fang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4260-7911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088164","display_name":"Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/012rct222","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088164","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079018139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210088164"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.875,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92609846,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"20","first_page":"3316","last_page":"3316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.815340518951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6400808095932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5705245733261108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5457888841629028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5042887926101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4915221631526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4858402907848358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4520166516304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4423294961452484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4420319199562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.11871445178985596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.815340518951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6400808095932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5705245733261108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5457888841629028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5042887926101685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4915221631526947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4858402907848358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4520166516304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4423294961452484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4420319199562073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.11871445178985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12203316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3316/pdf?version=1602591188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a189389a7e0342c1afa87e8ae5a92b50","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a189389a7e0342c1afa87e8ae5a92b50","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 20, p 3316 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/20/3316/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 20; Pages: 3316","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12203316","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203316","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/20/3316/pdf?version=1602591188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6662735565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61977059","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109337433.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3109337433.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2064094295","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2146103513","https://openalex.org/W2153094283","https://openalex.org/W2176924101","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2288813766","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2570343428","https://openalex.org/W2596326966","https://openalex.org/W2597117158","https://openalex.org/W2788202095","https://openalex.org/W2791979332","https://openalex.org/W2793141496","https://openalex.org/W2898853710","https://openalex.org/W2904480641","https://openalex.org/W2912149700","https://openalex.org/W2912834795","https://openalex.org/W2914281074","https://openalex.org/W2928870406","https://openalex.org/W2930863922","https://openalex.org/W2931790542","https://openalex.org/W2935079508","https://openalex.org/W2946578259","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963474687","https://openalex.org/W2972838552","https://openalex.org/W3000097815","https://openalex.org/W3011481750","https://openalex.org/W3023821242","https://openalex.org/W3045692700","https://openalex.org/W3099008583","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6647720530","https://openalex.org/W6680437723","https://openalex.org/W6761047673","https://openalex.org/W6772109115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560215812","https://openalex.org/W2949601986","https://openalex.org/W2788972299","https://openalex.org/W2521347458","https://openalex.org/W2498789492","https://openalex.org/W2729981612","https://openalex.org/W4233449973","https://openalex.org/W2990636717","https://openalex.org/W2972212393","https://openalex.org/W1996690921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"detection":[1,57,68,149,182,196,294,319,328],"and":[2,18,45,102,108,148,163,209,241,259,309],"recognition":[3],"of":[4,71,86,151,170,256,306,326],"ships":[5,26,169],"from":[6,117,123,206,212],"high-resolution":[7],"remote":[8,198,331],"sensing":[9,199,332],"images":[10,200,205,211,236],"is":[11,22,80,91,104,127,141,184,265,280,296],"an":[12],"extraordinarily":[13],"useful":[14],"task":[15],"in":[16,35,197,298,304,329],"civil":[17],"military":[19],"reconnaissance.":[20],"It":[21],"difficult":[23],"to":[24,82,106,143,168,232,267,282],"detect":[25],"with":[27,120,133,300],"high":[28],"precision":[29,307],"because":[30],"various":[31,233],"disturbances":[32],"are":[33,159,243],"present":[34],"the":[36,75,95,111,137,145,174,181,188,230,254,272,284,301,317,323],"sea":[37,234,273],"such":[38],"as":[39],"clouds,":[40],"mist,":[41],"islands,":[42],"coastlines,":[43],"ripples,":[44],"so":[46,93],"on.":[47],"To":[48,228,252],"solve":[49,268],"this":[50],"problem,":[51],"we":[52,190],"propose":[53],"a":[54,178,192,261],"novel":[55],"ship":[56,67,84,131,195,327],"network":[58,69,79,113],"based":[59],"on":[60,271],"multi-layer":[61],"convolutional":[62,76],"feature":[63,77,157],"fusion":[64],"(CFF-SDN).":[65],"Our":[66],"consists":[70],"three":[72],"parts.":[73],"Firstly,":[74],"extraction":[78],"used":[81,160],"extract":[83],"features":[85,116,122],"different":[87,134,238],"levels.":[88],"Residual":[89],"connection":[90],"introduced":[92,281],"that":[94,316],"model":[96,176,320],"can":[97,166,321],"be":[98],"designed":[99],"very":[100],"deeply,":[101],"it":[103,140],"easy":[105],"train":[107],"converge.":[109],"Secondly,":[110],"proposed":[112,318],"fuses":[114],"fine-grained":[115],"shallow":[118],"layers":[119],"semantic":[121],"deep":[124],"layers,":[125],"which":[126,165],"beneficial":[128],"for":[129,161,194,287],"detecting":[130],"targets":[132],"sizes.":[135],"At":[136],"same":[138],"time,":[139],"helpful":[142],"improve":[144,229],"localization":[146],"accuracy":[147,150],"small":[152],"objects.":[153],"Finally,":[154],"multiple":[155,171],"fused":[156],"maps":[158],"classification":[162],"regression,":[164],"adapt":[167],"scales.":[172],"Since":[173],"CFF-SDN":[175],"uses":[177],"pruning":[179],"strategy,":[180],"speed":[183],"greatly":[185],"improved.":[186],"In":[187,291],"experiment,":[189],"create":[191],"dataset":[193,217],"(DSDR),":[201],"including":[202],"actual":[203],"satellite":[204],"Google":[207],"Earth":[208],"aerial":[210],"electro-optical":[213],"pod.":[214],"The":[215,312],"DSDR":[216],"contains":[218],"not":[219],"only":[220],"visible":[221],"light":[222],"images,":[223],"but":[224],"also":[225],"infrared":[226],"images.":[227],"robustness":[231],"scenes,":[235],"under":[237],"scales,":[239],"perspectives":[240],"illumination":[242],"obtained":[244],"through":[245],"data":[246],"augmentation":[247],"or":[248],"affine":[249],"transformation":[250],"methods.":[251],"reduce":[253],"influence":[255],"atmospheric":[257,269],"absorption":[258],"scattering,":[260],"dark":[262],"channel":[263],"prior":[264],"adopted":[266],"correction":[270],"scenes.":[274],"Moreover,":[275],"soft":[276],"non-maximum":[277],"suppression":[278],"(NMS)":[279],"increase":[283],"recall":[285,310],"rate":[286,308],"densely":[288],"arranged":[289],"ships.":[290],"addition,":[292],"better":[293],"performance":[295,325],"observed":[297],"comparison":[299],"existing":[302],"models":[303],"terms":[305],"rate.":[311],"experimental":[313],"results":[314],"show":[315],"achieve":[322],"superior":[324],"optical":[330],"image.":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}