{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3092463355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","title":"Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Response to Mining Activities in Resource Regions of Northwestern China","display_name":"Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Response to Mining Activities in Resource Regions of Northwestern China","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3092463355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","mag":"3092463355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12193247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/19/3247/pdf?version=1602248168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/19/3247/pdf?version=1602248168","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022963005","display_name":"Hanting Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1536-5958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanting Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048909361","display_name":"Miaomiao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-3190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150907","display_name":"Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05qh2mm74","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210150907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miaomiao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the PRC, Guanying Yuan West 37, Beijing 100035, China","School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources of the PRC, Guanying Yuan West 37, Beijing 100035, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150907","https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100371082","display_name":"Huihui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7744-0667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huihui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026492211","display_name":"Shaoling Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-3091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoling Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101657361","display_name":"Meng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2888-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3125743391","display_name":"China University of Geosciences (Beijing)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q6c7p66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Xueyuan Road 29, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3125743391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048909361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I3125743391","https://openalex.org/I4210150907"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.3912,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93296401,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"19","first_page":"3247","last_page":"3247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.7610379457473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.601335883140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5718272924423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-heterogeneity","display_name":"Spatial heterogeneity","score":0.5630168914794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.523478627204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5197207927703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.516711950302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-spatial-pattern","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","score":0.4171912670135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"Spatial variability","score":0.4130551517009735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.32712799310684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.22157332301139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.1781066358089447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.7610379457473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.601335883140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5718272924423218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180478619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574066","display_name":"Spatial heterogeneity","level":2,"score":0.5630168914794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.523478627204895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5197207927703857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.516711950302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153620","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","level":2,"score":0.4171912670135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.4130551517009735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32712799310684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.22157332301139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.1781066358089447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12193247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/19/3247/pdf?version=1602248168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:eb85bdb01843463c951f6b3354dcf3a6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/eb85bdb01843463c951f6b3354dcf3a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 19, p 3247 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/19/3247/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12193247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12193247","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/19/3247/pdf?version=1602248168","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092463355.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3092463355.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1112422970","https://openalex.org/W1520395287","https://openalex.org/W1646438878","https://openalex.org/W1662323679","https://openalex.org/W1967172607","https://openalex.org/W1967223411","https://openalex.org/W1979916860","https://openalex.org/W1984731460","https://openalex.org/W1990576660","https://openalex.org/W2007818389","https://openalex.org/W2011688956","https://openalex.org/W2017632317","https://openalex.org/W2018764772","https://openalex.org/W2037429550","https://openalex.org/W2042711216","https://openalex.org/W2045066934","https://openalex.org/W2071936897","https://openalex.org/W2083630184","https://openalex.org/W2100561985","https://openalex.org/W2114205043","https://openalex.org/W2124379907","https://openalex.org/W2144423540","https://openalex.org/W2151454884","https://openalex.org/W2262923216","https://openalex.org/W2290611432","https://openalex.org/W2311821421","https://openalex.org/W2315482120","https://openalex.org/W2318680928","https://openalex.org/W2336426693","https://openalex.org/W2353669230","https://openalex.org/W2374405676","https://openalex.org/W2468435782","https://openalex.org/W2508222022","https://openalex.org/W2522754627","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2728759412","https://openalex.org/W2733098106","https://openalex.org/W2747885016","https://openalex.org/W2790968535","https://openalex.org/W2797034953","https://openalex.org/W2808298606","https://openalex.org/W2808585293","https://openalex.org/W2845599533","https://openalex.org/W2897028514","https://openalex.org/W2900541403","https://openalex.org/W2904884829","https://openalex.org/W2916939435","https://openalex.org/W2918937583","https://openalex.org/W2919570767","https://openalex.org/W2923109764","https://openalex.org/W2926791582","https://openalex.org/W2938854432","https://openalex.org/W2938908453","https://openalex.org/W2943252038","https://openalex.org/W2949100704","https://openalex.org/W2950517483","https://openalex.org/W2953356365","https://openalex.org/W2980882533","https://openalex.org/W2983076082","https://openalex.org/W2985177379","https://openalex.org/W2985710233","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W2996251762","https://openalex.org/W2996541021","https://openalex.org/W2999008985","https://openalex.org/W3001926353","https://openalex.org/W3004980369","https://openalex.org/W3005823191","https://openalex.org/W3010388857","https://openalex.org/W3013441028","https://openalex.org/W3021807464","https://openalex.org/W3022226363","https://openalex.org/W3027651441","https://openalex.org/W3035884367","https://openalex.org/W3043463030","https://openalex.org/W3045281143","https://openalex.org/W4231042782","https://openalex.org/W6752544680","https://openalex.org/W6772996523","https://openalex.org/W6776623817"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348552626","https://openalex.org/W2355488883","https://openalex.org/W2366445832","https://openalex.org/W2383931479","https://openalex.org/W2354809762","https://openalex.org/W2358015382","https://openalex.org/W2367916024","https://openalex.org/W2372725984","https://openalex.org/W2380978470","https://openalex.org/W2371127403"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aggregated":[0],"mining":[1,41,48,94,135,159,184,209,224],"development":[2,49,95],"has":[3],"direct":[4],"and":[5,47,63,79,107,134,150,197,223],"indirect":[6],"impacts":[7],"on":[8,144,168],"vegetation":[9,38,45,115,145,169,198],"changes.":[10],"This":[11],"impact":[12],"shows":[13],"spatial":[14,35],"differences":[15],"due":[16,98],"to":[17,40,84,99,158,172,178,202],"the":[18,34,80,117,128,151,175,179,187,203,207,212],"complex":[19],"influence":[20,140,164],"of":[21,37,69,87,93,114,123,131,139,163,183,206],"multiple":[22,132,166],"mines,":[23],"which":[24],"is":[25],"a":[26,51,85],"common":[27],"issue":[28],"in":[29,65,103,116,127],"resource":[30,67],"regions.":[31],"To":[32],"estimate":[33],"heterogeneity":[36],"response":[39],"activities,":[42],"we":[43],"coupled":[44],"changes":[46,73,199],"through":[50],"geographically":[52],"weighted":[53],"regression":[54],"(GWR)":[55],"model":[56],"for":[57,141,165,220],"three":[58],"cumulative":[59],"periods":[60],"between":[61,195],"1999":[62],"2018":[64],"integrated":[66],"regions":[68],"northwestern":[70],"China.":[71],"Vegetation":[72],"were":[74],"monitored":[75],"by":[76,147,155,191],"Sen\u2019s":[77],"slope":[78],"Mann\u2013Kendall":[81],"test":[82],"according":[83,201],"total":[86,208],"72":[88],"Landsat":[89],"images.":[90],"Spatial":[91],"distribution":[92],"was":[96],"quantified,":[97],"four":[100],"land-use":[101],"maps":[102],"2000,":[104],"2005,":[105],"2010,":[106],"2017.":[108],"The":[109,137,161,193],"results":[110],"showed":[111],"that":[112],"80%":[113],"study":[118],"area":[119],"experienced":[120],"different":[121],"degrees":[122],"degradation,":[124],"more":[125],"serious":[126],"overlapping":[129,181],"areas":[130,182],"mines":[133,143,167],"areas.":[136,160,210],"scope":[138,162],"single":[142],"shrunk":[146],"about":[148],"48%,":[149],"mean":[152,188],"coefficients":[153,189],"increased":[154,190],"20%,":[156],"closer":[157],"gradually":[170],"expanded":[171],"86%":[173],"from":[174],"outer":[176],"edge":[177],"inner":[180],"areas,":[185],"where":[186],"92%.":[192],"correlation":[194],"elevation":[196,205],"varied":[200],"average":[204],"Ultimately,":[211],"available":[213],"ecological":[214],"remediation":[215],"should":[216],"be":[217],"systematically":[218],"considered":[219],"local":[221],"conditions":[222],"consequences.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-10T14:10:52.464848","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}