{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088816749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","title":"Adaptive Geoparsing Method for Toponym Recognition and Resolution in Unstructured Text","display_name":"Adaptive Geoparsing Method for Toponym Recognition and Resolution in Unstructured Text","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088816749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","mag":"3088816749"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3041/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3041/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046829835","display_name":"Edwin Aldana-Bobadilla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68368234","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/009eqmr18","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560","https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edwin Aldana-Bobadilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Conacyt-Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (Cinvestav), Victoria 87130, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8315-1813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Conacyt-Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (Cinvestav), Victoria 87130, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058452665","display_name":"Alejandro Molina-Villegas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-8844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163111","display_name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/059ex5q34","country_code":"MX","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163111"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Molina-Villegas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Conacyt-Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de Informaci\u00f3n Geoespacial (Centrogeo), M\u00e9rida 97302, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9398-8844","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Conacyt-Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de Informaci\u00f3n Geoespacial (Centrogeo), M\u00e9rida 97302, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082731563","display_name":"Iv\u00e1n L\u00f3pez-Ar\u00e9valo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-8438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68368234","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/009eqmr18","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560","https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivan Lopez-Arevalo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. Unidad Tamaulipas (Cinvestav Tamaulipas), Victoria 87130, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-8438","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. Unidad Tamaulipas (Cinvestav Tamaulipas), Victoria 87130, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075973893","display_name":"Shanel Reyes-Palacios","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68368234","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/009eqmr18","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59361560","https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanel Reyes-Palacios","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. Unidad Tamaulipas (Cinvestav Tamaulipas), Victoria 87130, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. Unidad Tamaulipas (Cinvestav Tamaulipas), Victoria 87130, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68368234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025690341","display_name":"V\u00edctor Mu\u00f1iz-S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4810-3714"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124618812","display_name":"Mathematics Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nhmp827","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124618812"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Mu\u00f1iz-Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Matem\u00e1ticas (Cimat), Monterrey 66628, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4810-3714","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Matem\u00e1ticas (Cimat), Monterrey 66628, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124618812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081206781","display_name":"Jean Arreola-Trapala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124618812","display_name":"Mathematics Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02nhmp827","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124618812"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Arreola-Trapala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Matem\u00e1ticas (Cimat), Monterrey 66628, Mexico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Matem\u00e1ticas (Cimat), Monterrey 66628, Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124618812"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046829835"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68368234"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":8.7591,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97588936,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"18","first_page":"3041","last_page":"3041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8579680919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.6157634258270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5558510422706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5506396889686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closeness","display_name":"Closeness","score":0.5345306396484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5238399505615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5096547603607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5057389736175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45048826932907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4212883710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3899478018283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.112222820520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.08571559190750122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8579680919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.6157634258270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5558510422706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5506396889686584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.5345306396484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5238399505615234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5096547603607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5057389736175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45048826932907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4212883710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3899478018283844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.112222820520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.08571559190750122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3041/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2a94e8c05d16492f856aa3ed81fb4916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2a94e8c05d16492f856aa3ed81fb4916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 3041 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/18/3041/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 18; Pages: 3041","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183041","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183041","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3041/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3088816749.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3088816749.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55204438","https://openalex.org/W60563271","https://openalex.org/W1513463263","https://openalex.org/W1854214752","https://openalex.org/W1966415964","https://openalex.org/W1995855646","https://openalex.org/W2006027035","https://openalex.org/W2014016288","https://openalex.org/W2036352651","https://openalex.org/W2039208890","https://openalex.org/W2057061920","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2089039694","https://openalex.org/W2101181077","https://openalex.org/W2126582631","https://openalex.org/W2162407175","https://openalex.org/W2166887838","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2519635852","https://openalex.org/W2597836142","https://openalex.org/W2736486661","https://openalex.org/W2786972369","https://openalex.org/W2796495817","https://openalex.org/W2807251622","https://openalex.org/W2909828422","https://openalex.org/W2963941405","https://openalex.org/W2972383291","https://openalex.org/W2973619314","https://openalex.org/W2979534921","https://openalex.org/W2988560433","https://openalex.org/W2997900951","https://openalex.org/W2998098272","https://openalex.org/W3035625205","https://openalex.org/W6602515118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156910174","https://openalex.org/W1995054232","https://openalex.org/W2011510925","https://openalex.org/W1557920161","https://openalex.org/W1556709767","https://openalex.org/W1993023208","https://openalex.org/W4291020658","https://openalex.org/W2593813644","https://openalex.org/W2061476331","https://openalex.org/W2151215270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40,69],"automatic":[1],"extraction":[2],"of":[3,10,16,62,73,139,168,174,187,196,218,224,232],"geospatial":[4],"information":[5,19],"is":[6,56],"an":[7,95,126,166,180],"important":[8,32],"aspect":[9],"data":[11],"mining.":[12],"Computer":[13],"systems":[14],"capable":[15],"discovering":[17],"geographic":[18,34,67,100,172,228],"from":[20],"natural":[21],"language":[22],"involve":[23],"a":[24,47,54,60,105,133,137,148,154,162,185,197],"complex":[25],"process":[26,85],"called":[27,116,227],"geoparsing,":[28],"which":[29,52,136,153],"includes":[30],"two":[31],"tasks:":[33],"entity":[35,101],"recognition":[36,102,216],"and":[37,109,193,221],"toponym":[38],"resolution.":[39],"first":[41],"task":[42,71],"could":[43,144],"be":[44,145],"approached":[45],"through":[46],"machine":[48],"learning":[49],"approach,":[50],"in":[51,125,135,147],"case":[53],"model":[55,108],"trained":[57],"to":[58,66,77,151,190,213],"recognize":[59],"sequence":[61],"characters":[63],"(words)":[64],"corresponding":[65],"entities.":[68],"second":[70],"consists":[72],"assigning":[74],"such":[75],"entities":[76],"their":[78],"most":[79,170],"likely":[80,171],"coordinates.":[81],"Frequently,":[82],"the":[83,159,169,175,191,215,222],"latter":[84],"involves":[86],"solving":[87],"referential":[88],"ambiguities.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91,201],"paper,":[92],"we":[93,114,164,226],"propose":[94,179],"extensible":[96],"geoparsing":[97],"approach":[98],"including":[99],"based":[103,111,183],"on":[104,112,184],"neural":[106],"network":[107],"disambiguation":[110],"what":[113,225],"have":[115,165],"dynamic":[117],"context":[118],"disambiguation.":[119],"Once":[120],"place":[121,198,219],"names":[122,220],"are":[123,130],"recognized":[124,176],"input":[127],"text,":[128],"they":[129],"solved":[131],"using":[132],"grammar,":[134],"set":[138],"rules":[140],"specifies":[141],"how":[142],"ambiguities":[143],"solved,":[146],"similar":[149],"way":[150],"that":[152],"person":[155],"would":[156],"utilize,":[157],"considering":[158],"context.":[160],"As":[161],"result,":[163],"assignment":[167],"properties":[173],"places.":[177],"We":[178,208],"assessment":[181,211],"measure":[182],"ranking":[186],"closeness":[188],"relative":[189],"predicted":[192],"actual":[194],"locations":[195],"name.":[199],"Regarding":[200],"measure,":[202],"our":[203],"method":[204],"outperforms":[205],"OpenStreetMap":[206],"Nominatim.":[207],"include":[209],"other":[210],"measures":[212],"assess":[214],"ability":[217],"prediction":[223],"levels":[229],"(administrative":[230],"jurisdiction":[231],"places).":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2020-10-01T00:00:00"}
