{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3089863448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","title":"Classification of Australian Waterbodies across a Wide Range of Optical Water Types","display_name":"Classification of Australian Waterbodies across a Wide Range of Optical Water Types","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3089863448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","mag":"3089863448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3018/pdf?version=1600401541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3018/pdf?version=1600401541","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052942497","display_name":"Elizabeth Botha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-5373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281210470","display_name":"CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere","ror":"https://ror.org/026nh4520","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281210470","https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth J. Botha","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-5373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281210470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050426279","display_name":"Janet Anstee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-9630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1281210470","display_name":"CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere","ror":"https://ror.org/026nh4520","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1281210470","https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet M. Anstee","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-9630","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281210470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103061683","display_name":"Stephen Sagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-9661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331816111","display_name":"Geoscience Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/04ge02x20","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Sagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience Australia, Symonston, ACT 2601, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-9661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience Australia, Symonston, ACT 2601, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087077112","display_name":"Eric Lehmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-9551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO Data61, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-9551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO Data61, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088663032","display_name":"Thais Andrade Galv\u00e3o de Medeiros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-4788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80849659","display_name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais","ror":"https://ror.org/04xbn6x09","country_code":"BR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151455","https://openalex.org/I80849659"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thais A. G. Medeiros","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Remote Sensing Division, Av. dos Astronautas 1758, S\u00e3o Jose dos Campos 12227-010, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5583-4788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Remote Sensing Division, Av. dos Astronautas 1758, S\u00e3o Jose dos Campos 12227-010, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80849659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052942497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1281210470"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.8,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8953908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"18","first_page":"3018","last_page":"3018"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9715999960899353,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10230","display_name":"Marine and fisheries research","score":0.9320999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6355007886886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"Water quality","score":0.5449144244194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4680955708026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.3334307372570038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.26120835542678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.19356432557106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1910628378391266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6355007886886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.5449144244194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4680955708026886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3334307372570038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26120835542678833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.19356432557106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1910628378391266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3018/pdf?version=1600401541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a51c55308e874c49836280c8add569a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a51c55308e874c49836280c8add569a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 3018 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/18/3018/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 18; Pages: 3018","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:urlib.net:sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21c/2020/12.02.13.53.34-0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21c/2020/12.02.13.53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196298","display_name":"Biblioteca Digital da Mem\u00f3ria Cient\u00edfica do INPE (National Institute for Space Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80849659","host_organization_name":"Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80849659"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183018","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183018","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3018/pdf?version=1600401541","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320386","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3089863448.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3089863448.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1822546162","https://openalex.org/W1913780692","https://openalex.org/W1965038887","https://openalex.org/W1969753304","https://openalex.org/W1972460943","https://openalex.org/W1976088415","https://openalex.org/W1976554399","https://openalex.org/W1982982210","https://openalex.org/W1984570510","https://openalex.org/W1986142393","https://openalex.org/W1986667913","https://openalex.org/W1988644985","https://openalex.org/W1992419399","https://openalex.org/W1992604474","https://openalex.org/W1993178254","https://openalex.org/W1994965132","https://openalex.org/W1994978704","https://openalex.org/W1995106395","https://openalex.org/W1995811252","https://openalex.org/W1997488734","https://openalex.org/W2001720788","https://openalex.org/W2004099009","https://openalex.org/W2005466850","https://openalex.org/W2005489413","https://openalex.org/W2013305213","https://openalex.org/W2016381774","https://openalex.org/W2017900475","https://openalex.org/W2018693664","https://openalex.org/W2021237285","https://openalex.org/W2023544578","https://openalex.org/W2028240797","https://openalex.org/W2030728106","https://openalex.org/W2037675284","https://openalex.org/W2040455090","https://openalex.org/W2046639237","https://openalex.org/W2047549267","https://openalex.org/W2050409065","https://openalex.org/W2050439143","https://openalex.org/W2053079522","https://openalex.org/W2055381602","https://openalex.org/W2056003716","https://openalex.org/W2061522318","https://openalex.org/W2070030785","https://openalex.org/W2070665440","https://openalex.org/W2081892573","https://openalex.org/W2098457997","https://openalex.org/W2099192465","https://openalex.org/W2107205921","https://openalex.org/W2108427775","https://openalex.org/W2120786064","https://openalex.org/W2122269389","https://openalex.org/W2146547495","https://openalex.org/W2149876895","https://openalex.org/W2154085596","https://openalex.org/W2166251851","https://openalex.org/W2171858547","https://openalex.org/W2172000864","https://openalex.org/W2179843978","https://openalex.org/W2236111634","https://openalex.org/W2280635672","https://openalex.org/W2342159868","https://openalex.org/W2342232912","https://openalex.org/W2402989073","https://openalex.org/W2418991298","https://openalex.org/W2605433586","https://openalex.org/W2610967008","https://openalex.org/W2764084117","https://openalex.org/W2800570203","https://openalex.org/W2883208022","https://openalex.org/W2885291290","https://openalex.org/W2901469020","https://openalex.org/W2919067588","https://openalex.org/W2992498399","https://openalex.org/W3146205005","https://openalex.org/W4233257187","https://openalex.org/W4235145261","https://openalex.org/W6655847459","https://openalex.org/W6662976981"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360298601","https://openalex.org/W2374021052","https://openalex.org/W2129907763","https://openalex.org/W2360606605","https://openalex.org/W2371680562","https://openalex.org/W4281621378","https://openalex.org/W2765512051","https://openalex.org/W2375588336","https://openalex.org/W2374666259","https://openalex.org/W2001600934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Baseline":[0],"determination":[1],"and":[2,16,61,72,79,135,142,152,192],"operational":[3],"continental":[4,62],"scale":[5],"monitoring":[6],"of":[7,32,36,49,52,75,156,179,196],"water":[8,18,67,119,139,198],"quality":[9],"are":[10],"required":[11],"for":[12],"reporting":[13],"on":[14],"marine":[15],"inland":[17,101],"progress":[19],"to":[20,28,43,98,108,162,173,186],"Sustainable":[21],"Development":[22],"Goals":[23],"(SDG).":[24],"This":[25,183],"study":[26],"aims":[27],"improve":[29],"our":[30],"knowledge":[31],"the":[33,45,76,144,190,194],"optical":[34,66,83],"complexity":[35],"Australian":[37,59,181],"waters.":[38,182],"A":[39],"workflow":[40],"was":[41],"developed":[42],"cluster":[44],"modelled":[46,77,80],"spectral":[47],"response":[48],"a":[50,175],"range":[51],"in":[53,58,89,121,125,138,165,199],"situ":[54,166],"bio-optical":[55,167],"observations":[56,114,158],"collected":[57],"coastal":[60,96],"waters":[63,97],"into":[64],"distinct":[65],"types":[68,140],"(OWTs).":[69],"Following":[70],"clustering":[71],"merging,":[73],"most":[74],"spectra":[78],"specific":[81],"inherent":[82],"properties":[84],"(SIOP)":[85],"sets":[86],"were":[87,106],"clustered":[88],"11":[90],"OWTs,":[91],"ranging":[92],"from":[93],"clear":[94,133],"blue":[95],"very":[99],"turbid":[100],"lakes.":[102],"The":[103,128],"resulting":[104],"OWTs":[105],"used":[107,161],"classify":[109],"Sentinel-2":[110],"MSI":[111],"surface":[112],"reflectance":[113],"extracted":[115],"over":[116],"relatively":[117],"permanent":[118],"bodies":[120],"three":[122],"drainage":[123,145],"regions":[124],"Eastern":[126],"Australia.":[127],"satellite":[129],"data":[130,168],"classification":[131],"demonstrated":[132],"limnological":[134],"seasonal":[136],"differences":[137],"within":[141],"between":[143],"divisions":[146],"congruent":[147],"with":[148],"general":[149],"limnological,":[150],"topographical,":[151],"climatological":[153],"factors.":[154],"Locations":[155],"unclassified":[157],"can":[159,184],"be":[160,171],"inform":[163],"where":[164],"acquisition":[169],"may":[170],"targeted":[172],"capture":[174],"more":[176],"comprehensive":[177],"characterization":[178],"all":[180],"contribute":[185],"global":[187,200],"initiatives":[188],"like":[189],"SDGs":[191],"increases":[193],"diversity":[195],"natural":[197],"databases.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-03T09:05:47.796612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}