{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091374042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","title":"Comparison of Different Missing-Imputation Methods for MAIAC (Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction) AOD in Estimating Daily PM2.5 Levels","display_name":"Comparison of Different Missing-Imputation Methods for MAIAC (Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction) AOD in Estimating Daily PM2.5 Levels","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091374042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","mag":"3091374042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3008/pdf?version=1600252188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3008/pdf?version=1600252188","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009826575","display_name":"Zhaoyue Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-7998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58200834","display_name":"Southern Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vjw4z39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao-Yue Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia","State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-7998","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016376076","display_name":"Jie-Qi Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58200834","display_name":"Southern Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vjw4z39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie-Qi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451777","display_name":"Rong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9608-2650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100669569","display_name":"Tianhao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3456-8262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian-Hao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102705281","display_name":"Jinjian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-517X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Jian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035120060","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-4746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159948400","display_name":"Jinan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xe5ns62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-4746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159948400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101506716","display_name":"Chun\u2010Quan Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-7213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58200834","display_name":"Southern Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vjw4z39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Quan Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6866-7213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604759","display_name":"Yuming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1766-6592"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101506716"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58200834"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.1468,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87182463,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"18","first_page":"3008","last_page":"3008"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6275888681411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.5401526689529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imputation","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","score":0.4985785484313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrapolation","display_name":"Extrapolation","score":0.465585857629776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4209566116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.41925084590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3819923996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3192726969718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.28939035534858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.250969260931015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09582462906837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07800328731536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07256132364273071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6275888681411743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.5401526689529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58041806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660484","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","level":3,"score":0.4985785484313965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132459708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744069","display_name":"Extrapolation","level":2,"score":0.465585857629776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4209566116333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.41925084590911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3819923996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3192726969718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.28939035534858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.250969260931015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09582462906837463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07800328731536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07256132364273071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3008/pdf?version=1600252188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:monash.edu:openaire/272f0e89-0211-4174-b5a5-209685b964f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.monash.edu/en/publications/272f0e89-0211-4174-b5a5-209685b964f3","pdf_url":"https://researchmgt.monash.edu/ws/files/324987360/323450842_oa.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402625","display_name":"Monash University Research Portal (Monash University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","host_organization_name":"Monash University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Chen, Z-Y, Jin, J-Q, Zhang, R, Zhang, T-H, Chen, J-J, Yang, J, Ou, C-Q & Guo, Y 2020, 'Comparison of different missing-imputation methods for MAIAC (multiangle implementation of atmospheric correction) AOD in estimating daily PM 2.5 levels', Remote Sensing, vol. 12, no. 18, 3008. https://doi.org/10.3390/RS12183008","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dcb0101edc4d4829b10143eea6fd9ee6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dcb0101edc4d4829b10143eea6fd9ee6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 3008 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/18/3008/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12183008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12183008","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/18/3008/pdf?version=1600252188","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3115262868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APP1107107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334705","funder_display_name":"National Health and Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4161706199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81573249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6736604241","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"APP1107107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334705","display_name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/011kf5r70"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3091374042.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W590735017","https://openalex.org/W1558918611","https://openalex.org/W1831050183","https://openalex.org/W1965490222","https://openalex.org/W1975064981","https://openalex.org/W1976991085","https://openalex.org/W2011740524","https://openalex.org/W2018630616","https://openalex.org/W2027409234","https://openalex.org/W2031528200","https://openalex.org/W2047084930","https://openalex.org/W2048304242","https://openalex.org/W2067129339","https://openalex.org/W2067628060","https://openalex.org/W2077575796","https://openalex.org/W2084103053","https://openalex.org/W2101986715","https://openalex.org/W2102325988","https://openalex.org/W2107728147","https://openalex.org/W2109355306","https://openalex.org/W2111977010","https://openalex.org/W2125325727","https://openalex.org/W2129479849","https://openalex.org/W2140494000","https://openalex.org/W2284873887","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2314479789","https://openalex.org/W2323483937","https://openalex.org/W2464155520","https://openalex.org/W2519497602","https://openalex.org/W2525243525","https://openalex.org/W2559999825","https://openalex.org/W2567586762","https://openalex.org/W2607350314","https://openalex.org/W2742946820","https://openalex.org/W2767202706","https://openalex.org/W2776069591","https://openalex.org/W2794543278","https://openalex.org/W2804076223","https://openalex.org/W2804926452","https://openalex.org/W2811009165","https://openalex.org/W2890660608","https://openalex.org/W2900907778","https://openalex.org/W2903932790","https://openalex.org/W2910950772","https://openalex.org/W2912750253","https://openalex.org/W2913951244","https://openalex.org/W2922084453","https://openalex.org/W2991166003","https://openalex.org/W2996193080","https://openalex.org/W3122266031","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6633604892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2181530120","https://openalex.org/W4211215373","https://openalex.org/W2024529227","https://openalex.org/W2055961818","https://openalex.org/W2903115227","https://openalex.org/W1574575415","https://openalex.org/W3144172081","https://openalex.org/W3179858851","https://openalex.org/W3028371478","https://openalex.org/W2081476516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103,117],"immense":[1],"problem":[2],"of":[3,17,86,93,106,120,138,175,179,282],"missing":[4,267],"satellite":[5,76],"aerosol":[6,77],"retrievals":[7],"(Aerosol":[8],"Optical":[9],"Depth,":[10],"(AOD))":[11],"detrimentally":[12],"affects":[13],"the":[14,60,80,83,107,128,176,182,233,236,245,254,262,266,273,280],"prediction":[15],"ability":[16,263],"ground-level":[18],"PM2.5":[19,52,87,183,195,255,301],"concentrations":[20],"and":[21,46,65,100,164,212,224,230,276],"may":[22],"lead":[23],"to":[24,36,49,72,205,264,298],"unavoidable":[25],"biases.":[26],"An":[27],"appropriate":[28],"missing-imputation":[29],"method":[30],"has":[31],"not":[32],"been":[33],"well":[34],"developed":[35,40],"date.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39],"a":[41,91,134,270,295],"two-stage":[42],"approach":[43],"(AOD-imputation":[44],"stage":[45],"PM2.5-prediction":[47,81],"stage)":[48],"predict":[50],"short-term":[51],"exposure":[53,302],"in":[54,194,303],"mainland":[55],"China":[56],"from":[57],"2013\u20132018.":[58],"At":[59,79],"AOD-imputation":[61,129,234],"stage,":[62,82,130,185,235,257],"geostatistical":[63,141],"methods":[64,110,132,142],"machine":[66],"learning":[67],"(ML)":[68],"algorithms":[69,168],"were":[70,88,111],"examined":[71],"interpolate":[73],"1":[74,94],"km":[75],"retrievals.":[78],"daily":[84,300],"levels":[85],"predicted":[89,184,256],"at":[90,114],"resolution":[92],"km,":[95],"based":[96],"on":[97,125,241,250],"interpolated":[98,158,283],"AOD":[99,122,139,155,259,284],"meteorological":[101],"data.":[102],"statistical":[104],"performances":[105],"different":[108],"interpolation":[109,260],"comprehensively":[112],"compared":[113,204],"each":[115],"stage.":[116],"original":[118],"coverage":[119,136],"retrieved":[121],"was":[123,269,290],"15.46%":[124],"average.":[126],"For":[127,181,232,253],"ML":[131,145],"produced":[133,156],"higher":[135,192],"(98.64%)":[137],"than":[140,166],"(21.43\u201387.31%).":[143],"Among":[144],"algorithms,":[146],"random":[147],"forest":[148],"(RF)":[149],"or":[150,202,208],"extreme":[151],"gradient":[152],"boosted":[153],"(XG-interpolated)":[154],"better":[157,296],"quality":[159,281],"(CV":[160,197],"R2":[161,198,218],"=":[162,199,219],"0.89":[163],"0.85)":[165],"other":[167],"(0.49\u20130.78),":[169],"but":[170],"XGBoost":[171],"required":[172],"only":[173],"15%":[174],"computing":[177],"time":[178],"RF.":[180],"neither":[186],"RF-AOD":[187],"nor":[188],"XG-AOD":[189,293],"could":[190],"guarantee":[191],"accuracy":[193,247],"estimations":[196],"0.88":[200],"(RF":[201],"XG-AOD)":[203],"0.85":[206],"(original)),":[207],"more":[209,240,249],"stable":[210,274],"spatial":[211,275],"temporal":[213,277],"extrapolation":[214],"(spatial,":[215],"(temporal)":[216],"CV":[217],"0.83":[220],"(0.83),":[221],"0.82":[222],"(0.82),":[223],"0.65":[225],"(0.61)":[226],"for":[227,272],"RF,":[228],"XG,":[229],"original).":[231],"missing-filled":[237,246],"efficiency":[238],"depended":[239],"external":[242],"information,":[243],"while":[244,279],"relied":[248],"model":[251],"structure.":[252],"efficient":[258],"(or":[261],"eliminate":[265],"data)":[268],"precondition":[271],"extrapolation,":[278],"showed":[285],"less":[286],"significant":[287],"improvements.":[288],"It":[289],"found":[291],"that":[292],"is":[294],"choice":[297],"estimate":[299],"health":[304],"assessments.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2020-10-08T00:00:00"}