{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047146639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","title":"Preliminary Selection and Characterization of Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites in Northwest China","display_name":"Preliminary Selection and Characterization of Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites in Northwest China","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047146639","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","mag":"3047146639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12162517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/16/2517/pdf?version=1596628696","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/16/2517/pdf?version=1596628696","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035656244","display_name":"Xiuqing Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3020-8676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuqing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398645","display_name":"Ling Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-3824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ling Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100439192","display_name":"Junwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-2600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032615821","display_name":"Lingli He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5634-7199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingli He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108728608","display_name":"Lin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2390-899X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011677264","display_name":"Na Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2547-0223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076889375","display_name":"Bingcheng Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingcheng Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388642","display_name":"Lu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5384-7630"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100364166","display_name":"Peng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-1389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072473797","display_name":"Naimeng Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naimeng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100398645"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":17.9287,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98530662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"16","first_page":"2517","last_page":"2517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.980400025844574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.8320281505584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-reflectance-distribution-function","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","score":0.694962739944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5848684310913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometric-calibration","display_name":"Radiometric calibration","score":0.5699309706687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.5604553818702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroradiometer","display_name":"Spectroradiometer","score":0.5273674130439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.49153074622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.4811805188655853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.47698622941970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.47013455629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4631715416908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-bands","display_name":"Spectral bands","score":0.4173095226287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29565495252609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"Reflectivity","score":0.2797476053237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.26506543159484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14038985967636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14011353254318237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10005217790603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09459057450294495}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.8320281505584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151596937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856980","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","level":3,"score":0.694962739944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5848684310913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778522173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281293","display_name":"Radiometric calibration","level":3,"score":0.5699309706687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.5604553818702698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130066347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q680509","display_name":"Spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.5273674130439758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.49153074622154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.4811805188655853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.47698622941970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.47013455629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4631715416908264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114700698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2882278","display_name":"Spectral bands","level":2,"score":0.4173095226287842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29565495252609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108597893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663650","display_name":"Reflectivity","level":2,"score":0.2797476053237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.26506543159484863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14038985967636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14011353254318237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10005217790603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09459057450294495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12162517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/16/2517/pdf?version=1596628696","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f49a653170d1418180a977901f0e65dc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f49a653170d1418180a977901f0e65dc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 16, p 2517 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/16/2517/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 16; Pages: 2517","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12162517","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12162517","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/16/2517/pdf?version=1596628696","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2870525900","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Wuhan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5848258319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7143059467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41401417","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7213403432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41675036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7608752429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Talent","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7935533444","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201802","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8208342437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1 and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8808507730","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0504900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047146639.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047146639.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975359356","https://openalex.org/W1988158712","https://openalex.org/W1990792395","https://openalex.org/W1997074699","https://openalex.org/W1998595580","https://openalex.org/W2001106510","https://openalex.org/W2006383776","https://openalex.org/W2016457820","https://openalex.org/W2019226095","https://openalex.org/W2026982377","https://openalex.org/W2031521927","https://openalex.org/W2034414166","https://openalex.org/W2038001934","https://openalex.org/W2053877137","https://openalex.org/W2061744328","https://openalex.org/W2064443208","https://openalex.org/W2073421842","https://openalex.org/W2079740553","https://openalex.org/W2091059597","https://openalex.org/W2097134202","https://openalex.org/W2114979224","https://openalex.org/W2116888634","https://openalex.org/W2124289077","https://openalex.org/W2133934490","https://openalex.org/W2137662038","https://openalex.org/W2137852055","https://openalex.org/W2145697265","https://openalex.org/W2148964737","https://openalex.org/W2162953234","https://openalex.org/W2165849160","https://openalex.org/W2169003368","https://openalex.org/W2170757132","https://openalex.org/W2176453950","https://openalex.org/W2364926198","https://openalex.org/W2494530254","https://openalex.org/W2522406067","https://openalex.org/W2888302878","https://openalex.org/W2935730345","https://openalex.org/W2945941655","https://openalex.org/W2946698340","https://openalex.org/W2973071357","https://openalex.org/W2983491222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348693871","https://openalex.org/W2171182724","https://openalex.org/W1968901811","https://openalex.org/W4303980425","https://openalex.org/W2138666440","https://openalex.org/W2087241461","https://openalex.org/W2156260485","https://openalex.org/W2104982938","https://openalex.org/W2168366069","https://openalex.org/W2070445023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pseudo-invariant":[0],"calibration":[1,10,36,273],"sites":[2,315,343],"(PICS)":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5,56],"used":[6,108,161,205],"for":[7,33,66,318],"the":[8,25,34,43,49,75,81,92,100,115,126,145,164,169,183,208,212,217,221,227,240,249,261,271,292,342],"radiometric":[9],"and":[11,80,135,153,190,220,231,252,277,297,303,311],"stability":[12,155],"monitoring":[13],"of":[14,37,46,51,77,114,129,171,182,211,223,254,264,275,309,322],"satellite":[15],"optical":[16],"sensors.":[17],"Several":[18],"stable":[19,147],"PICS,":[20],"such":[21],"as":[22],"those":[23],"in":[24,28,48,69,260,344],"Sahara":[26],"Desert":[27],"North":[29],"Africa,":[30],"were":[31,142,160,186,204,237,258],"selected":[32,213],"vicarious":[35,320],"earth":[38],"remote":[39],"sensing":[40],"satellites.":[41],"However,":[42],"selection":[44],"procedure":[45],"PICSs":[47,176,193],"whole":[50],"Northwest":[52,70,195],"China":[53,71],"has":[54],"not":[55],"fully":[57],"explored":[58],"before.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"presents":[62],"a":[63,178,300,337],"novel":[64],"technique":[65],"selecting":[67],"PICS":[68],"by":[72],"combined":[73],"using":[74,125,336],"coefficient":[76],"variation":[78],"(CV)":[79],"iteratively":[82],"reweighted":[83],"multivariate":[84],"alteration":[85],"detection":[86],"(IR-MAD)":[87],"technique.":[88],"IR-MAD,":[89],"which":[90,326],"calculates":[91],"differences":[93],"between":[94],"two":[95],"multispectral":[96],"N-band":[97],"images":[98,203],"from":[99,123,156,239,294,341],"same":[101],"scene":[102,116,184],"acquired":[103],"at":[104,243],"different":[105,345],"times,":[106],"is":[107],"to":[109,162,206,215,269,329],"identify":[110],"no-change":[111],"pixels":[112],"(NCPs)":[113],"through":[117],"one":[118],"image":[119],"pair.":[120],"The":[121,149,284],"NCPs":[122],"IR-MAD":[124],"long-term":[127],"data":[128],"FY-3":[130],"visible":[131],"infrared":[132],"radiometer":[133],"(VIRR)":[134],"aqua":[136],"Moderate":[137],"Resolution":[138,280],"Imaging":[139],"Spectroradiometer":[140],"(MODIS)":[141],"aggregated":[143],"into":[144],"contiguously":[146],"sites.":[148,225],"traditional":[150],"spatial":[151,209],"uniformity":[152,210],"temporal":[154],"MODIS":[157,296],"surface":[158,228],"products":[159],"select":[163],"potential":[165],"PICS.":[166],"By":[167],"combining":[168],"results":[170,286],"both":[172,295],"methods,":[173],"over":[174,194],"thirty":[175],"with":[177,291,299],"wider":[179,338],"brightness":[180],"range":[181],"types":[185],"selected.":[187],"To":[188,247],"confirm":[189],"characterize":[191,332],"these":[192,224,255],"China,":[196],"Landsat":[197],"operational":[198,272],"land":[199],"imager":[200],"(OLI)":[201],"high-spatial-resolution":[202],"check":[207],"site":[214],"determine":[216],"specific":[218],"location":[219],"size":[222],"Additionally,":[226],"spectral":[229],"reflectance":[230,233,267],"bidirectional":[232],"distribution":[234],"function":[235],"(BRDF)":[236],"obtained":[238],"field":[241],"campaign":[242],"Chaidamu":[244],"Basin,":[245],"2018.":[246],"demonstrate":[248],"practical":[250],"utilization":[251],"usability":[253],"PICSs,":[256],"they":[257],"employed":[259],"multi-site":[262,319],"top":[263],"atmosphere":[265],"(TOA)":[266],"simulation":[268,285],"validate":[270],"performance":[274],"Aqua/MODIS":[276],"FY-3D/MERSI-II":[278],"(Medium":[279],"Spectral":[281],"Imager":[282],"II).":[283],"showed":[287],"good":[288],"consistency":[289],"compared":[290],"observations":[293],"MERSI-II,":[298],"relative":[301],"bias":[302],"root":[304],"mean":[305],"square":[306],"error":[307],"(RMSE)":[308],"&lt;5%":[310],"&lt;0.05%,":[312],"respectively.":[313],"These":[314],"provide":[316],"prospects":[317],"calibrations":[321],"solar":[323],"reflective":[324],"bands,":[325],"may":[327],"help":[328],"evaluate":[330],"or":[331],"instrumental":[333],"nonlinear":[334],"responses":[335],"signal":[339],"dynamic":[340],"seasons.":[346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
