{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046140077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","title":"Unprecedented Temporary Reduction in Global Air Pollution Associated with COVID-19 Forced Confinement: A Continental and City Scale Analysis","display_name":"Unprecedented Temporary Reduction in Global Air Pollution Associated with COVID-19 Forced Confinement: A Continental and City Scale Analysis","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046140077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","mag":"3046140077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2420/pdf?version=1596000434","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2420/pdf?version=1596000434","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100332498","display_name":"Zhijie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-5649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7276-5649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056993916","display_name":"Arfan Arshad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-1807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arfan Arshad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-1807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102816110","display_name":"Chuanrong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9165-5584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuanrong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9165-5584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101596894","display_name":"Saddam Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7706-6778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147796","display_name":"University of Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/04eps4h65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I61623833","display_name":"University of Agriculture Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/054d77k59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I61623833"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saddam Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7706-6778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147796","https://openalex.org/I61623833"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100710213","display_name":"Weidong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-3292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-3292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102816110"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"fwci":5.369,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96868628,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"15","first_page":"2420","last_page":"2420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12916","display_name":"COVID-19 impact on air quality","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12916","display_name":"COVID-19 impact on air quality","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11244","display_name":"Climate Change and Health Impacts","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality-index","display_name":"Air quality index","score":0.6675556302070618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.6257356405258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6217990517616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.5604366064071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4735668897628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"Air pollution","score":0.47018706798553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outbreak","display_name":"Outbreak","score":0.45260751247406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.45058342814445496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.44886693358421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollution","display_name":"Pollution","score":0.44243910908699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.42684975266456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4226230978965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.40986698865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.40603557229042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.33987748622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.21517112851142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.1480143666267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.14083737134933472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12269401550292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.1023983359336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10068961977958679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126314574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364111","display_name":"Air quality index","level":2,"score":0.6675556302070618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.6257356405258179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6217990517616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5604366064071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4735668897628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559116025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131123","display_name":"Air pollution","level":2,"score":0.47018706798553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.45260751247406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.45058342814445496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.44886693358421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.44243910908699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.42684975266456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4226230978965759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.40986698865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.40603557229042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.33987748622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.21517112851142883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.1480143666267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.14083737134933472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12269401550292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.1023983359336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10068961977958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2420/pdf?version=1596000434","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:364d39d583af48ccbc9a1f1b5ccdb9a1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/364d39d583af48ccbc9a1f1b5ccdb9a1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 15, p 2420 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/15/2420/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 15; Pages: 2420","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152420","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2420/pdf?version=1596000434","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046140077.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":109,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568898517","https://openalex.org/W1483912579","https://openalex.org/W1502643395","https://openalex.org/W1527388254","https://openalex.org/W1561878391","https://openalex.org/W1606767976","https://openalex.org/W1865498371","https://openalex.org/W1940238987","https://openalex.org/W1968904448","https://openalex.org/W1974827199","https://openalex.org/W1982296278","https://openalex.org/W1990671664","https://openalex.org/W1992739954","https://openalex.org/W2007791627","https://openalex.org/W2020729558","https://openalex.org/W2023907462","https://openalex.org/W2024355140","https://openalex.org/W2055096323","https://openalex.org/W2055622901","https://openalex.org/W2082678423","https://openalex.org/W2095276712","https://openalex.org/W2098692066","https://openalex.org/W2099530767","https://openalex.org/W2103977502","https://openalex.org/W2107045929","https://openalex.org/W2112335693","https://openalex.org/W2123729798","https://openalex.org/W2124234307","https://openalex.org/W2125070195","https://openalex.org/W2126011139","https://openalex.org/W2139673685","https://openalex.org/W2141970008","https://openalex.org/W2145265567","https://openalex.org/W2148999460","https://openalex.org/W2155829461","https://openalex.org/W2156208893","https://openalex.org/W2162159279","https://openalex.org/W2163857426","https://openalex.org/W2179082928","https://openalex.org/W2252586769","https://openalex.org/W2525731722","https://openalex.org/W2544696845","https://openalex.org/W2551490535","https://openalex.org/W2607350314","https://openalex.org/W2617831508","https://openalex.org/W2727705617","https://openalex.org/W2735850022","https://openalex.org/W2737721127","https://openalex.org/W2750024547","https://openalex.org/W2770693396","https://openalex.org/W2802308221","https://openalex.org/W2885467280","https://openalex.org/W2890015417","https://openalex.org/W2905249973","https://openalex.org/W2913311745","https://openalex.org/W2919686168","https://openalex.org/W2921487222","https://openalex.org/W2968738163","https://openalex.org/W2971210312","https://openalex.org/W2972512245","https://openalex.org/W2981481684","https://openalex.org/W2988039250","https://openalex.org/W2991932524","https://openalex.org/W2995883393","https://openalex.org/W2996144509","https://openalex.org/W2996876849","https://openalex.org/W3001964040","https://openalex.org/W3009625718","https://openalex.org/W3010223921","https://openalex.org/W3011800583","https://openalex.org/W3012809581","https://openalex.org/W3013004286","https://openalex.org/W3013171623","https://openalex.org/W3013215798","https://openalex.org/W3013336049","https://openalex.org/W3014124559","https://openalex.org/W3015019427","https://openalex.org/W3015389163","https://openalex.org/W3015719445","https://openalex.org/W3016605542","https://openalex.org/W3017537452","https://openalex.org/W3017741277","https://openalex.org/W3018697538","https://openalex.org/W3019057975","https://openalex.org/W3019502653","https://openalex.org/W3019997179","https://openalex.org/W3020659657","https://openalex.org/W3020970625","https://openalex.org/W3021499012","https://openalex.org/W3021727730","https://openalex.org/W3021980696","https://openalex.org/W3022183495","https://openalex.org/W3022664139","https://openalex.org/W3022944898","https://openalex.org/W3023412052","https://openalex.org/W3025082223","https://openalex.org/W3025597559","https://openalex.org/W3027709318","https://openalex.org/W3031416857","https://openalex.org/W3033633339","https://openalex.org/W3049068127","https://openalex.org/W3090086906","https://openalex.org/W3090737806","https://openalex.org/W3101706108","https://openalex.org/W4241859468","https://openalex.org/W6685747228","https://openalex.org/W6729550326","https://openalex.org/W6775522840","https://openalex.org/W6776971851"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3129974101","https://openalex.org/W2991488401","https://openalex.org/W1603912562","https://openalex.org/W3080344894","https://openalex.org/W4318499393","https://openalex.org/W2082703639","https://openalex.org/W2066546759","https://openalex.org/W2733363865","https://openalex.org/W2295152223","https://openalex.org/W2512873846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Shortly":[0],"after":[1],"the":[2,5,12,24,30,50,78,94,106,119,134,164,180,188,219,223,269,313,345,349,359],"outbreak":[3],"of":[4,14,26,49,111,126,145,170,198,221,288,315,321,331],"novel":[6],"infectious":[7],"disease":[8],"(COVID-19)":[9],"started":[10],"at":[11,163],"end":[13],"2019,":[15],"it":[16],"turned":[17],"into":[18],"a":[19,195,240,285,318,328],"global":[20],"pandemic,":[21],"which":[22,257],"caused":[23],"lockdown":[25,181,271,346],"many":[27],"countries":[28],"across":[29,358],"world.":[31],"Various":[32],"strict":[33],"measures":[34],"were":[35,116,131,152],"adopted":[36],"to":[37,43,82,93,184],"reduce":[38],"anthropogenic":[39,350],"activities":[40,343],"in":[41,66,91,177,202,208,215,231,236,245,281,290,294,297,299,302,304,308,310,325,335],"order":[42],"prevent":[44],"further":[45],"spread":[46],"and":[47,102,114,124,150,173,211,266,306,352],"infection":[48],"disease.":[51],"In":[52,218,312],"this":[53],"study,":[54],"we":[55],"utilized":[56],"continental":[57,101,107,165],"scale":[58,65,108,142,166],"remotely":[59],"sensed":[60],"data":[61,76,110,125,144],"along":[62],"with":[63,194,252],"city":[64,103,141],"situ":[67],"air":[68,88,156,254,355],"quality":[69,157,255],"observations":[70,162],"for":[71,187,200,206,213],"2020":[72,178,270],"as":[73,75,229,262],"well":[74],"from":[77,118,133,154,160],"baseline":[79,189],"period":[80,182,190,272],"(2015\u20132019)":[81],"provide":[83],"an":[84],"early":[85],"insight":[86],"on":[87],"pollution":[89],"changes":[90],"response":[92],"COVID-19":[95],"pandemic":[96],"lockdown,":[97],"by":[98,234],"combining":[99],"both":[100],"scales.":[104],"For":[105,140],"analysis,":[109,143],"NO2,":[112,146,171,263],"SO2,":[113,172],"O3":[115,277],"acquired":[117],"ozone":[120],"monitoring":[121],"instrument":[122],"(OMI)":[123],"aerosol":[127],"optical":[128],"depth":[129],"(AOD)":[130],"collected":[132],"moderate":[135],"resolution":[136],"imaging":[137],"spectroradiometer":[138],"(MODIS).":[139],"CO,":[147,264],"PM2.5,":[148,265],"O3,":[149,222,317],"SO2":[151,207,267,309],"derived":[153],"ground-based":[155,253],"observations.":[158],"Results":[159],"satellite":[161],"showed":[167,258],"that":[168,259,276,340],"concentrations":[169],"AOD":[174,214],"substantially":[175],"dropped":[176],"during":[179,268,344],"compared":[183],"their":[185],"averages":[186],"over":[191],"all":[192],"continents,":[193],"maximum":[196,224,286,319],"reduction":[197,226,287,320],"~33%":[199],"NO2":[201,291],"East":[203,209],"Asia,":[204,210],"~41%":[205],"~37%":[212],"South":[216],"Asia.":[217],"case":[220,314],"overall":[225],"was":[227,243,292,323,333],"observed":[228,334],"~11%":[230],"Europe,":[232],"followed":[233],"~10%":[235],"North":[237],"America,":[238],"while":[239],"slight":[241],"increase":[242,330],"found":[244,293,324],"other":[246],"study":[247],"regions.":[248],"These":[249],"findings":[250],"align":[251],"observations,":[256],"pollutants":[260],"such":[261],"decreased":[273],"significantly":[274],"except":[275],"had":[278],"varying":[279],"patterns":[280],"different":[282],"cities.":[283,361],"Specifically,":[284],"~49%":[289],"London,":[295],"~43%":[296,322],"CO":[298],"Wuhan,":[300,326],"~38%":[301],"PM2.5":[303],"Chennai,":[305],"~48%":[307],"Beijing.":[311],"urban":[316],"but":[327],"significant":[329],"~47%":[332],"Chennai.":[336],"It":[337],"is":[338],"obvious":[339],"restricted":[341],"human":[342],"have":[347],"reduced":[348],"emissions":[351],"subsequently":[353],"improved":[354],"quality,":[356],"especially":[357],"metropolitan":[360]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}