{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3046213742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","title":"Towards a Large-Scale 3D Modeling of the Built Environment\u2014Joint Analysis of TanDEM-X, Sentinel-2 and Open Street Map Data","display_name":"Towards a Large-Scale 3D Modeling of the Built Environment\u2014Joint Analysis of TanDEM-X, Sentinel-2 and Open Street Map Data","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3046213742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","mag":"3046213742"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2391/pdf?version=1595662855","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2391/pdf?version=1595662855","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049261152","display_name":"Thomas Esch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-9045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Esch","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5868-9045","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012258937","display_name":"Julian Zeidler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-2296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Zeidler","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9444-2296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012285539","display_name":"Daniela Palacios\u2010Lopez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6302-2491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela Palacios-Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6302-2491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075959777","display_name":"Mattia Marconcini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattia Marconcini","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5042-5176","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032791474","display_name":"Achim Roth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8913-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Achim Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084452709","display_name":"Milena M\u00f6nks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-1173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milena M\u00f6nks","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059712133","display_name":"Benjamin Leutner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6893-2002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Leutner","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050796611","display_name":"Elisabeth Brzoska","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisabeth Brzoska","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002200887","display_name":"Annekatrin Metz-Marconcini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3896-4705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annekatrin Metz-Marconcini","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090274520","display_name":"Felix Bachofer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-0187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Bachofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-0187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031244150","display_name":"Sveinung Loekken","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-8165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165017","display_name":"European Space Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9rv16","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I4210165017"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sveinung Loekken","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Space Agency (ESA), Directorate of Earth Observation Programmes, Future Systems Department, \u03a6-lab Explore, ESRIN, Via Galileo Galilei, 64 I-00044 Casella Postale, Frascati, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Space Agency (ESA), Directorate of Earth Observation Programmes, Future Systems Department, \u03a6-lab Explore, ESRIN, Via Galileo Galilei, 64 I-00044 Casella Postale, Frascati, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033795271","display_name":"Stefan Dech","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Dech","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Earth Observation Center (EOC), German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD), Oberpfaffenhofen, D-82234 We\u00dfling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049261152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":1580,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1704},"fwci":45.6128,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99593368,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"15","first_page":"2391","last_page":"2391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.7673009634017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.663867712020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6144323945045471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5018362998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.46885308623313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-mapping","display_name":"Digital mapping","score":0.46284598112106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.44748246669769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.4416577219963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.44159987568855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-city-models","display_name":"3D city models","score":0.425737202167511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.41836780309677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.31547150015830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.28141331672668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1752554476261139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09955978393554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.07906177639961243}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.7673009634017944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.663867712020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6144323945045471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5018362998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.46885308623313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181672929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115141","display_name":"Digital mapping","level":2,"score":0.46284598112106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.44748246669769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.4416577219963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.44159987568855286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172169","display_name":"3D city models","level":3,"score":0.425737202167511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.41836780309677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.31547150015830994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.28141331672668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1752554476261139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09955978393554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.07906177639961243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2391/pdf?version=1595662855","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:135716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d63a2d535a254e46a1b82acf3a155724","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d63a2d535a254e46a1b82acf3a155724","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 15, p 2391 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/15/2391/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 15; Pages: 2391","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12152391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12152391","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/15/2391/pdf?version=1595662855","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1468139952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract no. 7194331","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","funder_display_name":"World Bank Group"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2317904404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"reference number 10.08.17.7-18.13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331615","funder_display_name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Bau- Stadt- und Raumforschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7057983805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"contract no. 4000126100/19/I-EF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","funder_display_name":"European Space Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","display_name":"World Bank Group","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321602","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331615","display_name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Bau- Stadt- und Raumforschung","ror":"https://ror.org/01zy7yh11"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046213742.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3046213742.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558025146","https://openalex.org/W1927774049","https://openalex.org/W1967097939","https://openalex.org/W1991145689","https://openalex.org/W2004503428","https://openalex.org/W2004837536","https://openalex.org/W2049647840","https://openalex.org/W2122883581","https://openalex.org/W2134148744","https://openalex.org/W2165160669","https://openalex.org/W2418543604","https://openalex.org/W2548610061","https://openalex.org/W2564747588","https://openalex.org/W2600376481","https://openalex.org/W2605591930","https://openalex.org/W2624779149","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2780517933","https://openalex.org/W2783086868","https://openalex.org/W2788285248","https://openalex.org/W2789245956","https://openalex.org/W2794077757","https://openalex.org/W2805194363","https://openalex.org/W2900750525","https://openalex.org/W2903033467","https://openalex.org/W2909272078","https://openalex.org/W2909886125","https://openalex.org/W2935442137","https://openalex.org/W2951768252","https://openalex.org/W2954160761","https://openalex.org/W2963113324","https://openalex.org/W2982446989","https://openalex.org/W3018892519","https://openalex.org/W3025223302","https://openalex.org/W3037291346","https://openalex.org/W3043036258","https://openalex.org/W3092059124","https://openalex.org/W4237908287","https://openalex.org/W6757905460"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W4206741056","https://openalex.org/W3040595263","https://openalex.org/W1621772017","https://openalex.org/W4239147863","https://openalex.org/W2909855017","https://openalex.org/W2352163239","https://openalex.org/W2264981486","https://openalex.org/W4210419302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continental":[0],"to":[1,190,268],"global":[2],"scale":[3],"mapping":[4],"of":[5,29,41,57,70,118,159,184,201,208,230,244,264,273],"the":[6,21,30,42,58,68,79,88,102,108,119,129,143,166,180,185,191,196,202,209,213,241,262,265,271,277],"human":[7,75,112],"settlement":[8,60,113],"extent":[9],"based":[10,154,235],"on":[11,74,155,236],"earth":[12],"observation":[13],"satellite":[14,91],"data":[15,85,100,238],"has":[16],"made":[17],"considerable":[18],"progress.":[19],"Nevertheless,":[20],"current":[22],"approaches":[23],"only":[24,50],"provide":[25],"a":[26,34,54,65,123,139,151,156,176,205,231],"two-dimensional":[27],"representation":[28],"built":[31,210],"environment.":[32],"Therewith,":[33],"full":[35],"characterization":[36],"is":[37,204],"restricted":[38],"in":[39,93],"terms":[40],"urban":[43],"morphology":[44],"and":[45,82,99,107,172,258],"built-up":[46,140,278],"density,":[47],"which":[48],"can":[49],"be":[51],"gained":[52],"by":[53,77,87,142,195],"detailed":[55],"examination":[56],"vertical":[59,220],"extent.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63],"introduces":[64],"methodology":[66,267],"for":[67,134,217,240],"extraction":[69],"three-dimensional":[71],"(3D)":[72],"information":[73],"settlements":[76],"analyzing":[78],"digital":[80,125,131,169,187],"elevation":[81,132],"radar":[83,164],"intensity":[84],"collected":[86,239],"German":[89],"TanDEM-X":[90,130],"mission":[92],"combination":[94],"with":[95],"multispectral":[96],"Sentinel-2":[97,173],"imagery":[98],"from":[101,128],"Open":[103,160],"Street":[104,161],"Map":[105],"initiative":[106],"Global":[109,144],"Urban":[110,145],"Footprint":[111],"mask.":[114,198],"The":[115,147,199,228],"first":[116,232],"module":[117,149,178],"underlying":[120],"processor":[121],"generates":[122,150],"normalized":[124,168,186],"surface":[126,170,188],"model":[127,133,171,189],"all":[135,218],"regions":[136],"marked":[137],"as":[138],"area":[141],"Footprint.":[146],"second":[148],"building":[152,192,197,221,274],"mask":[153],"joint":[157],"processing":[158],"Map,":[162],"TanDEM-X/TerraSAR-X":[163],"images,":[165],"calculated":[167],"imagery.":[174],"Finally,":[175],"third":[177],"allocates":[179],"local":[181,215],"relative":[182],"heights":[183,275],"structures":[193,222],"provided":[194],"outcome":[200],"procedure":[203],"3D":[206],"map":[207],"environment":[211],"showing":[212],"estimated":[214],"height":[216],"identified":[219],"at":[223],"12":[224],"m":[225],"spatial":[226],"resolution.":[227],"results":[229],"validation":[233],"campaign":[234],"reference":[237],"seven":[242],"cities":[243],"Amsterdam":[245],"(NL),":[246],"Indianapolis":[247],"(US),":[248,255],"Kigali":[249],"(RW),":[250],"Munich":[251],"(DE),":[252],"New":[253],"York":[254],"Vienna":[256],"(AT),":[257],"Washington":[259],"(US)":[260],"indicate":[261],"potential":[263],"proposed":[266],"accurately":[269],"estimate":[270],"distribution":[272],"within":[276],"area.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
