{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045360890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","title":"The Urban\u2013Rural Heterogeneity of Air Pollution in 35 Metropolitan Regions across China","display_name":"The Urban\u2013Rural Heterogeneity of Air Pollution in 35 Metropolitan Regions across China","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045360890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","mag":"3045360890"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12142320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2320/pdf?version=1595152439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2320/pdf?version=1595152439","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005565296","display_name":"Wenchao Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-7842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037950211","display_name":"Zhanqing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6737-382X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhanqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068048071","display_name":"Jianping Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-8976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077513211","display_name":"Tianning Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-2592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianning Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065442126","display_name":"Tianmeng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-7013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133131","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034b53w38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianmeng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659086","display_name":"Jing Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-7056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-7056","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021321050","display_name":"Maureen Cribb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-3676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maureen Cribb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037950211"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.1468,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87040953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"14","first_page":"2320","last_page":"2320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10190","display_name":"Air Quality and Health Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metropolitan-area","display_name":"Metropolitan area","score":0.7285053730010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6762606501579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-pollution","display_name":"Air pollution","score":0.6483704447746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.6058885455131531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollution","display_name":"Pollution","score":0.563960611820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality-index","display_name":"Air quality index","score":0.5356068015098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-climatology","display_name":"Urban climatology","score":0.5094049572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.500969648361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.481679767370224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3904590606689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3428897261619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-climate","display_name":"Urban climate","score":0.3424895107746124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3150453567504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.3103489279747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.0794733464717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06262385845184326}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.7285053730010986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6762606501579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559116025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131123","display_name":"Air pollution","level":2,"score":0.6483704447746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.6058885455131531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.563960611820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126314574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364111","display_name":"Air quality index","level":2,"score":0.5356068015098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48799325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7900104","display_name":"Urban climatology","level":4,"score":0.5094049572944641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.500969648361206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.481679767370224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3904590606689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3428897261619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158049464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075337","display_name":"Urban climate","level":3,"score":0.3424895107746124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3150453567504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3103489279747009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.0794733464717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06262385845184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12142320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2320/pdf?version=1595152439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e583ed0c26d24f2194f71e351af83bb8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e583ed0c26d24f2194f71e351af83bb8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 14, p 2320 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:drum.lib.umd.edu:1903/31326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1903/31326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401518","display_name":"University Libraries (University of Maryland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/14/2320/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 14; Pages: 2320","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.13016/dspace/cuox-urnc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13016/dspace/cuox-urnc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402644","display_name":"Digital Repository at the University of Maryland (University of Maryland College Park)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12142320","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142320","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/14/2320/pdf?version=1595152439","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2795006745","display_name":"\u6211\u56fd\u4e0d\u540c\u4e91\u7684\u591a\u6e90\u7acb\u4f53\u89c2\u6d4b\u53ca\u4e91\u8f90\u5c04\u6548\u5e94\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"41771399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6269696598","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91544217 and 41771399","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7828445142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91544217","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8061261826","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AGS1534670","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321569","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045360890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045360890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543174819","https://openalex.org/W1900594609","https://openalex.org/W1964805252","https://openalex.org/W1971798903","https://openalex.org/W1975811386","https://openalex.org/W1981719480","https://openalex.org/W1988676081","https://openalex.org/W1992832350","https://openalex.org/W2004776481","https://openalex.org/W2031420083","https://openalex.org/W2040113717","https://openalex.org/W2046410742","https://openalex.org/W2053824242","https://openalex.org/W2056870593","https://openalex.org/W2067129339","https://openalex.org/W2075193147","https://openalex.org/W2079596572","https://openalex.org/W2083441060","https://openalex.org/W2096189480","https://openalex.org/W2098455126","https://openalex.org/W2098585490","https://openalex.org/W2106317437","https://openalex.org/W2110344866","https://openalex.org/W2131013649","https://openalex.org/W2132104902","https://openalex.org/W2144991971","https://openalex.org/W2157798162","https://openalex.org/W2169547066","https://openalex.org/W2192126173","https://openalex.org/W2213630840","https://openalex.org/W2312694547","https://openalex.org/W2313693448","https://openalex.org/W2321311140","https://openalex.org/W2469366019","https://openalex.org/W2512410850","https://openalex.org/W2512873846","https://openalex.org/W2528679809","https://openalex.org/W2553429315","https://openalex.org/W2554285426","https://openalex.org/W2595016870","https://openalex.org/W2601396642","https://openalex.org/W2750588982","https://openalex.org/W2758564043","https://openalex.org/W2765934104","https://openalex.org/W2770115993","https://openalex.org/W2796409515","https://openalex.org/W2805013051","https://openalex.org/W2820877807","https://openalex.org/W2885226068","https://openalex.org/W2909703819","https://openalex.org/W2913815344","https://openalex.org/W2943126953","https://openalex.org/W2946131833","https://openalex.org/W2953978338","https://openalex.org/W2966356672","https://openalex.org/W2972615240","https://openalex.org/W2981043630","https://openalex.org/W2981092426","https://openalex.org/W2981441128","https://openalex.org/W2990222567","https://openalex.org/W2992701751","https://openalex.org/W3013311113","https://openalex.org/W3019997179","https://openalex.org/W3033410393","https://openalex.org/W6651902496","https://openalex.org/W6688292385","https://openalex.org/W6734510015"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991488401","https://openalex.org/W1603912562","https://openalex.org/W3080344894","https://openalex.org/W4404475253","https://openalex.org/W4318499393","https://openalex.org/W2082703639","https://openalex.org/W2066546759","https://openalex.org/W2733363865","https://openalex.org/W2295152223","https://openalex.org/W2512873846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urbanization":[0,24],"and":[1,12,43,54,72,91,120,147,150,189,214],"air":[2,35,68,100,143,229],"pollution":[3,36,101,144,230],"are":[4,133],"major":[5,77],"anthropogenic":[6],"impacts":[7],"on":[8,206],"Earth\u2019s":[9],"environment,":[10],"weather,":[11],"climate.":[13],"Each":[14],"has":[15],"been":[16],"studied":[17],"extensively,":[18],"but":[19,46],"their":[20,151],"interactions":[21],"have":[22,171,203],"not.":[23],"leads":[25],"to":[26,135,200],"a":[27,172],"dramatic":[28],"variation":[29],"in":[30,70,102,104,111,125,129,138,158,160,166,182,192,211,223],"the":[31,52,62,95,139,155,177,185,193,207,225,232],"spatial":[32,63,140,178,226],"distribution":[33,179],"of":[34,56,67,75,142,180,209,228],"(fine":[37],"particles)":[38],"by":[39],"altering":[40],"surface":[41],"properties":[42],"boundary-layer":[44],"micrometeorology,":[45],"it":[47,115],"remains":[48],"unclear,":[49],"especially":[50],"between":[51,145],"centers":[53],"suburbs":[55],"metropolitan":[57,78],"regions.":[58],"Here,":[59],"we":[60],"investigated":[61],"variation,":[64],"or":[65],"inhomogeneity,":[66],"quality":[69],"urban":[71,105,146,169],"rural":[73,112,148],"areas":[74,106,149],"35":[76],"regions":[79],"across":[80],"China":[81],"using":[82],"four":[83],"different":[84,190,204,212],"long-term":[85],"observational":[86],"datasets":[87],"from":[88,198],"both":[89],"ground-based":[90],"space-borne":[92],"observations":[93],"during":[94],"period":[96],"2001\u20132015.":[97],"In":[98],"general,":[99],"summer":[103,161],"is":[107,116,162],"more":[108,117,122,173],"serious":[109],"than":[110,127,165],"areas.":[113],"However,":[114],"homogeneously":[118],"polluted,":[119],"also":[121],"severely":[123],"polluted":[124,201],"winter":[126],"that":[128],"summer.":[130],"Four":[131],"factors":[132],"found":[134],"play":[136,219],"roles":[137],"inhomogeneity":[141,227],"seasonal":[152],"differences:":[153],"(1)":[154],"urban\u2013rural":[156],"difference":[157],"emissions":[159],"slightly":[163],"larger":[164],"winter;":[167],"(2)":[168],"structures":[170],"obvious":[174],"association":[175],"with":[176],"aerosols":[181],"summer;":[183],"(3)":[184],"wind":[186],"speed,":[187],"topography,":[188],"reductions":[191],"planetary":[194],"boundary":[195],"layer":[196],"height":[197],"clean":[199],"conditions":[202],"effects":[205],"density":[208],"pollutants":[210],"seasons;":[213],"(4)":[215],"relative":[216],"humidity":[217],"can":[218],"an":[220],"important":[221],"role":[222],"affecting":[224],"despite":[231],"large":[233],"uncertainties.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-09T15:46:55.921056","created_date":"2020-07-29T00:00:00"}
