{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035820485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","title":"Spatial ETL for 3D Building Modelling Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data in Semi-Urban Areas","display_name":"Spatial ETL for 3D Building Modelling Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data in Semi-Urban Areas","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035820485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","mag":"3035820485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12121972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1972/pdf?version=1592564171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1972/pdf?version=1592564171","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037458035","display_name":"Ur\u0161ka Dre\u0161\u010dek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-9821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091918","display_name":"Geodetic Institute of Slovenia","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5tf47","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ur\u0161ka Dre\u0161\u010dek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6450-9821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918","https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031645239","display_name":"Mojca Kosmatin Fras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-3794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091918","display_name":"Geodetic Institute of Slovenia","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5tf47","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mojca Kosmatin Fras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918","https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004625739","display_name":"Jernej Tekavec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091918","display_name":"Geodetic Institute of Slovenia","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5tf47","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jernej Tekavec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918","https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073045046","display_name":"Anka Lisec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-3390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091918","display_name":"Geodetic Institute of Slovenia","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5tf47","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anka Lisec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-3390","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana,  Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova cesta 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091918","https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037458035"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015","https://openalex.org/I4210091918"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.2964,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7606069,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"12","first_page":"1972","last_page":"1972"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.8324275016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.7448680400848389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7176142334938049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6622539758682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citygml","display_name":"CityGML","score":0.6565501093864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5937958359718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-city-models","display_name":"3D city models","score":0.5829179286956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.498246431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.47145137190818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-database","display_name":"Spatial database","score":0.4162740111351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.37502360343933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.301891028881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2968369722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2359236776828766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.1999945044517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.19405856728553772}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.8324275016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.7448680400848389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7176142334938049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6622539758682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776744651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093900","display_name":"CityGML","level":3,"score":0.6565501093864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5937958359718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778597888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172169","display_name":"3D city models","level":3,"score":0.5829179286956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.498246431350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.47145137190818787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203689450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2302053","display_name":"Spatial database","level":3,"score":0.4162740111351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37502360343933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.301891028881073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2968369722366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2359236776828766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.1999945044517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19405856728553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12121972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1972/pdf?version=1592564171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repozitorij.uni-lj.si:IzpisGradiva.php?id=120763","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=120763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196268","display_name":"Repository of the University of Ljubljana (University of Ljubljana)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","host_organization_name":"University of Ljubljana","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote sensing, vol. 12, no. 12, 1972, 2020.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:367c0a23128d4b5e8eccfb14cd1d03f8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/367c0a23128d4b5e8eccfb14cd1d03f8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 12, p 1972 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/12/1972/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 1972","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12121972","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121972","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/12/1972/pdf?version=1592564171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2409795907","display_name":"Earth observation and geoinformatics","funder_award_id":"P2-0406","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035820485.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035820485.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52647950","https://openalex.org/W1132527629","https://openalex.org/W1196729470","https://openalex.org/W1559391041","https://openalex.org/W1975853804","https://openalex.org/W1986427369","https://openalex.org/W1986522259","https://openalex.org/W1996749420","https://openalex.org/W2000018820","https://openalex.org/W2005237498","https://openalex.org/W2008683230","https://openalex.org/W2015357652","https://openalex.org/W2022773386","https://openalex.org/W2029625183","https://openalex.org/W2035129548","https://openalex.org/W2035184119","https://openalex.org/W2035965089","https://openalex.org/W2049963111","https://openalex.org/W2053164535","https://openalex.org/W2065972554","https://openalex.org/W2072974808","https://openalex.org/W2073769691","https://openalex.org/W2083755493","https://openalex.org/W2087166203","https://openalex.org/W2104525659","https://openalex.org/W2113317307","https://openalex.org/W2127310338","https://openalex.org/W2130666164","https://openalex.org/W2136337903","https://openalex.org/W2145611136","https://openalex.org/W2145618333","https://openalex.org/W2166748944","https://openalex.org/W2215173806","https://openalex.org/W2245336332","https://openalex.org/W2325980629","https://openalex.org/W2338572656","https://openalex.org/W2467615243","https://openalex.org/W2512695020","https://openalex.org/W2522927276","https://openalex.org/W2566671333","https://openalex.org/W2569640537","https://openalex.org/W2620727462","https://openalex.org/W2751236261","https://openalex.org/W2788261116","https://openalex.org/W2799811398","https://openalex.org/W2884002274","https://openalex.org/W2884466562","https://openalex.org/W2918989457","https://openalex.org/W6659468905","https://openalex.org/W6677209092","https://openalex.org/W6690924259","https://openalex.org/W6750637594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1767252664","https://openalex.org/W3091198297","https://openalex.org/W2586324716","https://openalex.org/W2961362339","https://openalex.org/W2563522820","https://openalex.org/W2725759460","https://openalex.org/W2803738593","https://openalex.org/W1983691250","https://openalex.org/W2888159078","https://openalex.org/W3083303282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,34],"provides":[2],"the":[3,33,38,46,58,69,79,89,110,196,236,242],"innovative":[4],"approach":[5,206],"of":[6,32,48,71,92,114,147,201],"using":[7,49],"a":[8,106,141,159,165,170,190,214],"spatial":[9,50,148,160,221],"extract,":[10],"transform,":[11],"load":[12],"(ETL)":[13],"solution":[14,162],"for":[15,41,53,61,88,99,134,150,228],"3D":[16,42,62,72,100,151,166,186,229],"building":[17,43,167,187,230],"modelling,":[18,44,102],"based":[19],"on":[20,210],"an":[21],"unmanned":[22],"aerial":[23,118],"vehicle":[24],"(UAV)":[25],"photogrammetric":[26],"point":[27,174],"cloud.":[28],"The":[29,183,205],"main":[30],"objective":[31],"is":[35,75,96,105],"to":[36,163,244],"present":[37],"holistic":[39],"workflow":[40],"emphasising":[45],"benefits":[47],"ETL":[51,161,222],"solutions":[52,223],"this":[54],"purpose.":[55],"Namely,":[56],"despite":[57],"increasing":[59],"demands":[60],"city":[63,73,101],"models":[64,74,188],"and":[65,112,120,136,144,247],"their":[66],"geospatial":[67,80,83,93],"applications,":[68],"generation":[70],"still":[76],"challenging":[77],"in":[78,109,189,213],"domain.":[81],"Advanced":[82],"technologies":[84],"provide":[85],"various":[86],"possibilities":[87],"mass":[90],"acquisition":[91],"data":[94,149,237],"that":[95,220],"further":[97],"used":[98,227],"but":[103],"there":[104],"huge":[107],"difference":[108],"cost":[111],"quality":[113],"input":[115],"data.":[116],"While":[117],"photogrammetry":[119,128],"airborne":[121],"laser":[122],"scanning":[123],"involve":[124],"high":[125],"costs,":[126],"UAV":[127,181,233],"has":[129,207],"brought":[130],"new":[131],"opportunities,":[132],"including":[133],"small":[135],"medium-sized":[137],"companies,":[138],"by":[139],"providing":[140],"more":[142],"flexible":[143],"low-cost":[145],"source":[146],"modelling.":[152],"In":[153],"our":[154],"data-driven":[155],"approach,":[156],"we":[157],"use":[158],"reconstruct":[164],"model":[168,239],"from":[169,180,232],"dense":[171],"image":[172],"matching":[173],"cloud":[175],"which":[176],"was":[177],"obtained":[178],"beforehand":[179],"imagery.":[182],"results":[184],"are":[185],"semantic":[191],"vector":[192],"format":[193],"consistent":[194],"with":[195],"OGC":[197],"CityGML":[198],"standard,":[199],"Level":[200],"Detail":[202],"2":[203],"(LOD2).":[204],"been":[208],"tested":[209],"selected":[211],"buildings":[212],"simple":[215],"semi-urban":[216],"area.":[217],"We":[218],"conclude":[219],"can":[224],"be":[225],"efficiently":[226],"modelling":[231],"data,":[234],"where":[235],"process":[238],"developed":[240],"allows":[241],"developer":[243],"easily":[245],"control":[246],"manipulate":[248],"each":[249],"processing":[250],"step.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-19T07:52:34.831488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
