{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3033787116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","title":"Use of Fluorescence Sensing to Detect Nitrogen and Potassium Variability in Maize","display_name":"Use of Fluorescence Sensing to Detect Nitrogen and Potassium Variability in Maize","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3033787116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","mag":"3033787116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12111752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1752/pdf?version=1592141874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1752/pdf?version=1592141874","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103025730","display_name":"Rafael Siqueira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4081-0959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Siqueira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019037474","display_name":"Louis Longchamps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4761-6094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331897569","display_name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/051dzs374","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louis Longchamps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4761-6094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 3E6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041317550","display_name":"Subash Dahal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-9103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subash Dahal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-9103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063203605","display_name":"Raj Khosla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8937-2078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raj Khosla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1170, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063203605"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.3367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9163331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"1752","last_page":"1752"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.963699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.963699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9438999891281128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9402999877929688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6014763116836548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop","display_name":"Crop","score":0.5927932262420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.5914018154144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.5491616129875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen","display_name":"Nitrogen","score":0.5050831437110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient","display_name":"Nutrient","score":0.45714712142944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium","display_name":"Potassium","score":0.44684475660324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.44603705406188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.21813198924064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.19996106624603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.1773015856742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.11954569816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09017977118492126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6014763116836548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.5927932262420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.5914018154144287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5491616129875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.5050831437110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.45714712142944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.44684475660324097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.44603705406188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.21813198924064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.19996106624603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.1773015856742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.11954569816589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09017977118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12111752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1752/pdf?version=1592141874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1d67a0707ca241ca8a638472ea2ee705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1d67a0707ca241ca8a638472ea2ee705","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 11, p 1752 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/11/1752/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 11; Pages: 1752","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12111752","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12111752","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/11/1752/pdf?version=1592141874","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309627","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F7430379670","display_name":"Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station","ror":"https://ror.org/01cc25b87"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3033787116.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3033787116.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W173820140","https://openalex.org/W606118790","https://openalex.org/W1562255963","https://openalex.org/W1590410573","https://openalex.org/W1823390074","https://openalex.org/W1966035399","https://openalex.org/W1972723123","https://openalex.org/W1973845906","https://openalex.org/W1979249619","https://openalex.org/W2001986102","https://openalex.org/W2002064484","https://openalex.org/W2010984047","https://openalex.org/W2032672160","https://openalex.org/W2035989151","https://openalex.org/W2047361575","https://openalex.org/W2050791221","https://openalex.org/W2060149425","https://openalex.org/W2074578980","https://openalex.org/W2083620499","https://openalex.org/W2086314176","https://openalex.org/W2090244042","https://openalex.org/W2103184761","https://openalex.org/W2108147535","https://openalex.org/W2114824682","https://openalex.org/W2122942514","https://openalex.org/W2129298081","https://openalex.org/W2132527497","https://openalex.org/W2138436021","https://openalex.org/W2139411417","https://openalex.org/W2140632768","https://openalex.org/W2149136881","https://openalex.org/W2175360117","https://openalex.org/W2176590475","https://openalex.org/W2338416259","https://openalex.org/W2552446584","https://openalex.org/W2610164605","https://openalex.org/W2753839917","https://openalex.org/W2758558767","https://openalex.org/W2908716796","https://openalex.org/W2926632975","https://openalex.org/W2954528052","https://openalex.org/W2967076631","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W3009445648","https://openalex.org/W3216089686","https://openalex.org/W4298056785","https://openalex.org/W6607023131","https://openalex.org/W6634489443","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6638324187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347729776","https://openalex.org/W2081457971","https://openalex.org/W2028659695","https://openalex.org/W2072749356","https://openalex.org/W2323677139","https://openalex.org/W2587804871","https://openalex.org/W2014400117","https://openalex.org/W4389236673","https://openalex.org/W2423785987","https://openalex.org/W2048194780"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Real-time":[0],"fluoro-sensing":[1,28],"is":[2],"a":[3,90,220],"promising":[4],"crop":[5,41,53,105,129,157,179,208],"sensing":[6],"technology":[7],"to":[8,23,29,101,107,114,122,154,187,200,223],"support":[9],"variable-rate":[10],"nutrient":[11,108,205],"management":[12],"for":[13,233,249,257],"precision":[14,234,258],"agricultural":[15],"practices.":[16],"The":[17,131,160,217],"objective":[18],"of":[19,27,33,48,81,99,118,133,146,203,231,252],"this":[20,134,204],"study":[21,57,135],"was":[22,58,112],"evaluate":[24],"the":[25,31,40,44,51,116,128,144,150,155,177,183,192],"potential":[26],"detect":[30],"variability":[32,148,202],"nitrogen":[34,235,253,259],"(N)":[35],"and":[36,69,83,94,125],"potassium":[37],"(K)":[38],"in":[39,63,104,127,149,255],"canopy":[42,152],"at":[43,206,227],"early":[45,175,207,228,250],"growth":[46,54,158,180,209,229],"stages":[47,210,230],"maize":[49,70,151,193,232,256],"(before":[50],"V6":[52],"stage).":[55],"This":[56],"conducted":[59],"under":[60,141],"greenhouse":[61],"conditions":[62],"pots":[64],"filled":[65],"with":[66,74,78,195],"silica":[67],"sand,":[68],"plants":[71,194],"were":[72,87],"supplied":[73],"modified":[75],"Hoagland\u2019s":[76],"solution":[77],"different":[79],"rates":[80],"N":[82,124,147,168,225],"K.":[84],"Sensor":[85],"readings":[86],"collected":[88],"using":[89,96,239],"Multiplex\u00ae3":[91],"fluorescence":[92,119,139,184,240],"sensor":[93],"analyzed":[95],"ANOVA":[97],"(analysis":[98],"variance)":[100],"test":[102],"differences":[103],"response":[106],"rates.":[109],"Regression":[110],"analysis":[111],"used":[113],"assess":[115,224],"ability":[117],"sensor-based":[120,241],"indices":[121,140,185],"estimate":[123],"K":[126,189,196],"canopy.":[130],"results":[132,218],"indicate":[136],"that":[137],"all":[138],"consideration":[142],"enabled":[143,167],"detection":[145,170,251],"prior":[153],"V2":[156,178],"stage.":[159,181],"NBI_B":[161,242],"(nitrogen":[162],"balance":[163,246],"index":[164,166,247],"blue)":[165],"uptake":[169,226,254],"(R2":[171],"=":[172],"0.99)":[173],"as":[174,176,191,211],"However,":[182],"failed":[186],"identify":[188],"deficiency,":[190],"treatments":[197],"showed":[198],"little":[199],"no":[201],"measured":[212],"by":[213],"plant":[214],"tissue":[215],"analysis.":[216],"present":[219],"tremendous":[221],"opportunity":[222],"application.":[236],"We":[237],"recommend":[238],"or":[243],"NBI_R":[244],"(Nitrogen":[245],"red)":[248],"management.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}