{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008773850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","title":"Non-locally Enhanced Feature Fusion Network for Aircraft Recognition in Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Non-locally Enhanced Feature Fusion Network for Aircraft Recognition in Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008773850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","mag":"3008773850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12040681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/681/pdf?version=1582200046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/681/pdf?version=1582200046","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027048094","display_name":"Yunsheng Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-575X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunsheng Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039214810","display_name":"Xin Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051680867","display_name":"Yong Dou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1256-8934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Dou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009633263","display_name":"Hang Qie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7575-0733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Qie","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100381636","display_name":"Kang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6566-835X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039214810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.2944,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54716356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"681","last_page":"681"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7507548332214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.7211118936538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7055360078811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5588431358337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5100865960121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4940779507160187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4480036199092865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7507548332214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7211118936538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7055360078811646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5588431358337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5100865960121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4940779507160187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4480036199092865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12040681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/681/pdf?version=1582200046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aeb6ccf6dd3a4414bd8be021629fcd60","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aeb6ccf6dd3a4414bd8be021629fcd60","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 681 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/4/681/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 4; Pages: 681","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12040681","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12040681","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/4/681/pdf?version=1582200046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1282343097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1003405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1586149825","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1003405","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3811140779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802419","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249178904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5528610436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802419","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008773850.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3008773850.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56385144","https://openalex.org/W1566468975","https://openalex.org/W1624980979","https://openalex.org/W1625255723","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1976038415","https://openalex.org/W1990198827","https://openalex.org/W2010925179","https://openalex.org/W2015975137","https://openalex.org/W2041747316","https://openalex.org/W2048250827","https://openalex.org/W2088049833","https://openalex.org/W2097073572","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2126527280","https://openalex.org/W2127443896","https://openalex.org/W2128603878","https://openalex.org/W2138928013","https://openalex.org/W2161923272","https://openalex.org/W2162302936","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2202499615","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2349672151","https://openalex.org/W2369334084","https://openalex.org/W2378760051","https://openalex.org/W2515866431","https://openalex.org/W2548263298","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2726922549","https://openalex.org/W2765268259","https://openalex.org/W2783021904","https://openalex.org/W2883952309","https://openalex.org/W2884778528","https://openalex.org/W2887181327","https://openalex.org/W2921708311","https://openalex.org/W2952102074","https://openalex.org/W2962749812","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963113370","https://openalex.org/W2963402313","https://openalex.org/W2964054038","https://openalex.org/W3105577662","https://openalex.org/W4246333236","https://openalex.org/W6636494156","https://openalex.org/W6638319203","https://openalex.org/W6644277694","https://openalex.org/W6674723063","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6747659937","https://openalex.org/W6756342790","https://openalex.org/W7061348302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3103844505","https://openalex.org/W259157601","https://openalex.org/W4205463238","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W2404514746","https://openalex.org/W1652783584","https://openalex.org/W2082783427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aircraft":[0],"recognition":[1,36,56,200],"has":[2],"great":[3],"application":[4],"value,":[5],"but":[6],"aircraft":[7,35,46,51,58,94,134,214],"in":[8,93,184,222],"remote":[9],"sensing":[10],"images":[11],"have":[12],"some":[13],"problems":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"low":[17],"resolution,":[18],"poor":[19,21],"contrasts,":[20],"sharpness,":[22],"and":[23,47,73,101,113,154,224],"lack":[24],"of":[25,45,57,79,85,132,158,181,192,202,210,215,239],"details":[26],"caused":[27],"by":[28,170],"the":[29,34,48,54,80,90,103,110,115,133,136,142,146,149,156,163,172,179,185,190,198,203,216,232,237],"vertical":[30],"view,":[31],"which":[32,128,196,235],"make":[33,76],"very":[37],"difficult.":[38],"Especially":[39],"when":[40],"there":[41],"are":[42,52],"many":[43,213],"kinds":[44],"differences":[49,221],"between":[50],"subtle,":[53],"fine-grained":[55],"is":[59],"more":[60,107],"challenging.":[61],"In":[62,168],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"we":[65,96,121,176],"propose":[66,122],"a":[67,123],"non-locally":[68,98],"enhanced":[69,99],"feature":[70,125,138],"fusion":[71,126],"network(NLFFNet)":[72],"attempt":[74],"to":[75,89,105,109,118],"full":[77,151,165],"use":[78],"features":[81,116,144,157],"from":[82],"discriminative":[83],"parts":[84,131,147,160],"aircraft.":[86],"First,":[87],"according":[88],"long-distance":[91],"self-correlation":[92],"images,":[95],"adopt":[97],"operation":[100],"guide":[102],"network":[104],"pay":[106],"attention":[108],"discriminating":[111],"areas":[112],"enhance":[114,178],"beneficial":[117],"classification.":[119],"Second,":[120],"part-level":[124],"mechanism(PFF),":[127],"crops":[129],"5":[130],"on":[135,231],"shared":[137],"maps,":[139],"then":[140],"extracts":[141],"subtle":[143],"inside":[145],"through":[148,162],"part":[150],"connection":[152,166],"layer(PFC)":[153],"fuses":[155],"these":[159],"together":[161],"combined":[164],"layer(CFC).":[167],"addition,":[169],"adopting":[171],"improved":[173],"loss":[174,186],"function,":[175],"can":[177,227],"weight":[180,191],"hard":[182,194],"examples":[183],"function":[187],"meanwhile":[188],"reducing":[189],"excessively":[193],"examples,":[195],"improves":[197],"overall":[199],"ability":[201],"network.":[204],"The":[205],"dataset":[206],"includes":[207],"47":[208],"categories":[209],"aircraft,":[211],"including":[212],"same":[217],"family":[218],"with":[219],"slight":[220],"appearance,":[223],"our":[225,240],"method":[226],"achieve":[228],"89.12%":[229],"accuracy":[230],"test":[233],"dataset,":[234],"proves":[236],"effectiveness":[238],"method.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
