{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998650468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","title":"A Sensitivity Study of the 4.8 \u00b5m Carbon Dioxide Absorption Band in the MWIR Spectral Range","display_name":"A Sensitivity Study of the 4.8 \u00b5m Carbon Dioxide Absorption Band in the MWIR Spectral Range","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998650468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","mag":"2998650468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/172/pdf?version=1578039781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/172/pdf?version=1578039781","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061174693","display_name":"Vito Romaniello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9238-4483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vito Romaniello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071059178","display_name":"Claudia Spinetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-5666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Spinetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1861-5666","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086247087","display_name":"Malvina Silvestri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6519-3868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malvina Silvestri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6519-3868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082578553","display_name":"Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-6974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29078338","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Fabrizia Buongiorno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6095-6974","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061174693"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29078338"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.3051,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80450418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"172","last_page":"172"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiance","display_name":"Radiance","score":0.7241242527961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6874580979347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","score":0.6763230562210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace-gas","display_name":"Trace gas","score":0.5811916589736938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorption","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","score":0.5236180424690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humidity","display_name":"Humidity","score":0.4994385242462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4882107079029083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.46639057993888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.44809794425964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.4373590350151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.4242892265319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.42370671033859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-dioxide-in-earths-atmosphere","display_name":"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere","score":0.4139666259288788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.410695344209671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3493107557296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.23731467127799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.15786802768707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15314316749572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.09600445628166199}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.7241242527961731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6874580979347229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.6763230562210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130047971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289382","display_name":"Trace gas","level":2,"score":0.5811916589736938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5236180424690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151420433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Humidity","level":2,"score":0.4994385242462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4882107079029083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.46639057993888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.44809794425964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.4373590350151062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.4242892265319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.42370671033859253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195048187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4468919","display_name":"Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere","level":3,"score":0.4139666259288788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.410695344209671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3493107557296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.23731467127799988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15786802768707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15314316749572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.09600445628166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/172/pdf?version=1578039781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:477231e44ad94675906602cfdaf3ecd2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/477231e44ad94675906602cfdaf3ecd2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 172 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/1/172/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 1; Pages: 172","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010172","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/172/pdf?version=1578039781","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322256","display_name":"Agenzia Spaziale Italiana","ror":"https://ror.org/034zgem50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324838","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00qps9a02"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998650468.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998650468.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973221104","https://openalex.org/W1979036462","https://openalex.org/W1980646850","https://openalex.org/W1991011355","https://openalex.org/W1994405035","https://openalex.org/W1994426843","https://openalex.org/W1999761164","https://openalex.org/W2014879240","https://openalex.org/W2016183804","https://openalex.org/W2031360924","https://openalex.org/W2032394154","https://openalex.org/W2033063133","https://openalex.org/W2038246200","https://openalex.org/W2039079331","https://openalex.org/W2080184313","https://openalex.org/W2090531364","https://openalex.org/W2106471857","https://openalex.org/W2172221168","https://openalex.org/W2578712893","https://openalex.org/W2753948028","https://openalex.org/W2756223094","https://openalex.org/W2763551617","https://openalex.org/W2797140717","https://openalex.org/W2895968317","https://openalex.org/W2899658391","https://openalex.org/W2902278517","https://openalex.org/W4299407529","https://openalex.org/W6642637650","https://openalex.org/W6650102602","https://openalex.org/W6945245812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2896728493","https://openalex.org/W2392142157","https://openalex.org/W2043512367","https://openalex.org/W4321518006","https://openalex.org/W2331836163","https://openalex.org/W2005276308","https://openalex.org/W1970182911","https://openalex.org/W2349443037","https://openalex.org/W1994657804","https://openalex.org/W2347721387"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,169,209,293],"measurements":[1],"of":[2,15,35,39,50,67,83,103,111,121,124,152,160,171,196,213,247,261],"gas":[3,53,228,251],"concentrations":[4],"in":[5,20,200,221,226,250,314],"the":[6,13,27,33,44,56,65,68,80,97,101,109,112,122,172,175,201,227,234,255,258,265,275,282,300,315],"atmosphere":[7],"are":[8],"recently":[9],"developed":[10],"thanks":[11],"to":[12,42,63,75,99,136,174,190,223,237,278,290,304,319,328],"availability":[14],"gases":[16],"absorbing":[17],"spectral":[18,205],"channels":[19],"space":[21,107],"sensors":[22,199],"and":[23,48,54,78,93,156,163,216],"strictly":[24],"depending":[25],"on":[26,140,264],"instrument":[28],"performances.":[29],"In":[30],"particular,":[31],"measuring":[32],"sources":[34,87],"carbon":[36,239],"dioxide":[37,240],"is":[38],"high":[40,143,191],"interest":[41],"know":[43],"distribution,":[45],"both":[46],"spatial":[47,81],"vertical,":[49],"this":[51],"greenhouse":[52],"quantify":[55],"natural/anthropogenic":[57],"sources.":[58],"present":[60],"study":[61],"aims":[62],"understand":[64],"sensitivity":[66,170,235,295],"CO2":[69,113,153,176],"absorption":[70,116],"band":[71,117],"at":[72,322],"4.8":[73,114],"\u00b5m":[74,115,215,218,306],"possibly":[76],"detect":[77],"measure":[79],"distribution":[82],"emissions":[84],"from":[85,166,188,271,288,317,326],"point":[86,145],"(i.e.,":[88],"degassing":[89],"volcanic":[90,142],"plumes,":[91],"fires,":[92],"industrial":[94],"emissions).":[95],"With":[96],"aim":[98],"define":[100],"characteristics":[102],"future":[104],"multispectral":[105],"imaging":[106,198],"radiometers,":[108],"performance":[110],"was":[118],"investigated.":[119],"Simulations":[120,230],"\u201cTop":[123],"Atmosphere\u201d":[125],"(TOA)":[126],"radiance":[127,263],"have":[128],"been":[129,179,297],"performed":[130],"by":[131],"using":[132],"real":[133],"input":[134],"data":[135],"reproduce":[137],"realistic":[138],"scenarios":[139],"a":[141,244],"elevation":[144],"source":[146],"(>2":[147],"km):":[148],"actual":[149],"atmospheric":[150,158],"background":[151],"(~400":[154],"ppm)":[155],"vertical":[157],"profiles":[159],"pressure,":[161],"temperature,":[162],"humidity":[164],"obtained":[165,298],"probe":[167],"balloons.":[168],"channel":[173,210,301],"concentration":[177,241],"has":[178,296],"analyzed":[180],"also":[181],"varying":[182],"surface":[183,266,323],"temperatures":[184,286,324],"as":[185],"environmental":[186],"conditions":[187],"standard":[189],"temperature.":[192],"Furthermore,":[193],"response":[194],"functions":[195],"operational":[197],"middle":[202],"wave":[203],"infrared":[204],"region":[206],"were":[207,219],"used.":[208],"width":[211,302],"values":[212,313],"0.15":[214,305],"0.30":[217],"tested":[220],"order":[222],"find":[224],"changes":[225,242],"concentration.":[229,253],"provide":[231],"results":[232,256],"about":[233],"necessary":[236],"appreciate":[238],"considering":[243,299],"target":[245],"variation":[246],"10":[248],"ppm":[249],"column":[252],"Moreover,":[254],"show":[257],"strong":[259],"dependence":[260],"at-sensor":[262],"temperature:":[267],"radiances":[268],"sharply":[269],"increase,":[270],"1":[272],"Wm\u22122sr\u22121\u00b5m\u22121":[273,280],"(in":[274,281],"\u201cstandard":[276],"condition\u201d)":[277],">1200":[279],"warmest":[283],"case)":[284],"when":[285],"increase":[287],"300":[289,327],"1000":[291,329],"K.":[292,330],"highest":[294],"equal":[303],"with":[307],"noise":[308],"equivalent":[309],"delta":[310],"temperature":[311],"(NEDT)":[312],"range":[316],"0.045":[318],"0.56":[320],"K":[321],"ranging":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}