{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998413408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","title":"Change Detection of Soil Formation Rate in Space and Time Based on Multi Source Data and Geospatial Analysis Techniques","display_name":"Change Detection of Soil Formation Rate in Space and Time Based on Multi Source Data and Geospatial Analysis Techniques","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998413408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","mag":"2998413408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/121/pdf?version=1578363377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/121/pdf?version=1578363377","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100438919","display_name":"Qin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6971-2052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374849","display_name":"Shijie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8955-6732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shijie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083113681","display_name":"Xiaoyong Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-5574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087731","display_name":"Guizhou Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/002x6f380","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087731"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyong Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi\u2019an 710061, China","Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an 710061, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi\u2019an 710061, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087731"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an 710061, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102470259","display_name":"Guangjie Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087731","display_name":"Guizhou Education University","ror":"https://ror.org/002x6f380","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087731"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjie Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087731"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110367394","display_name":"Xiaoqing Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqing Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geo-Engineering Investigation Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550008, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geo-Engineering Investigation Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550008, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101188950","display_name":"Yichao Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128032","display_name":"Beibu Gulf University","ror":"https://ror.org/031j0at32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128032"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yichao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Guangxi 530000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Guangxi 530000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101075959","display_name":"Zeyin Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeyin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008702674","display_name":"Yujie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3530-4322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154893126","display_name":"Guizhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x1pa065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021182052","display_name":"Shiqi Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-483X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135735","display_name":"Institute of Geochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/049d6bh38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154893126","display_name":"Guizhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02x1pa065","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqi Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Puding 562100, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135735","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154893126"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083113681"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210087731","https://openalex.org/I4210135735"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.9306,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89144158,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"121","last_page":"121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12083","display_name":"Karst Systems and Hydrogeology","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geospatial-analysis","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","score":0.6039272546768188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5980086922645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatialization","display_name":"Spatialization","score":0.5355057716369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erosion","display_name":"Erosion","score":0.5252755880355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.4930097758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.4803648889064789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karst","display_name":"Karst","score":0.4592468738555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostatistics","display_name":"Geostatistics","score":0.43849965929985046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3571264147758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.34443268179893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.29546234011650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.2404555380344391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"Spatial variability","score":0.20002764463424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11261492967605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.09887483716011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08302426338195801}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.6039272546768188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5980086922645569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777031145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4430987","display_name":"Spatialization","level":2,"score":0.5355057716369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123157820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80026","display_name":"Erosion","level":2,"score":0.5252755880355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.4930097758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.4803648889064789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182348080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16817","display_name":"Karst","level":2,"score":0.4592468738555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125572338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1440020","display_name":"Geostatistics","level":3,"score":0.43849965929985046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3571264147758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.34443268179893494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.29546234011650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.2404555380344391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.20002764463424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11261492967605591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09887483716011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08302426338195801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/121/pdf?version=1578363377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bd475a6fa54542219d6f9f57716454bb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bd475a6fa54542219d6f9f57716454bb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 121 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/12/1/121/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 12; Issue 1; Pages: 121","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs12010121","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12010121","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/1/121/pdf?version=1578363377","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8011676612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41571130074 & 41571130042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331771","display_name":"European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts","ror":"https://ror.org/014w0fd65"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998413408.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998413408.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964360857","https://openalex.org/W1981261000","https://openalex.org/W1990022325","https://openalex.org/W2008587428","https://openalex.org/W2022270279","https://openalex.org/W2022548072","https://openalex.org/W2032082363","https://openalex.org/W2042900198","https://openalex.org/W2049773644","https://openalex.org/W2057387551","https://openalex.org/W2060372990","https://openalex.org/W2062985039","https://openalex.org/W2117490284","https://openalex.org/W2119132330","https://openalex.org/W2121745948","https://openalex.org/W2132874271","https://openalex.org/W2151454884","https://openalex.org/W2168649638","https://openalex.org/W2271701163","https://openalex.org/W2348482759","https://openalex.org/W2349693411","https://openalex.org/W2350498275","https://openalex.org/W2360944207","https://openalex.org/W2372412760","https://openalex.org/W2373396385","https://openalex.org/W2377864566","https://openalex.org/W2384336876","https://openalex.org/W2385401405","https://openalex.org/W2390317897","https://openalex.org/W2493641397","https://openalex.org/W2512552452","https://openalex.org/W2561864212","https://openalex.org/W2588979961","https://openalex.org/W2734948916","https://openalex.org/W2750793278","https://openalex.org/W2782645339","https://openalex.org/W2789553101","https://openalex.org/W2794317980","https://openalex.org/W2795066259","https://openalex.org/W2795353886","https://openalex.org/W2802948521","https://openalex.org/W2809470322","https://openalex.org/W2811111681","https://openalex.org/W2888558369","https://openalex.org/W2894774770","https://openalex.org/W2896955771","https://openalex.org/W2941086488","https://openalex.org/W2941428873","https://openalex.org/W2942919177","https://openalex.org/W2946369946","https://openalex.org/W2954728882","https://openalex.org/W2965915724","https://openalex.org/W2968245025","https://openalex.org/W2971098993","https://openalex.org/W2971667586","https://openalex.org/W3175797661","https://openalex.org/W6750415941","https://openalex.org/W6981548852","https://openalex.org/W7005990694","https://openalex.org/W7027563575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2914180156","https://openalex.org/W1569041127","https://openalex.org/W2394754938","https://openalex.org/W1540984014","https://openalex.org/W2380862391","https://openalex.org/W2004572838","https://openalex.org/W2363300787","https://openalex.org/W3012455421","https://openalex.org/W2364438452","https://openalex.org/W55177745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spatialization":[0],"of":[1,23,34,40,45,65,68,78,137,182,190],"soil":[2,12,130,194],"formation":[3],"rate":[4,19,77,110],"(SFR)":[5],"is":[6,162],"always":[7],"a":[8,114],"difficult":[9],"problem":[10],"in":[11,20,48],"genesis.":[13],"In":[14],"this":[15],"study,":[16],"the":[17,26,32,43,63,66,74,92,135,138,142,148,157,167,178,187],"dissolution":[18,76,109],"karst":[21],"areas":[22],"China":[24],"during":[25],"period":[27],"1983\u20132015":[28],"was":[29,60,132],"estimated":[30],"on":[31,62,134],"basis":[33,64,136],"geospatial":[35,183],"analysis":[36,184],"techniques":[37],"and":[38,84,91,97,111,121,141,147,176,180,193],"detection":[39],"variation":[41],"via":[42],"law":[44],"chemical":[46],"thermodynamics":[47],"conjunction":[49],"with":[50,118,144,159],"long-term":[51],"serial":[52],"ecohydrology":[53],"data.":[54],"SFR":[55,93,112,139],"at":[56,88,103],"different":[57],"lithological":[58],"backgrounds":[59],"calculated":[61],"content":[67],"acid-insoluble":[69],"substances.":[70],"Results":[71,154],"showed":[72],"that":[73,156],"spatial":[75],"carbonate":[79],"rock":[80,191],"ranges":[81,94],"between":[82,95],"0":[83],"106":[85],"mm/ka,":[86,90],"averaged":[87,102],"22.51":[89],"10":[96],"134.93":[98],"t":[99,105,123],"km\u22122":[100,106,124],"yr\u22121,":[101,125],"18.59":[104],"yr\u22121.":[107],"The":[108,127],"exhibit":[113],"slight":[115],"increasing":[116],"trend":[117],"0.04":[119],"mm/ka":[120],"0.003":[122],"respectively.":[126],"risk":[128,146,161],"for":[129],"erosion":[131,145,160],"reevaluated":[133],"results,":[140],"area":[143,151,158],"ecologically":[149,168],"safe":[150,169],"were":[152],"corrected.":[153],"indicated":[155],"four":[163],"times":[164],"higher":[165],"than":[166],"area.":[170],"This":[171],"study":[172],"will":[173],"hopefully":[174],"instigate":[175],"facilitate":[177],"application":[179],"popularization":[181],"technology":[185],"to":[186],"research":[188],"field":[189],"weathering":[192],"formation.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T09:09:15.849793","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}