{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2994942492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","title":"Mapping of Snow Depth by Blending Satellite and In-Situ Data Using Two-Dimensional Optimal Interpolation\u2014Application to AMSR2","display_name":"Mapping of Snow Depth by Blending Satellite and In-Situ Data Using Two-Dimensional Optimal Interpolation\u2014Application to AMSR2","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2994942492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","mag":"2994942492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11243049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/3049/pdf?version=1576576755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/3049/pdf?version=1576576755","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043299632","display_name":"Cezar Kongoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-0064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cezar Kongoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20740, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC), University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064564620","display_name":"Jeffrey R. Key","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308126019","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Key","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Environmental Satellite Information Center (NESDIS), Madison, WI 53706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Environmental Satellite Information Center (NESDIS), Madison, WI 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102909286","display_name":"Thomas M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-7849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308126019","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089050","display_name":"NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service","ror":"https://ror.org/007qwym43","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308126019","https://openalex.org/I1343035065","https://openalex.org/I4210089050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Environmental Satellite Information Center (NESDIS), College Park, MD 20740, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Environmental Satellite Information Center (NESDIS), College Park, MD 20740, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089050","https://openalex.org/I1308126019"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043299632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.374,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64248181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"24","first_page":"3049","last_page":"3049"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.8546069860458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6942516565322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.6779399514198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6256478428840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.5735942125320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5243154764175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5053353905677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.4668481945991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.44938531517982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer","display_name":"Radiometer","score":0.4180401861667633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.37988871335983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1490601897239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.125090092420578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.08082389831542969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.8546069860458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6942516565322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.6779399514198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6256478428840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.5735942125320435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5243154764175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5053353905677795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.4668481945991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.44938531517982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.4180401861667633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.37988871335983276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1490601897239685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.125090092420578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.08082389831542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11243049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/3049/pdf?version=1576576755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/24/3049/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 24; Pages: 3049","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11243049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11243049","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/3049/pdf?version=1576576755","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5482610351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA18NWS4680053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","funder_display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7171111317","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NA18NWS4680053.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","funder_display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994942492.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994942492.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521627754","https://openalex.org/W1857894701","https://openalex.org/W1970641180","https://openalex.org/W1983832403","https://openalex.org/W1987288027","https://openalex.org/W1989943753","https://openalex.org/W2001233509","https://openalex.org/W2013772744","https://openalex.org/W2036956608","https://openalex.org/W2041863660","https://openalex.org/W2076340991","https://openalex.org/W2090239904","https://openalex.org/W2091321748","https://openalex.org/W2101225175","https://openalex.org/W2126468629","https://openalex.org/W2131010628","https://openalex.org/W2132468394","https://openalex.org/W2166252673","https://openalex.org/W2169880216","https://openalex.org/W2169973869","https://openalex.org/W2324627161","https://openalex.org/W2514631964","https://openalex.org/W4242609942","https://openalex.org/W6675196325","https://openalex.org/W6725921232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W4386906247","https://openalex.org/W4206741056","https://openalex.org/W3040595263","https://openalex.org/W1621772017","https://openalex.org/W4239147863","https://openalex.org/W2909855017","https://openalex.org/W2352163239","https://openalex.org/W2264981486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,100,124],"development":[1],"of":[2,42,74,83,90,98,140,180],"a":[3,34],"snow":[4,24,35,49,64,84,111,115,184],"depth":[5,36,50,65,85,112,116],"product":[6],"over":[7,126,145,155],"North":[8,127],"America":[9,128],"is":[10,77,102],"investigated":[11],"by":[12],"applying":[13],"two-dimensional":[14],"optimal":[15,75],"interpolation":[16],"to":[17,104,153,167],"passive":[18],"microwave":[19],"satellite-derived":[20,48],"and":[21,45,62,93,113,186],"in-situ":[22,114],"measured":[23],"depth.":[25],"At":[26],"each":[27],"snow-covered":[28],"satellite":[29,63,71,142,181],"footprint,":[30],"the":[31,39,47,57,60,70,119,134,138,141,160,178],"technique":[32,101,135,161],"computes":[33],"increment":[37],"as":[38,56,88],"weighted":[40],"average":[41],"data":[43,182],"increments,":[44,86],"updates":[46],"accordingly.":[51],"Data":[52],"increments":[53],"are":[54],"computed":[55],"difference":[58,95],"between":[59,96],"in-situ-measured":[61],"at":[66],"station":[67],"locations":[68],"surrounding":[69],"footprint.":[72],"Calculation":[73],"weights":[76],"based":[78],"on":[79],"spatial":[80],"lag":[81],"autocorrelation":[82],"modelled":[87],"functions":[89],"horizontal":[91],"distance":[92],"elevation":[94,157],"pairs":[97],"observations.":[99],"applied":[103],"Advanced":[105],"Microwave":[106],"Scanning":[107],"Radiometer":[108],"2":[109],"(AMSR2)":[110],"obtained":[117],"from":[118,169],"Global":[120,171],"Historical":[121],"Climatology":[122],"Network.":[123],"results":[125],"during":[129],"January\u2013February":[130],"2017":[131],"indicate":[132],"that":[133,154,168],"greatly":[136],"enhances":[137],"performance":[139],"estimates,":[143],"especially":[144],"mountain":[146],"terrain,":[147],"albeit":[148],"with":[149,174],"an":[150],"accuracy":[151],"inferior":[152],"low":[156],"areas.":[158],"Moreover,":[159],"generates":[162],"more":[163],"accurate":[164],"output":[165],"compared":[166],"NOAA\u2019s":[170],"Forecast":[172],"System,":[173],"implications":[175],"for":[176],"improving":[177],"utilization":[179],"in":[183],"assessments":[185],"numerical":[187],"weather":[188],"prediction.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}
