{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995962329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","title":"Analysis of Grassland Degradation in Zona da Mata, MG, Brazil, Based on NDVI Time Series Data with the Integration of Phenological Metrics","display_name":"Analysis of Grassland Degradation in Zona da Mata, MG, Brazil, Based on NDVI Time Series Data with the Integration of Phenological Metrics","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995962329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","mag":"2995962329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11242956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/2956/pdf?version=1575974428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/2956/pdf?version=1575974428","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011986247","display_name":"Marcos Cicarini Hott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0653-5877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199691007","display_name":"Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0482b5b22","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcos C. Hott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031992208","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Marcelo Tavares de Carvalho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3516-987X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315085146","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Lavras","ror":"https://ror.org/0122bmm03","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis M. T. Carvalho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000 Lavras, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047647712","display_name":"Mauro Ant\u00f4nio Homem Antunes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-6227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161460629","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro","ror":"https://ror.org/00xwgyp12","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro A. H. Antunes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000 Serop\u00e9dica, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23897-000 Serop\u00e9dica, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161460629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109415503","display_name":"J. C. de Resende","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199691007","display_name":"Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0482b5b22","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u00e3o C. Resende","raw_affiliation_strings":["Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058084799","display_name":"Wadson Sebasti\u00e3o Duarte da Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-3487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I199691007","display_name":"Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0482b5b22","country_code":"BR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wadson S. D. Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria\u2014Embrapa Gado de Leite, 36038-330 Juiz de Fora, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I199691007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031992208"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315085146"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5597,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83655607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"24","first_page":"2956","last_page":"2956"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13058","display_name":"Soil and Land Suitability Analysis","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overgrazing","display_name":"Overgrazing","score":0.6697566509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.6483333110809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenology","display_name":"Phenology","score":0.6369840502738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassland","display_name":"Grassland","score":0.6365179419517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5881403684616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassland-degradation","display_name":"Grassland degradation","score":0.5627773404121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4886777698993683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.47065606713294983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.45293715596199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.43245330452919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3505331873893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.2642741799354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20746895670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19540569186210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14375153183937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.09474334120750427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grazing","display_name":"Grazing","score":0.08439469337463379}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91770344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334487","display_name":"Overgrazing","level":3,"score":0.6697566509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.6483333110809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.6369840502738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775835988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733","display_name":"Grassland","level":2,"score":0.6365179419517517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5881403684616089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779179000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17077080","display_name":"Grassland degradation","level":3,"score":0.5627773404121399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4886777698993683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.47065606713294983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.45293715596199036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.43245330452919006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3505331873893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.2642741799354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20746895670890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19540569186210632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14375153183937073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.09474334120750427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3239189","display_name":"Grazing","level":2,"score":0.08439469337463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11242956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/2956/pdf?version=1575974428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:2121958","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1118582","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"reponame:Reposit\u00f3rio Institucional da EMBRAPA","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/24/2956/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 24; Pages: 2956","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11242956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242956","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/24/2956/pdf?version=1575974428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G359083700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Brazil","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321675","funder_display_name":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321675","display_name":"Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria","ror":"https://ror.org/0482b5b22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327178","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Lavras","ror":"https://ror.org/0122bmm03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995962329.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995962329.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524771255","https://openalex.org/W1550023159","https://openalex.org/W1552362148","https://openalex.org/W1894305952","https://openalex.org/W1965619991","https://openalex.org/W1970552891","https://openalex.org/W1972714095","https://openalex.org/W1973737190","https://openalex.org/W1980522554","https://openalex.org/W1981028777","https://openalex.org/W1986802129","https://openalex.org/W1988818196","https://openalex.org/W1996351965","https://openalex.org/W2005571987","https://openalex.org/W2014635522","https://openalex.org/W2017392369","https://openalex.org/W2021099147","https://openalex.org/W2033553885","https://openalex.org/W2050210882","https://openalex.org/W2054674045","https://openalex.org/W2060146954","https://openalex.org/W2061778335","https://openalex.org/W2066098365","https://openalex.org/W2066568179","https://openalex.org/W2069889975","https://openalex.org/W2077214952","https://openalex.org/W2092722122","https://openalex.org/W2095038740","https://openalex.org/W2113410727","https://openalex.org/W2126583978","https://openalex.org/W2136050606","https://openalex.org/W2137455749","https://openalex.org/W2154447589","https://openalex.org/W2158970317","https://openalex.org/W2161132694","https://openalex.org/W2180071121","https://openalex.org/W2181097983","https://openalex.org/W2228551942","https://openalex.org/W2329771974","https://openalex.org/W2341760625","https://openalex.org/W2349693411","https://openalex.org/W2357552967","https://openalex.org/W2478012803","https://openalex.org/W2634251853","https://openalex.org/W2797997284","https://openalex.org/W2800717909","https://openalex.org/W2809417514","https://openalex.org/W2899819011","https://openalex.org/W2979773500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2384175014","https://openalex.org/W2385019392","https://openalex.org/W2388740048","https://openalex.org/W3119614109","https://openalex.org/W2364750943","https://openalex.org/W2384346443","https://openalex.org/W2049464076","https://openalex.org/W2376045484","https://openalex.org/W2357562218","https://openalex.org/W3144785754"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,43],"currently":[2],"a":[3,93,106,258],"lot":[4],"of":[5,11,31,40,223],"interest":[6],"in":[7,25,57,92],"determining":[8],"the":[9,29,46,55,74,101,115,123,126,129,135,142,157,163,169,173,224,244],"state":[10],"Brazilian":[12,26],"grasslands.":[13],"Governmental":[14],"actions":[15],"and":[16,35,51,105,128,132,146,162,178,218,228,257],"programs":[17],"have":[18],"recently":[19],"been":[20],"implemented":[21],"for":[22,54,119,134,172,237],"grassland":[23,143,238],"recovery":[24],"states,":[27],"with":[28,168,208,216,247],"aim":[30,39],"improving":[32],"production":[33],"systems":[34],"socioeconomic":[36],"indicators.":[37],"The":[38,149],"this":[41],"study":[42],"to":[44,140,212],"evaluate":[45],"vegetative":[47,151,204],"growth,":[48],"temporal":[49,112,150],"vigor,":[50],"long-term":[52,209],"scenarios":[53],"grasslands":[56,199,225],"Zona":[58],"da":[59],"Mata,":[60],"Minas":[61],"Gerais":[62],"State,":[63],"Brazil,":[64],"by":[65],"integrating":[66],"phenological":[67],"metrics.":[68],"We":[69],"used":[70],"metrics":[71,170],"derived":[72],"from":[73,82],"normalized":[75],"difference":[76],"vegetation":[77,144],"index":[78,117],"(NDVI)":[79],"time":[80,136,175,207],"series":[81,194],"moderate":[83,203],"resolution":[84],"imaging":[85],"spectroradiometer":[86],"(MODIS)":[87],"data,":[88,250],"which":[89,251],"were":[90,138,188,252],"analyzed":[91],"geographic":[94],"information":[95],"system":[96,109],"(GIS),":[97],"using":[98,156,243,254],"multicriteria":[99],"analysis,":[100],"analytical":[102],"hierarchy":[103],"process,":[104],"simplified":[107],"expert":[108],"(ESS).":[110],"These":[111],"metrics,":[113],"i.e.,":[114],"growth":[116],"(GI)":[118],"16-day":[120],"periods":[121],"during":[122],"growing":[124],"season;":[125],"slope;":[127],"maximum,":[130],"minimum,":[131],"mean":[133],"series,":[137,176],"integrated":[139],"investigate":[141],"conditions":[145],"degradation":[147,184],"level.":[148],"vigor":[152,205],"was":[153,241],"successfully":[154],"described":[155],"rescaled":[158],"range":[159],"(R/S":[160],"statistic)":[161],"Hurst":[164],"exponent,":[165],"which,":[166],"together":[167],"estimated":[171],"full":[174],"imagery,":[177],"field":[179,259],"observations,":[180],"indicated":[181],"areas":[182,186],"undergoing":[183],"or":[185,202],"that":[187,197],"inadequately":[189],"managed":[190],"(approximately":[191,232],"61.5%).":[192],"Time":[193],"analysis":[195],"revealed":[196],"most":[198],"showed":[200,226],"low":[201],"over":[206],"persistence":[210],"due":[211],"farming":[213],"practices":[214],"associated":[215],"burning":[217],"overgrazing.":[219],"A":[220,234],"small":[221],"part":[222],"high":[227],"sustainable":[229],"plant":[230],"densities":[231],"8.5%).":[233],"map":[235],"legend":[236],"management":[239],"guidelines":[240],"developed":[242],"proposed":[245],"method":[246],"remote":[248],"sensing":[249],"applied":[253],"GIS":[255],"software":[256],"campaign.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
