{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2977739483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","title":"Detection of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Using a Deep Neural Network and Color Imaging","display_name":"Detection of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Using a Deep Neural Network and Color Imaging","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2977739483","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","mag":"2977739483"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11222658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2658/pdf?version=1582939523","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2658/pdf?version=1582939523","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059760039","display_name":"Ruicheng Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-5712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruicheng Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research-Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research-Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070057804","display_name":"Ce Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-118X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ce Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101570535","display_name":"Ali Moghimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-8365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Moghimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353075","display_name":"Man Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5918-7290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research-Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research-Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087006924","display_name":"Brian J. Steffenson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-5363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian J. Steffenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015912463","display_name":"Cory D. Hirsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-758X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cory D. Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070057804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.3456,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96430962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"22","first_page":"2658","last_page":"2658"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10825","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10825","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10520","display_name":"Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.667808473110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5474992990493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5325759053230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5199233889579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4969659149646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germplasm","display_name":"Germplasm","score":0.496207058429718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4926167130470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusarium","display_name":"Fusarium","score":0.4384796917438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.25557711720466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.23007062077522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"Horticulture","score":0.0962323248386383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.667808473110199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5474992990493774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5325759053230286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5199233889579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4969659149646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777461220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q589029","display_name":"Germplasm","level":2,"score":0.496207058429718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4926167130470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778867309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131672","display_name":"Fusarium","level":2,"score":0.4384796917438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.25557711720466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.23007062077522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.0962323248386383}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11222658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2658/pdf?version=1582939523","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/22/2658/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 22; Pages: 2658","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11222658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/22/2658/pdf?version=1582939523","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G404457396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"58-5062-8-018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8184211204","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31971786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309636","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977739483.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2977739483.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1748584362","https://openalex.org/W1986191801","https://openalex.org/W1996685003","https://openalex.org/W2003430147","https://openalex.org/W2042052113","https://openalex.org/W2092501830","https://openalex.org/W2095396822","https://openalex.org/W2110764733","https://openalex.org/W2146112868","https://openalex.org/W2161742028","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2261527505","https://openalex.org/W2282308409","https://openalex.org/W2416296674","https://openalex.org/W2473156356","https://openalex.org/W2758810255","https://openalex.org/W2761162227","https://openalex.org/W2773108855","https://openalex.org/W2788640574","https://openalex.org/W2789973671","https://openalex.org/W2791303772","https://openalex.org/W2804953474","https://openalex.org/W2805740944","https://openalex.org/W2833806103","https://openalex.org/W2899128648","https://openalex.org/W2901871634","https://openalex.org/W2907194960","https://openalex.org/W2907625092","https://openalex.org/W2916084569","https://openalex.org/W2918702753","https://openalex.org/W2922483468","https://openalex.org/W2944248482","https://openalex.org/W2953027458","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W3121328550","https://openalex.org/W4246965267","https://openalex.org/W4250462903","https://openalex.org/W6750231858"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2351833475","https://openalex.org/W2390522107","https://openalex.org/W2359194509","https://openalex.org/W2384861711","https://openalex.org/W981080659","https://openalex.org/W2354876815","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fusarium":[0],"head":[1],"blight":[2],"(FHB)":[3],"is":[4,37,76],"a":[5,87,105,138,151,216,231],"devastating":[6],"disease":[7,67],"of":[8,17,33,39,47,111,128,176,181,210,227,244,275,299],"wheat":[9,35,112,129,278],"worldwide.":[10],"In":[11],"addition":[12],"to":[13,43,58,74,114,143,149,222,237],"reducing":[14],"the":[15,18,20,29,40,45,59,62,66,99,132,164,171,174,179,188,197,202,208,211,224,241,250,257,285,297,300,304],"yield":[16],"crop,":[19],"causal":[21],"pathogens":[22],"also":[23],"produce":[24],"mycotoxins":[25],"that":[26,163,249,268],"can":[27,288],"contaminate":[28],"grain.":[30],"The":[31,192],"development":[32],"resistant":[34],"varieties":[36],"one":[38],"best":[41],"ways":[42],"reduce":[44],"impact":[46],"FHB.":[48],"To":[49,85],"develop":[50,86],"such":[51],"varieties,":[52],"breeders":[53],"must":[54],"expose":[55],"germplasm":[56],"lines":[57],"pathogen":[60],"in":[61,98,137,170,262,277,303],"field":[63],"and":[64,79,89,122,141,187,196,230,239,259,284,292],"assess":[65],"reaction.":[68],"Phenotyping":[69],"breeding":[70],"materials":[71],"for":[72,95,107,178,201,213],"resistance":[73],"FHB":[75,97,276,301],"time-consuming,":[77],"labor-intensive,":[78],"expensive":[80],"when":[81],"using":[82,119,157],"conventional":[83],"protocols.":[84],"reliable":[88],"cost-effective":[90],"high":[91],"throughput":[92],"phenotyping":[93],"system":[94],"assessing":[96],"field,":[100],"we":[101],"focused":[102],"on":[103,280],"developing":[104],"method":[106,261,287],"processing":[108,124],"color":[109,218,281],"images":[110,127,172],"spikes":[113,130,167,182,291],"accurately":[115,169],"detect":[116,240,290],"diseased":[117,242,264,293],"areas":[118,243],"deep":[120,152,269],"learning":[121,270],"image":[123,226,282],"techniques.":[125],"Color":[126],"at":[131],"milk":[133],"stage":[134],"were":[135,147],"collected":[136],"shadow":[139],"condition":[140],"processed":[142],"construct":[144],"datasets,":[145],"which":[146,295],"used":[148],"retrain":[150],"convolutional":[153],"neural":[154],"network":[155],"model":[156,165,189,193],"transfer":[158],"learning.":[159],"Testing":[160],"results":[161,212],"showed":[162,248],"detected":[166],"very":[168],"since":[173],"coefficient":[175],"determination":[177],"number":[180],"tallied":[183],"by":[184],"manual":[185],"count":[186],"was":[190,194,205,220,235],"0.80.":[191],"assessed,":[195],"mean":[198],"average":[199],"precision":[200],"testing":[203],"dataset":[204],"0.9201.":[206],"On":[207],"basis":[209],"spike":[214,229],"detection,":[215],"new":[217],"feature":[219],"applied":[221],"obtain":[223],"gray":[225],"each":[228,245],"modified":[232],"region-growing":[233],"algorithm":[234,253],"implemented":[236],"segment":[238],"spike.":[246],"Results":[247],"region":[251],"growing":[252],"performed":[254],"better":[255],"than":[256],"K-means":[258],"Otsu\u2019s":[260],"segmenting":[263],"areas.":[265],"We":[266],"demonstrated":[267],"techniques":[271],"enable":[272],"accurate":[273],"detection":[274],"based":[279],"analysis,":[283],"proposed":[286],"effectively":[289],"areas,":[294],"improves":[296],"efficiency":[298],"assessment":[302],"field.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
