{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2985898567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","title":"Fuzzy Object-Based Image Analysis Methods Using Sentinel-2A and Landsat-8 Data to Map and Characterize Soil Surface Residue","display_name":"Fuzzy Object-Based Image Analysis Methods Using Sentinel-2A and Landsat-8 Data to Map and Characterize Soil Surface Residue","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2985898567","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","mag":"2985898567"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11212583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2583/pdf?version=1573019177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2583/pdf?version=1573019177","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088330858","display_name":"Payam Najafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-9831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Payam Najafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071970283","display_name":"Hossein Navid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3694-5175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Navid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049774137","display_name":"Bakhtiar Feizizadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-2925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41832843","display_name":"University of Tabriz","ror":"https://ror.org/01papkj44","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakhtiar Feizizadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of GIS and RS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-2925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of GIS and RS, Faculty of Geography, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083311731","display_name":"Iraj Eskandari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141426","display_name":"Agricultural Research & Education Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/032hv6w38","country_code":"IR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145257","display_name":"Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran","ror":"https://ror.org/05d09wf68","country_code":"IR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145257"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iraj Eskandari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh 5517643511, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh 5517643511, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141426","https://openalex.org/I4210145257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056842687","display_name":"Thomas Blaschke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-8458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182212641","display_name":"University of Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Blaschke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geoinformatics\u2013Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-8458","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoinformatics\u2013Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182212641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088330858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41832843"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":1582,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1706},"fwci":3.4826,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93101166,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"21","first_page":"2583","last_page":"2583"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7502235174179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tillage","display_name":"Tillage","score":0.6237066388130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.513804018497467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.38573819398880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.3201901316642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.2165313959121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10933712124824524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7502235174179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16397148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878333","display_name":"Tillage","level":2,"score":0.6237066388130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.513804018497467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.38573819398880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3201901316642761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2165313959121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10933712124824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11212583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2583/pdf?version=1573019177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:793ae49fc1854a92b3dd4ed80bad2c41","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/793ae49fc1854a92b3dd4ed80bad2c41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 21, p 2583 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/21/2583/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 21; Pages: 2583","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11212583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212583","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/21/2583/pdf?version=1573019177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085262636","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W 1237-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5644440379","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DK W 1237-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323345","funder_display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Salzburg"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5869621006","display_name":"Geographic Information Science. Integrating interdisciplinary concepts and methods","funder_award_id":"W1237","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G669921295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DKW1237-N23","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","display_name":"Austrian Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/013tf3c58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323345","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Salzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/05gs8cd61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2985898567.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2985898567.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88334678","https://openalex.org/W149433439","https://openalex.org/W655490612","https://openalex.org/W1964262728","https://openalex.org/W1967233934","https://openalex.org/W1972023946","https://openalex.org/W1984792953","https://openalex.org/W1985370128","https://openalex.org/W1988252877","https://openalex.org/W1988937956","https://openalex.org/W2001831758","https://openalex.org/W2006280268","https://openalex.org/W2008469107","https://openalex.org/W2009958127","https://openalex.org/W2013407784","https://openalex.org/W2017061778","https://openalex.org/W2022935926","https://openalex.org/W2027575677","https://openalex.org/W2035147903","https://openalex.org/W2037714040","https://openalex.org/W2039866720","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2045120358","https://openalex.org/W2054412564","https://openalex.org/W2059432853","https://openalex.org/W2061240006","https://openalex.org/W2063087645","https://openalex.org/W2066914212","https://openalex.org/W2068143551","https://openalex.org/W2087084090","https://openalex.org/W2090881597","https://openalex.org/W2092700601","https://openalex.org/W2101051003","https://openalex.org/W2103079830","https://openalex.org/W2106758309","https://openalex.org/W2113811841","https://openalex.org/W2116639726","https://openalex.org/W2118463259","https://openalex.org/W2119879130","https://openalex.org/W2122282653","https://openalex.org/W2133713720","https://openalex.org/W2135092349","https://openalex.org/W2135726527","https://openalex.org/W2137826648","https://openalex.org/W2138221429","https://openalex.org/W2139514605","https://openalex.org/W2147842585","https://openalex.org/W2151518056","https://openalex.org/W2154422044","https://openalex.org/W2157345152","https://openalex.org/W2165954860","https://openalex.org/W2166742463","https://openalex.org/W2187279703","https://openalex.org/W2405618837","https://openalex.org/W2526838437","https://openalex.org/W2574423202","https://openalex.org/W2623098113","https://openalex.org/W2648242067","https://openalex.org/W2772475035","https://openalex.org/W2789894132","https://openalex.org/W2793385317","https://openalex.org/W2795396883","https://openalex.org/W2981849677","https://openalex.org/W2993579929","https://openalex.org/W3083717832","https://openalex.org/W6606079208","https://openalex.org/W6770810855"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045236406","https://openalex.org/W2380208886","https://openalex.org/W2030563171","https://openalex.org/W1498386399","https://openalex.org/W1996482992","https://openalex.org/W2030404027","https://openalex.org/W2386068682","https://openalex.org/W4310708825","https://openalex.org/W4283743887","https://openalex.org/W2390027290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0],"degradation,":[1],"defined":[2],"as":[3],"the":[4,32,41,49,51,71,85,98,110,123,154,160,163,224,229,271],"lowering":[5],"and":[6,17,21,38,69,78,90,114,121,129,143,183,196,214,218,238,250,269],"loss":[7],"of":[8,27,31,48,53,73,83,100,112,125,162,190,194,212,244],"soil":[9,42,54,62,66,74],"functions,":[10],"is":[11,29,58],"becoming":[12],"a":[13,255],"serious":[14],"problem":[15],"worldwide":[16],"threatens":[18],"agricultural":[19,133,164],"production":[20],"terrestrial":[22],"ecosystems.":[23],"The":[24,259],"surface":[25,55],"residue":[26,56,86],"crops":[28],"one":[30],"most":[33],"effective":[34],"erosion":[35],"control":[36],"measures":[37],"it":[39],"increases":[40],"moisture":[43],"content.":[44],"In":[45],"some":[46],"areas":[47],"world,":[50],"management":[52],"(SSR)":[57],"crucial":[59],"for":[60,119,132,141,146,173,204,216,248,252],"increasing":[61],"fertility,":[63],"maintaining":[64],"high":[65,241],"carbon":[67],"levels,":[68],"reducing":[70],"degradation":[72],"due":[75],"to":[76,105,167,246,273],"rain":[77],"wind":[79],"erosion.":[80],"Standard":[81],"methods":[82,237,261],"measuring":[84],"cover":[87],"are":[88],"time":[89],"labor":[91],"intensive,":[92],"but":[93],"remote":[94],"sensing":[95],"can":[96],"support":[97],"monitoring":[99],"conservation":[101],"tillage":[102,128,139,180,185],"practices":[103,131],"applied":[104],"large":[106],"fields.":[107],"We":[108,199,233],"investigated":[109],"potential":[111,272],"per-pixel":[113,264],"object-based":[115],"image":[116],"analysis":[117],"(OBIA)":[118],"detecting":[120],"estimating":[122,267],"coverage":[124],"SSRs":[126],"after":[127],"planting":[130],"research":[134],"fields":[135],"in":[136,153,266],"Iran":[137],"using":[138,177],"indices":[140,145,203],"Landsat-8":[142,174,253],"novel":[144,202],"Sentinel-2A.":[147],"For":[148],"validation,":[149],"SSR":[150,268],"was":[151],"measured":[152],"field":[155],"through":[156],"line":[157],"transects":[158],"at":[159],"beginning":[161],"season":[165],"(prior":[166],"autumn":[168],"crop":[169],"planting).":[170],"Per-pixel":[171],"approaches":[172,265],"satellite":[175,206],"images":[176],"normalized":[178],"difference":[179],"index":[181,186],"(NDTI)":[182],"simple":[184],"(STI)":[187],"yielded":[188,209],"coefficient":[189],"determination":[191],"(R2)":[192],"values":[193,211],"0.727":[195],"0.722,":[197],"respectively.":[198],"developed":[200],"comparable":[201],"Sentinel-2A":[205,249],"data":[207,226],"that":[208,223],"R2":[210],"0.760":[213],"0.759":[215],"NDTI":[217],"STI,":[219],"respectively,":[220],"which":[221],"means":[222],"Sentinel":[225],"better":[227],"matched":[228],"ground":[230],"truth":[231],"data.":[232],"tested":[234],"several":[235],"OBIA":[236,260],"achieved":[239],"very":[240],"overall":[242],"accuracies":[243],"up":[245],"0.948":[247],"0.891":[251],"with":[254],"membership":[256],"function":[257],"method.":[258],"clearly":[262],"outperformed":[263],"bear":[270],"substitute":[274],"or":[275],"complement":[276],"ground-based":[277],"techniques.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}