{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965472789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","title":"Impacts of Large-Scale Open-Pit Coal Base on the Landscape Ecological Health of Semi-Arid Grasslands","display_name":"Impacts of Large-Scale Open-Pit Coal Base on the Landscape Ecological Health of Semi-Arid Grasslands","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965472789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","mag":"2965472789"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11151820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/15/1820/pdf?version=1564889719","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/15/1820/pdf?version=1564889719","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102868886","display_name":"Zhenhua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0624-2639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenhua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080883951","display_name":"Shaogang Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9962-9348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaogang Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018393726","display_name":"Qingqing Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingqing Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112268883","display_name":"Zhengfu Bian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-0528"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengfu Bian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112268883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.0052,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96419019,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"15","first_page":"1820","last_page":"1820"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12467","display_name":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","score":0.9624999761581421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12614","display_name":"Indigenous Studies and Ecology","score":0.9409999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grassland","display_name":"Grassland","score":0.7678847312927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arid","display_name":"Arid","score":0.7041698694229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disturbance","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","score":0.5846336483955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.5131540894508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.507838785648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4776800274848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.4739111661911011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.40981370210647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.39406776428222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.35656702518463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry","display_name":"Agroforestry","score":0.3363110423088074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.200227290391922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.07267531752586365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775835988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733","display_name":"Grassland","level":2,"score":0.7678847312927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.7041698694229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5846336483955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5131540894508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.507838785648346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4776800274848938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4739111661911011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.40981370210647583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.39406776428222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.35656702518463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.3363110423088074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.200227290391922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.07267531752586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11151820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/15/1820/pdf?version=1564889719","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4e96105e9e4349eeadd267eb15234537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4e96105e9e4349eeadd267eb15234537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 15, p 1820 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/15/1820/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 15; Pages: 1820","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11151820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151820","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/15/1820/pdf?version=1564889719","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965472789.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2965472789.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1835596861","https://openalex.org/W1971367662","https://openalex.org/W1973382063","https://openalex.org/W1980133615","https://openalex.org/W1989847576","https://openalex.org/W1995192580","https://openalex.org/W1997751494","https://openalex.org/W2010102575","https://openalex.org/W2022681866","https://openalex.org/W2023433749","https://openalex.org/W2025595255","https://openalex.org/W2030101165","https://openalex.org/W2030768468","https://openalex.org/W2041027456","https://openalex.org/W2042634127","https://openalex.org/W2044972676","https://openalex.org/W2053591355","https://openalex.org/W2068062091","https://openalex.org/W2085183472","https://openalex.org/W2089716114","https://openalex.org/W2107068465","https://openalex.org/W2113896226","https://openalex.org/W2155004184","https://openalex.org/W2205472795","https://openalex.org/W2223791525","https://openalex.org/W2226396244","https://openalex.org/W2327472974","https://openalex.org/W2343188872","https://openalex.org/W2351004764","https://openalex.org/W2352959518","https://openalex.org/W2355579686","https://openalex.org/W2366189311","https://openalex.org/W2480929164","https://openalex.org/W2518571898","https://openalex.org/W2519398623","https://openalex.org/W2561784319","https://openalex.org/W2654044385","https://openalex.org/W2772077788","https://openalex.org/W2789521693","https://openalex.org/W2790065766","https://openalex.org/W2793139798","https://openalex.org/W2804160856","https://openalex.org/W2888065083","https://openalex.org/W2891557126","https://openalex.org/W2897539195","https://openalex.org/W2898756012","https://openalex.org/W2901307416","https://openalex.org/W2913688562","https://openalex.org/W2920781321","https://openalex.org/W2925161510","https://openalex.org/W3164369264","https://openalex.org/W3183212785","https://openalex.org/W4297920044","https://openalex.org/W6706349413","https://openalex.org/W6726084536","https://openalex.org/W6999922927","https://openalex.org/W7037531320","https://openalex.org/W7048885468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377244945","https://openalex.org/W1569360120","https://openalex.org/W2390860443","https://openalex.org/W2038604956","https://openalex.org/W2296560746","https://openalex.org/W2338222801","https://openalex.org/W2347583731","https://openalex.org/W2356977795","https://openalex.org/W2382252992","https://openalex.org/W3143781064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Coal":[0,59],"is":[1,52],"an":[2,85],"important":[3],"energy":[4],"resource":[5],"in":[6,10,81,201,226],"the":[7,17,46,63,69,122,183,189,193,202,230,249],"world,":[8],"especially":[9],"China.":[11],"Extensive":[12],"coal":[13,31,132],"exploitation":[14,32],"seriously":[15],"damaged":[16],"grassland":[18,80,167,174,179],"and":[19,25,73,100,119,148,157,169,195,221,244],"its":[20],"fragile":[21],"ecosystem.":[22],"However,":[23],"temporal":[24,72,196],"spatial":[26,194],"impact":[27,55,94,125,250],"laws":[28,126],"of":[29,38,49,56,65,71,78,92,97,124,137,144,150,154,161,166,172,178,185,199,223,251],"open-pit":[30],"on":[33,62,95,253],"Landscape":[34],"Ecological":[35],"Health":[36],"(LEH)":[37],"semi-arid":[39,66,98],"grasslands":[40,67],"are":[41,205],"still":[42],"not":[43],"clear.":[44],"Therefore,":[45],"main":[47],"objective":[48],"this":[50],"paper":[51],"to":[53,121,182,247],"study":[54,203,208,248],"Large-scale":[57],"Open-pit":[58],"Base":[60],"(LOCB)":[61],"LEH":[64,96,177,200],"from":[68,116],"perspectives":[70,246],"spatial.":[74],"Taking":[75],"Shengli":[76],"LOCB":[77,93],"Xilinguole":[79],"Inner":[82],"Mongolia":[83],"as":[84],"example,":[86],"we":[87],"demonstrate":[88],"a":[89,102],"conceptual":[90],"model":[91],"grasslands,":[99],"establish":[101],"research":[103,234],"system":[104],"called":[105],"landscape":[106,138,140,145,151,155,162,168,218,254],"Index-pattern":[107],"Evolution-Driving":[108],"force-Spatial":[109],"statistics":[110],"(IEDS).":[111],"A":[112],"complete":[113],"process":[114],"integrated":[115],"investigation,":[117],"monitoring,":[118],"evaluation":[120],"analysis":[123],"was":[127],"developed.":[128],"Result":[129],"indicated":[130],"that":[131],"mining":[133,227,252],"causes":[134],"gradual":[135,142,159,164],"increase":[136,171],"patches,":[139],"fragmentation,":[141],"decline":[143,160],"connectivity,":[146],"complexity":[147],"irregularity":[149],"shape,":[152],"enhancement":[153],"heterogeneity":[156],"complexity,":[158],"stability,":[163],"decrease":[165],"annual":[170],"unhealthy":[173],"landscape.":[175],"The":[176],"basically":[180],"belongs":[181],"state":[184],"slight":[186],"deterioration.":[187],"In":[188],"past":[190],"15":[191],"years,":[192],"distribution":[197],"characteristics":[198],"area":[204],"similar.":[206],"This":[207],"provides":[209],"scientific":[210],"reference":[211],"for":[212],"ecological":[213,224],"disturbance":[214],"research,":[215],"environmental":[216],"protection,":[217],"planning,":[219],"restoration":[220],"renovation":[222],"environment":[225],"areas.":[228],"At":[229],"same":[231],"time,":[232],"future":[233],"should":[235],"integrate":[236],"geological,":[237],"hydrological,":[238],"soil,":[239],"vegetation,":[240],"microorganisms,":[241],"animals,":[242],"climate,":[243],"other":[245],"ecology":[255],"deeply.":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-26T15:22:09.906841","created_date":"2019-08-13T00:00:00"}