{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2958790354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","title":"Capsule Networks for Object Detection in UAV Imagery","display_name":"Capsule Networks for Object Detection in UAV Imagery","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2958790354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","mag":"2958790354"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11141694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/14/1694/pdf?version=1563355364","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/14/1694/pdf?version=1563355364","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078980808","display_name":"Mohamed Lamine Mekhalfi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4295-0974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Lamine Mekhalfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039020372","display_name":"Mesay Belete Bejiga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2683-6589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mesay Belete Bejiga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033385339","display_name":"Davide Soresina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Soresina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021389231","display_name":"Farid Melgani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-3732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farid Melgani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087126293","display_name":"Beg\u00fcm Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-7072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beg\u00fcm Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, TU Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2175-7072","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, TU Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078980808"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.5309,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86430744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"14","first_page":"1694","last_page":"1694"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8228145837783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.698997437953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.649323046207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6106299161911011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5944958329200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5750590562820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5610346794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.47508588433265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45956116914749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.4436432719230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.36883431673049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36182135343551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.07630079984664917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8228145837783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.698997437953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.649323046207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6106299161911011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5944958329200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5750590562820435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5610346794128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.47508588433265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45956116914749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.4436432719230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.36883431673049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36182135343551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07630079984664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11141694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/14/1694/pdf?version=1563355364","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f3aea7d8ed2b45bc8972591630e9a9b2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f3aea7d8ed2b45bc8972591630e9a9b2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 14, p 1694 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/250841","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/250841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/14/1694/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 14; Pages: 1694","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11141694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141694","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/14/1694/pdf?version=1563355364","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2958790354.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2958790354.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W613407968","https://openalex.org/W1539356909","https://openalex.org/W1576332977","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1913628733","https://openalex.org/W1986506688","https://openalex.org/W2018601649","https://openalex.org/W2019118234","https://openalex.org/W2019338222","https://openalex.org/W2029316659","https://openalex.org/W2036389990","https://openalex.org/W2065217067","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2107131609","https://openalex.org/W2120225005","https://openalex.org/W2133125644","https://openalex.org/W2134670479","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2138784324","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2245000483","https://openalex.org/W2340690086","https://openalex.org/W2412588858","https://openalex.org/W2512351403","https://openalex.org/W2512695020","https://openalex.org/W2547399143","https://openalex.org/W2577727229","https://openalex.org/W2588117332","https://openalex.org/W2604086375","https://openalex.org/W2755992512","https://openalex.org/W2779335303","https://openalex.org/W2792542990","https://openalex.org/W2800124572","https://openalex.org/W2804379837","https://openalex.org/W2888527098","https://openalex.org/W2903122811","https://openalex.org/W2950642167","https://openalex.org/W2963173190","https://openalex.org/W3101012758","https://openalex.org/W6675727926","https://openalex.org/W6680594925","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6743446608","https://openalex.org/W6748053814","https://openalex.org/W6750883670"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973","https://openalex.org/W2949096641","https://openalex.org/W2970686063","https://openalex.org/W2969228573","https://openalex.org/W3034745255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,11,40,53,66,77],"Convolutional":[3],"Neural":[4],"Networks":[5,72],"(CNNs)":[6],"have":[7],"attracted":[8],"great":[9],"attention":[10],"remote":[12],"sensing":[13],"due":[14,140],"to":[15,19,129,141],"their":[16],"high":[17],"capability":[18],"model":[20],"high-level":[21],"semantic":[22],"content":[23,90],"of":[24,38,47,56,150],"Remote":[25],"Sensing":[26],"(RS)":[27],"images.":[28,81],"However,":[29],"CNNs":[30],"do":[31],"not":[32],"explicitly":[33],"retain":[34],"the":[35,45,48,54,57,88,142,151],"relative":[36,93],"position":[37,94],"objects":[39],"an":[41],"image":[42],"and,":[43],"thus,":[44],"effectiveness":[46],"obtained":[49,108],"features":[50],"is":[51,139],"limited":[52],"framework":[55],"complex":[58],"object":[59,75,124],"detection":[60,76,117,125],"problems.":[61],"To":[62],"address":[63],"this":[64,67],"problem,":[65],"paper":[68],"we":[69],"introduce":[70],"Capsule":[71],"(CapsNets)":[73],"for":[74,112],"Unmanned":[78],"Aerial":[79],"Vehicle-acquired":[80],"Unlike":[82],"CNNs,":[83],"CapsNets":[84,121,145],"extract":[85],"and":[86,114],"exploit":[87],"information":[89],"about":[91],"objects\u2019":[92],"across":[95],"several":[96],"layers,":[97],"which":[98],"enables":[99],"parsing":[100],"crowded":[101],"scenes":[102],"with":[103,133],"overlapping":[104],"objects.":[105],"Experimental":[106],"results":[107],"on":[109],"two":[110],"datasets":[111],"car":[113],"solar":[115],"panel":[116],"problems":[118],"show":[119],"that":[120,144],"provide":[122],"similar":[123],"accuracies":[126],"when":[127],"compared":[128],"state-of-the-art":[130],"deep":[131],"models":[132],"significantly":[134],"reduced":[135],"computational":[136],"time.":[137],"This":[138],"fact":[143],"emphasize":[146],"dynamic":[147],"routine":[148],"instead":[149],"depth.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2019-07-23T00:00:00"}
