{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953069865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","title":"Ionospheric Peak Parameters Retrieved from FY-3C Radio Occultation: A Statistical Comparison with Measurements from COSMIC RO and Digisondes Over the Globe","display_name":"Ionospheric Peak Parameters Retrieved from FY-3C Radio Occultation: A Statistical Comparison with Measurements from COSMIC RO and Digisondes Over the Globe","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953069865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","mag":"2953069865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11121419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/12/1419/pdf?version=1560937162","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/12/1419/pdf?version=1560937162","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452719","display_name":"Han Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6137-4802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082898855","display_name":"Jia Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-3317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105990","display_name":"Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/01gkn6j11","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jia Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048616650","display_name":"Xiaohua Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7918-9664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohua Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082898855"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747","https://openalex.org/I4210105990"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.0963,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78622441,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"1419","last_page":"1419"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12424","display_name":"Earthquake Detection and Analysis","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-occultation","display_name":"Radio occultation","score":0.8855862617492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.6409567594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5668532252311707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmic-cancer-database","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","score":0.5621976256370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occultation","display_name":"Occultation","score":0.49000731110572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latitude","display_name":"Latitude","score":0.46902740001678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitude","display_name":"Longitude","score":0.45585450530052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-reference-ionosphere","display_name":"International Reference Ionosphere","score":0.449063241481781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.40316224098205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-electron-content","display_name":"Total electron content","score":0.3666905164718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tec","display_name":"TEC","score":0.34274959564208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3388616442680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.3127642869949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2730358839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21239614486694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.15284472703933716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777034083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1560557","display_name":"Radio occultation","level":3,"score":0.8855862617492676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.6409567594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5668532252311707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59375849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013513","display_name":"COSMIC cancer database","level":2,"score":0.5621976256370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131040042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202746","display_name":"Occultation","level":2,"score":0.49000731110572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122523270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34027","display_name":"Latitude","level":2,"score":0.46902740001678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780554747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36477","display_name":"Longitude","level":3,"score":0.45585450530052185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777966019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666845","display_name":"International Reference Ionosphere","level":5,"score":0.449063241481781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40316224098205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165391973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844304","display_name":"Total electron content","level":4,"score":0.3666905164718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.34274959564208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3388616442680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.3127642869949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2730358839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21239614486694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.15284472703933716}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11121419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/12/1419/pdf?version=1560937162","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e3b6ee111a1c4079b766c2b400b3b67e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e3b6ee111a1c4079b766c2b400b3b67e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 12, p 1419 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/12/1419/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 12; Pages: 1419","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11121419","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11121419","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/12/1419/pdf?version=1560937162","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4724208536","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013CB733302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G543334388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41774032, 41774033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953069865.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953069865.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512344183","https://openalex.org/W1548335691","https://openalex.org/W1866450186","https://openalex.org/W1968466902","https://openalex.org/W1973193809","https://openalex.org/W1984024045","https://openalex.org/W1998109790","https://openalex.org/W1999514170","https://openalex.org/W2008128309","https://openalex.org/W2013695362","https://openalex.org/W2017248884","https://openalex.org/W2019518734","https://openalex.org/W2022936377","https://openalex.org/W2027312400","https://openalex.org/W2028058872","https://openalex.org/W2028892603","https://openalex.org/W2032083931","https://openalex.org/W2032180374","https://openalex.org/W2035944637","https://openalex.org/W2037554699","https://openalex.org/W2042700274","https://openalex.org/W2054576229","https://openalex.org/W2071388756","https://openalex.org/W2090284691","https://openalex.org/W2092545737","https://openalex.org/W2092790758","https://openalex.org/W2101877435","https://openalex.org/W2107091011","https://openalex.org/W2114908354","https://openalex.org/W2120653142","https://openalex.org/W2132540555","https://openalex.org/W2140979745","https://openalex.org/W2153054982","https://openalex.org/W2162685797","https://openalex.org/W2319271322","https://openalex.org/W2379674787","https://openalex.org/W2410015886","https://openalex.org/W2610747929","https://openalex.org/W2762811682","https://openalex.org/W2789369371","https://openalex.org/W2796335296","https://openalex.org/W2890780782","https://openalex.org/W2891927951","https://openalex.org/W2913463509","https://openalex.org/W4301971532","https://openalex.org/W4320912165","https://openalex.org/W6632694931","https://openalex.org/W6737399620","https://openalex.org/W6850291567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4366495655","https://openalex.org/W3081990870","https://openalex.org/W936749771","https://openalex.org/W2008650690","https://openalex.org/W2579896290","https://openalex.org/W2078705677","https://openalex.org/W2887494347","https://openalex.org/W2042464627","https://openalex.org/W2059906660","https://openalex.org/W2598365277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"two":[3,140,329],"ionospheric":[4,22],"peak":[5],"parameters":[6],"(ICPs),":[7],"NmF2":[8,231,252,282],"and":[9,50,54,76,89,94,101,121,129,172,195,212,232,238,243,253,258,263,298,302,341,358,385],"hmF2,":[10],"derived":[11,37,74,137,234,255],"from":[12,38,57,68,138],"the":[13,39,42,47,55,63,66,77,83,90,108,111,115,122,135,139,143,146,153,180,188,199,209,213,221,230,247,251,299,309,317,320,328,350,354,359,363,378,383,393,397],"global":[14],"navigation":[15],"satellite":[16],"system":[17],"(GNSS)":[18],"radio":[19],"occultation":[20,149],"(RO)":[21],"electron":[23],"density":[24],"profiles":[25],"(EDPs)":[26],"obtained":[27],"by":[28,82,235,256],"Feng-Yun":[29],"3C":[30],"(FY-3C)":[31],"mission":[32,53],"are":[33,80,104,165,203,216,272,314],"compared":[34,371],"with":[35,114,220,295,372,377],"those":[36],"observations":[40],"of":[41,118,125,148,191,198,268,281,289,304,353,362,367,380,387],"Constellation":[43],"Observing":[44],"System":[45],"for":[46,167,179,275,396],"Meteorology,":[48],"Ionosphere,":[49],"Climate":[51],"(COSMIC)":[52],"measurements":[56],"24":[58],"digisonde":[59,257],"stations":[60],"distributed":[61],"around":[62],"world":[64],"during":[65,308,319],"year":[67],"2014":[69],"to":[70,158,401],"2017.":[71],"The":[72,99,162,201,225,266,279,325],"FY-3C":[73,222,239,259,269,293,305,339,368,388],"ICPs":[75,79,136,215,271,307,370,390],"COSMIC-derived":[78],"provided":[81],"National":[84],"Satellite":[85],"Meteorological":[86],"Centre":[87],"(NSMC)":[88],"COSMIC":[91,210,236],"Data":[92],"Analysis":[93],"Archive":[95],"Center":[96],"(CDAAC),":[97],"respectively.":[98,265],"correlation":[100,226,248],"bias":[102,356,365],"analyses":[103],"carried":[105],"out":[106],"in":[107,127,131,145,217,284],"comparison":[109,163],"under":[110],"collocation":[112],"criterion":[113],"time":[116,182,197],"interval":[117,124,399],"1":[119],"h":[120],"space":[123],"3\u00b0":[126],"latitude":[128,192],"5\u00b0":[130],"longitude.":[132],"When":[133],"comparing":[134,292],"RO":[141,237,240,260,294,330,340],"missions,":[142],"difference":[144,326],"azimuth":[147],"planes":[150],"(DAOPs)":[151],"between":[152,229,250,327,338],"matched":[154],"pairs":[155],"is":[156,177,241,261,332],"limited":[157],"be":[159],"within":[160],"20\u00b0.":[161],"results":[164,202],"analyzed":[166],"different":[168],"solar":[169,173,311,322,347],"activity":[170,312,323,348],"periods,":[171],"elevation":[174],"angle":[175],"(SEA)":[176],"taken":[178],"first":[181],"as":[183,205],"a":[184,345],"factor":[185],"that":[186,288,336],"represents":[187],"comprehensive":[189],"impacts":[190],"zones,":[193],"seasons,":[194],"local":[196],"observations.":[200],"shown":[204],"follows:":[206],"(1)":[207],"Both":[208],"RO-derived":[211,223,270,306,369,389],"digisonde-observed":[214],"good":[218],"agreement":[219],"ones.":[224],"coefficient":[227,249],"(CC)":[228],"hmF2":[233,254,290],"0.965":[242],"0.916,":[244],"respectively,":[245],"while":[246,382],"0.924":[262],"0.832,":[264],"quality":[267],"reliable":[273],"enough":[274],"further":[276],"applications.":[277],"(2)":[278],"CC":[280],"is,":[283],"general,":[285],"higher":[286,310,315],"than":[287,316,335],"when":[291],"other":[296],"observations,":[297],"overall":[300],"MAB":[301],"MRB":[303],"period":[313],"ones":[318,374],"lower":[321],"period.":[324],"missions":[331],"much":[333],"smaller":[334],"one":[337],"digisonde.":[342],"(3)":[343],"For":[344],"certain":[346],"period,":[349],"standard":[351,360],"deviations":[352,361],"absolute":[355],"(SDAB)":[357],"relative":[364],"(SDRB)":[366],"digisonde-derived":[373],"generally":[375],"increases":[376],"increase":[379],"SEA,":[381],"SDAB":[384],"SDRB":[386],"both":[391],"get":[392],"minimum":[394],"values":[395],"AOP":[398],"near":[400],"90\u00b0.":[402]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}