{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948968552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","title":"Error Correlations in High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) Radiances","display_name":"Error Correlations in High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) Radiances","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948968552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","mag":"2948968552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11111337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/11/1337/pdf?version=1559798318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/11/1337/pdf?version=1559798318","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046366041","display_name":"Gerrit Holl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-6814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-6814"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172825728","display_name":"Deutscher Wetterdienst","ror":"https://ror.org/02nrqs528","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172825728"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gerrit Holl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","Deutscher Wetterdienst, 63067 Offenbach am Main, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-6814","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutscher Wetterdienst, 63067 Offenbach am Main, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172825728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075901288","display_name":"Jonathan P. D. Mittaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9915-711X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9915-711X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan P. D. Mittaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9915-711X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054441654","display_name":"Christopher J. Merchant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128104","display_name":"National Centre for Earth Observation","ror":"https://ror.org/0375jbm11","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210128104"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher J. Merchant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","National Centre for Earth Observation, Reading RG6 6AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Earth Observation, Reading RG6 6AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128104"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046366041"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172825728","https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1824},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1824},"fwci":0.3661,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60130486,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"11","first_page":"1337","last_page":"1337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hirs","display_name":"HIRS","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-correlation","display_name":"error correlation","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometer-calibration","display_name":"radiometer calibration","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periodic-error","display_name":"periodic error","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-spectral-analysis","display_name":"Fourier spectral analysis","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar-orbiting-satellites","display_name":"polar-orbiting satellites","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-data-record","display_name":"climate data record","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-characterization","display_name":"uncertainty characterization","score":0.5320000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6549032926559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.619600772857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5105522871017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.47851717472076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.447131872177124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4320191740989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.41745632886886597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24694383144378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23355934023857117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23050272464752197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1476512849330902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14162716269493103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08823075890541077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11111337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/11/1337/pdf?version=1559798318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:83997","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90006576.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:83729c5682244021946f72a83f2a1a08","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/83729c5682244021946f72a83f2a1a08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 11, p 1337 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11111337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11111337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/11/1337/pdf?version=1559798318","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5960515846","display_name":"Fidelity and Uncertainty in Climate data records from Earth Observations","funder_award_id":"638822","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6800075785","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"638822","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948968552.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948968552.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1672771901","https://openalex.org/W1833238314","https://openalex.org/W1979685924","https://openalex.org/W1985177181","https://openalex.org/W1992508202","https://openalex.org/W2004590939","https://openalex.org/W2011301426","https://openalex.org/W2016142188","https://openalex.org/W2036887984","https://openalex.org/W2074747309","https://openalex.org/W2121745948","https://openalex.org/W2146292423","https://openalex.org/W2147398714","https://openalex.org/W2159012223","https://openalex.org/W2513241937","https://openalex.org/W2524867140","https://openalex.org/W2608969345","https://openalex.org/W2916402402","https://openalex.org/W2937259129","https://openalex.org/W3099037290","https://openalex.org/W6773842061","https://openalex.org/W6812811489","https://openalex.org/W6902402811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135584473","https://openalex.org/W2964223869","https://openalex.org/W2792539140","https://openalex.org/W2005808740","https://openalex.org/W2295130398","https://openalex.org/W2064951085","https://openalex.org/W2626141450","https://openalex.org/W2810740133","https://openalex.org/W2064919237","https://openalex.org/W4302055909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70],"High-resolution":[1],"Infrared":[2],"Radiation":[3],"Sounder":[4],"(HIRS)":[5],"has":[6,33],"been":[7,36],"flown":[8],"on":[9,117],"17":[10],"polar-orbiting":[11],"satellites":[12],"between":[13,58,92,95,133],"the":[14,18,111],"late":[15],"1970s":[16],"and":[17,28,54,89,94,109,120,147,182,202],"present":[19],"day.":[20],"HIRS":[21,108,158,177,200],"applications":[22],"require":[23],"accurate":[24],"characterisation":[25],"of":[26,51,113,127,176,191],"uncertainties":[27],"inter-channel":[29,71],"error":[30,41,72,85,104,143],"correlations,":[31,86],"which":[32],"so":[34],"far":[35],"lacking.":[37],"Here,":[38],"we":[39,81],"calculate":[40],"correlation":[42,114],"matrices":[43],"by":[44],"accumulating":[45],"count":[46],"deviations":[47,57],"for":[48,106,156,174],"sequential":[49],"sets":[50],"calibration":[52,134,146],"measurements,":[53],"then":[55],"correlating":[56],"channels":[59,93,201],"(for":[60,66],"a":[61,67],"fixed":[62,68],"view)":[63],"or":[64,166],"views":[65,96],"channel).":[69],"covariance":[73],"is":[74],"usually":[75],"assumed":[76],"to":[77],"be":[78,186],"diagonal,":[79],"but":[80],"show":[82,101],"that":[83,102,110],"large":[84],"both":[87,118,145],"positive":[88],"negative,":[90],"exist":[91],"close":[97],"in":[98,125,138,179],"time.":[99],"We":[100],"correlated":[103],"exists":[105],"all":[107,167,199],"degree":[112],"varies":[115],"markedly":[116],"short":[119],"long":[121],"timescales.":[122],"Error":[123],"correlations":[124],"excess":[126],"0.5":[128],"are":[129,172],"not":[130],"unusual.":[131],"Correlations":[132],"observations":[135],"taken":[136],"sequentially":[137],"time":[139],"arise":[140],"from":[141],"periodic":[142],"affecting":[144],"Earth":[148],"counts.":[149],"A":[150],"Fourier":[151],"spectral":[152],"analysis":[153],"shows":[154],"that,":[155],"some":[157,165],"instruments,":[159],"this":[160],"instrumental":[161],"effect":[162],"dominates":[163],"at":[164],"spatial":[168],"frequencies.":[169],"These":[170],"findings":[171],"significant":[173],"application":[175],"data":[178],"various":[180],"applications,":[181],"related":[183],"information":[184],"will":[185],"made":[187],"available":[188],"as":[189],"part":[190],"an":[192],"upcoming":[193],"Fundamental":[194],"Climate":[195],"Data":[196],"Record":[197],"covering":[198],"satellites.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}