{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2946415594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","title":"A Survey on Situational Awareness of Ransomware Attacks\u2014Detection and Prevention Parameters","display_name":"A Survey on Situational Awareness of Ransomware Attacks\u2014Detection and Prevention Parameters","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2946415594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","mag":"2946415594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1168/pdf?version=1557983548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1168/pdf?version=1557983548","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101893786","display_name":"Juan Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4337-6908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764802","display_name":"National Polytechnic School","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb99w41","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan A. Herrera Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000056056","display_name":"Lorena Isabel Barona L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-3759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764802","display_name":"National Polytechnic School","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb99w41","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lorena Isabel Barona L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039873667","display_name":"\u00c1ngel Leonardo Valdivieso Caraguay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3502-020X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764802","display_name":"National Polytechnic School","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb99w41","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c1ngel Leonardo Valdivieso Caraguay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026443171","display_name":"Myriam Hern\u00e1ndez-\u00c1lvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4718-0400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70764802","display_name":"National Polytechnic School","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb99w41","country_code":"EC","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}],"countries":["EC"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myriam Hern\u00e1ndez-\u00c1lvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Inform\u00e1tica y Ciencias de la Computaci\u00f3n (DICC), Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional, Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara E11-25 y Andaluc\u00eda, Edificio de Sistemas, Quito 170525, Ecuador","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000056056","https://openalex.org/A5101893786"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70764802"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.842,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95989044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"1168","last_page":"1168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ransomware","display_name":"Ransomware","score":0.946831226348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7625643014907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6727149486541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.5814483761787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ransom","display_name":"Ransom","score":0.5381930470466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cybercrime","display_name":"Cybercrime","score":0.5149251222610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.46496066451072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4457550048828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.41787105798721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.15375366806983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.0986117422580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0919557511806488}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777667771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926331","display_name":"Ransomware","level":3,"score":0.946831226348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7625643014907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6727149486541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.5814483761787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414572","display_name":"Ransom","level":2,"score":0.5381930470466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779390178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29137","display_name":"Cybercrime","level":3,"score":0.5149251222610474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46496066451072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4457550048828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.41787105798721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.15375366806983948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0986117422580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0919557511806488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1168/pdf?version=1557983548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ccb00db1e9cd4f7d94b20ddc256044e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ccb00db1e9cd4f7d94b20ddc256044e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 1168 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/10/1168/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101168","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101168","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1168/pdf?version=1557983548","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8116022259","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PII-17-14","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327633","funder_display_name":"Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327633","display_name":"Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica Nacional","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb99w41"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946415594.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2946415594.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570321471","https://openalex.org/W2007111180","https://openalex.org/W2119359024","https://openalex.org/W2160160578","https://openalex.org/W2245015425","https://openalex.org/W2260783129","https://openalex.org/W2461373307","https://openalex.org/W2493960021","https://openalex.org/W2511701350","https://openalex.org/W2539082945","https://openalex.org/W2558619741","https://openalex.org/W2601591992","https://openalex.org/W2614042168","https://openalex.org/W2618809693","https://openalex.org/W2745390745","https://openalex.org/W2756520489","https://openalex.org/W2765174411","https://openalex.org/W2766516664","https://openalex.org/W2766662076","https://openalex.org/W2773511604","https://openalex.org/W2775582065","https://openalex.org/W2779814706","https://openalex.org/W2782521139","https://openalex.org/W2783466036","https://openalex.org/W2784113120","https://openalex.org/W2789729245","https://openalex.org/W2790746246","https://openalex.org/W2792599578","https://openalex.org/W2793941832","https://openalex.org/W2794784953","https://openalex.org/W2795248401","https://openalex.org/W2795995661","https://openalex.org/W2799908179","https://openalex.org/W2800509541","https://openalex.org/W2807312247","https://openalex.org/W2807947068","https://openalex.org/W2808131992","https://openalex.org/W2885652007","https://openalex.org/W2885702634","https://openalex.org/W2885747980","https://openalex.org/W2885931936","https://openalex.org/W2886257824","https://openalex.org/W2887506070","https://openalex.org/W2887954984","https://openalex.org/W2892886244","https://openalex.org/W2900648931","https://openalex.org/W2900690086","https://openalex.org/W2902302694","https://openalex.org/W2903823816","https://openalex.org/W2970607737","https://openalex.org/W3101595491","https://openalex.org/W6737892506","https://openalex.org/W6748811526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4237045072","https://openalex.org/W4386388924","https://openalex.org/W2805263553","https://openalex.org/W2614042168","https://openalex.org/W2778994855","https://openalex.org/W4398199982","https://openalex.org/W2913313394","https://openalex.org/W2989970626","https://openalex.org/W4213358345","https://openalex.org/W4281476659"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,44],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"cybercrime":[3],"activities":[4,15],"have":[5,32],"grown":[6],"significantly,":[7],"compromising":[8],"device":[9],"security":[10],"and":[11,23,94,114,121,133,176,212,227],"jeopardizing":[12],"the":[13,24,29,39,54,61,65,68,80,84,88,99,156,164,169,178,197,201],"normal":[14],"of":[16,41,50,90,102,141,153,158,221],"enterprises.":[17],"The":[18,124],"profits":[19],"obtained":[20],"through":[21,117],"intimidation":[22],"limitations":[25],"for":[26],"tracking":[27],"down":[28],"illegal":[30],"transactions":[31],"created":[33],"a":[34,72,219],"lucrative":[35],"business":[36],"based":[37,224],"on":[38,225],"hijacking":[40],"users\u2019":[42],"files.":[43],"this":[45,161,173],"context,":[46],"ransomware":[47,103,188,222],"takes":[48],"advantage":[49],"cryptography":[51],"to":[52,60,70,76,137],"compromise":[53],"user":[55],"information":[56,85],"or":[57,82],"deny":[58],"access":[59],"operating":[62],"system.":[63],"Then,":[64],"attacker":[66],"extorts":[67],"victim":[69],"pay":[71],"ransom":[73],"in":[74,111,135,172,200],"order":[75,136],"regain":[77],"access,":[78],"recover":[79],"data,":[81],"keep":[83],"private.":[86],"Nowadays,":[87],"adoption":[89],"Situational":[91],"Awareness":[92],"(SA)":[93],"cognitive":[95],"approaches":[96],"can":[97],"facilitate":[98],"rapid":[100],"identification":[101],"threats.":[104],"SA":[105,179],"allows":[106],"knowing":[107],"what":[108],"is":[109,149,163],"happening":[110],"compromised":[112],"devices":[113],"network":[115],"communications":[116],"monitoring,":[118],"aggregation,":[119],"correlation,":[120],"analysis":[122],"tasks.":[123],"current":[125,198],"literature":[126],"provides":[127,218],"some":[128],"parameters":[129,170],"that":[130,167,186,195],"are":[131,183,192],"monitored":[132],"analyzed":[134],"prevent":[138],"these":[139],"kinds":[140],"attacks":[142],"at":[143],"an":[144],"early":[145],"stage.":[146],"However,":[147,190],"there":[148,182,191],"no":[150],"complete":[151],"list":[152],"them.":[154],"To":[155],"best":[157],"our":[159],"knowledge,":[160],"paper":[162],"first":[165],"proposal":[166],"summarizes":[168],"evaluated":[171],"research":[174],"field":[175],"considers":[177],"concept.":[180],"Furthermore,":[181],"several":[184],"articles":[185,223],"tackle":[187],"problems.":[189],"few":[193],"surveys":[194],"summarize":[196],"situation":[199],"area,":[202],"not":[203],"only":[204],"regarding":[205],"its":[206,210],"evolution":[207],"but":[208],"also":[209,217],"issues":[211],"future":[213],"challenges.":[214],"This":[215],"survey":[216],"classification":[220],"detection":[226],"prevention":[228],"approaches.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-04-06T07:47:59.780226","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}