{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945318753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","title":"Water Body Extraction from Very High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Data Based on Fully Convolutional Networks","display_name":"Water Body Extraction from Very High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Data Based on Fully Convolutional Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945318753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","mag":"2945318753"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1162/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100601086","display_name":"Liwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-7725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008360393","display_name":"Zhi Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8251-9786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001 Shiji Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China","The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001 Shiji Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063074934","display_name":"Qian Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101530528","display_name":"Gang Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166499","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001 Shiji Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001 Shiji Road, Jiaozuo 454000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166499"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066378186","display_name":"Lianru Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-8124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lianru Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389708","display_name":"Bing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-7753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 9 Deng Zhuang South Road, Beijing 100094, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 (A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100389708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.8297,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":119,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97502402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"1162","last_page":"1162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.839495062828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6250141859054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5233665704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.48302897810935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.4629441499710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43620967864990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-extraction","display_name":"Water extraction","score":0.4234578013420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.4144287407398224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3909328579902649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3398342728614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extraction","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","score":0.27411070466041565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.839495062828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6250141859054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5233665704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.48302897810935974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4629441499710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43620967864990234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778395939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2160967","display_name":"Water extraction","level":3,"score":0.4234578013420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.4144287407398224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3909328579902649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3398342728614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4725764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704","display_name":"Extraction (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.27411070466041565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7d50d51c073e4562a52b98d99b4e7d22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7d50d51c073e4562a52b98d99b4e7d22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 1162 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/10/1162/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 10; Pages: 1162","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101162","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1162/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2275530248","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0501501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2404786085","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0501501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4214586990","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XDA19080304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","funder_display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258415954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Chinese","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8114646031","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016Y","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8898889987","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91638201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321954","display_name":"Henan Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vr1c885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945318753.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945318753.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W1982021953","https://openalex.org/W1995581599","https://openalex.org/W2045839683","https://openalex.org/W2076320853","https://openalex.org/W2077509829","https://openalex.org/W2103421886","https://openalex.org/W2106870620","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2118246710","https://openalex.org/W2118332032","https://openalex.org/W2130770141","https://openalex.org/W2144793812","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2171211028","https://openalex.org/W2173027301","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2412588858","https://openalex.org/W2465076769","https://openalex.org/W2517986957","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2623913549","https://openalex.org/W2749751926","https://openalex.org/W2764034829","https://openalex.org/W2782522152","https://openalex.org/W2783076849","https://openalex.org/W2790944589","https://openalex.org/W2884276099","https://openalex.org/W2890732922","https://openalex.org/W2899362480","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W3099831940","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2591697403","https://openalex.org/W2944728705","https://openalex.org/W2904022177","https://openalex.org/W2359348847","https://openalex.org/W3011538607","https://openalex.org/W4294432981","https://openalex.org/W4321441197","https://openalex.org/W2953716828","https://openalex.org/W2469820710","https://openalex.org/W4321276295"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,6,13,27,46,49,58,76,79,97,109,133,141,149,166,170,177,191,203,211,214,223,233,237,241],"use":[4,235],"of":[5,15,29,42,48,78,89,111,125,176,205,213,236,243],"Fully":[7],"Convolutional":[8],"Networks":[9],"(FCN)":[10],"model":[11,81,225,239],"in":[12,26,45,108,190,194],"extraction":[14,110,242],"water":[16,112,199,244],"bodies":[17,113],"from":[18,114,232,245],"Very":[19],"High":[20],"spatial":[21,40,160,188],"Resolution":[22],"(VHR)":[23],"optical":[24],"images":[25,37,247],"case":[28],"limited":[30],"training":[31,67],"samples.":[32],"Two":[33],"different":[34],"seasonal":[35],"GaoFen-2":[36],"with":[38,197],"a":[39,103,122,219],"resolution":[41],"0.8":[43],"m":[44],"south":[47],"Beijing":[50],"metropolitan":[51],"area":[52],"were":[53,82],"used":[54],"to":[55,75,164,183,186,251],"extensively":[56],"validate":[57],"FCN":[59,80,215,224,238],"model.":[60],"Four":[61],"key":[62,207],"factors":[63,208],"including":[64],"input":[65,167],"features,":[66],"data,":[68],"transfer":[69],"learning,":[70],"and":[71,105,148,159,200],"data":[72,128,168],"augmentation":[73],"related":[74],"performance":[77,212],"empirically":[83],"analyzed":[84],"by":[85],"using":[86],"36":[87],"combinations":[88],"various":[90],"parameter":[91],"settings.":[92],"Our":[93,229],"findings":[94],"indicate":[95],"that":[96],"FCN-based":[98,118,178],"method":[99,119,179],"can":[100,129,248],"work":[101],"as":[102],"robust":[104],"cost-effective":[106],"tool":[107],"VHR":[115,246],"images.":[116],"The":[117,174],"trained":[120],"on":[121],"small":[123],"amount":[124],"labeled":[126],"L1A":[127],"also":[130],"significantly":[131,209],"outperform":[132],"Normalized":[134],"Difference":[135],"Water":[136],"Index":[137],"(NDWI)":[138],"based":[139,146,153,216],"method,":[140,147,154,217],"Support":[142],"Vector":[143],"Machine":[144],"(SVM)":[145],"Sparsity":[150],"Model":[151],"(SM)":[152],"even":[155],"when":[156],"radiometric":[157],"normalization":[158],"contexts":[161,189],"are":[162,180],"introduced":[163],"preprocess":[165],"for":[169,222,240],"latter":[171],"three":[172],"methods.":[173],"advantages":[175],"mainly":[181],"due":[182],"its":[184],"capability":[185],"exploit":[187],"image,":[192],"especially":[193],"urban":[195],"areas":[196],"mixed":[198],"shadows.":[201],"Though":[202],"settings":[204],"four":[206],"affect":[210],"choosing":[218],"qualified":[220],"setting":[221],"is":[226],"not":[227],"difficult.":[228],"lessons":[230],"learned":[231],"successful":[234],"be":[249],"extended":[250],"extract":[252],"other":[253],"land":[254],"covers.":[255]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}