{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944108734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","title":"A Comparative Assessment of the Performance of Individual Tree Crowns Delineation Algorithms from ALS Data in Tropical Forests","display_name":"A Comparative Assessment of the Performance of Individual Tree Crowns Delineation Algorithms from ALS Data in Tropical Forests","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944108734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","mag":"2944108734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11091086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1086/pdf?version=1557230432","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1086/pdf?version=1557230432","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061425844","display_name":"M\u00e9laine Aubry\u2010Kientz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-8626"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131077856","display_name":"Centre de Coop\u00e9ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05kpkpg04","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131077856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19894307","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/051escj72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19894307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24906876","display_name":"Institut Agro Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/03rnk6m14","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121611","display_name":"UMR Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l\u2019Architecture des Plantes et des v\u00e9g\u00e9tations","ror":"https://ror.org/020nks034","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210137371","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210147367","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149672","display_name":"Ecologie des For\u00eats de Guyane","ror":"https://ror.org/04q9vef57","country_code":"GF","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I22248866","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I2800447973","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210149672","https://openalex.org/I52585520"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["FR","GF"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M\u00e9laine Aubry-Kientz","raw_affiliation_strings":["AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)","UMR ECOFOG - Ecologie des for\u00eats de Guyane (745 BP 709 - F-97387 Kourou Cedex France - French Guiana)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4439-8626","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121611"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR ECOFOG - Ecologie des for\u00eats de Guyane (745 BP 709 - F-97387 Kourou Cedex France - French Guiana)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061992018","display_name":"Rapha\u00ebl Dutrieux","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131077856","display_name":"Centre de Coop\u00e9ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05kpkpg04","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131077856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19894307","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/051escj72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19894307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24906876","display_name":"Institut Agro Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/03rnk6m14","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121611","display_name":"UMR Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l\u2019Architecture des Plantes et des v\u00e9g\u00e9tations","ror":"https://ror.org/020nks034","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210137371","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210147367","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rapha\u00ebl Dutrieux","raw_affiliation_strings":["AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070888429","display_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Ferraz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118524","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02dn7x778","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118524"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Ferraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91001, USA","CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)","JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-5471","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91001, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210118524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042922619","display_name":"Sassan Saatchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8524-4917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118524","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Bourgogne Franche-Comt\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02dn7x778","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118524"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sassan Saatchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91001, USA","CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)","JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91001, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CALTECH - California Institute of Technology (1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125 - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory (4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210118524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034643023","display_name":"Hamid Hamraz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Hamraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA","UK - University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA - United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK - University of Kentucky (Lexington, KY 40506-0046, USA - United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042113651","display_name":"Jonathan Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-6695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK","Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK) (United Kingdom)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-6695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK) (United Kingdom)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089619012","display_name":"David A. Coomes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-2582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Coomes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK","Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK) (United Kingdom)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-2582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forest Ecology and Conservation Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Sciences (Cambridge, UK) (United Kingdom)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052343767","display_name":"Alexandre Piboule","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-5455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121264","display_name":"Office National des For\u00eats","ror":"https://ror.org/01yekza56","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121264"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Piboule","raw_affiliation_strings":["P\u00f4le Recherche, D\u00e9veloppement et Innovation de Nancy, Office National des For\u00eats, Site de Nancy-Brabois, 54600 Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","ONF - Office national des for\u00eats (2 bis avenue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc - CS 30042 - 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4726-5455","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"P\u00f4le Recherche, D\u00e9veloppement et Innovation de Nancy, Office National des For\u00eats, Site de Nancy-Brabois, 54600 Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121264"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ONF - Office national des for\u00eats (2 bis avenue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc - CS 30042 - 94704 Maisons-Alfort cedex - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121264"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017593347","display_name":"Gr\u00e9goire Vincent","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-021X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131077856","display_name":"Centre de Coop\u00e9ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05kpkpg04","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131077856"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19894307","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/051escj72","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19894307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24906876","display_name":"Institut Agro Montpellier","ror":"https://ror.org/03rnk6m14","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4399657933"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121611","display_name":"UMR Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l\u2019Architecture des Plantes et des v\u00e9g\u00e9tations","ror":"https://ror.org/020nks034","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210137371","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210147367","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gr\u00e9goire Vincent","raw_affiliation_strings":["AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-021X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, 34000 Montpellier, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I131077856","https://openalex.org/I19894307","https://openalex.org/I24906876","https://openalex.org/I4210121611","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UMR AMAP - Botanique et Mod\u00e9lisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des V\u00e9g\u00e9tations (Bd de la Lironde TA A-51/ PS 2 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121611"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2784},"apc_paid":{"value":1075,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1159},"fwci":5.9005,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97455077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"9","first_page":"1086","last_page":"1086"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7096646428108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5743994116783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.5491958260536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.510761022567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.47095757722854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crown","display_name":"Crown (dentistry)","score":0.4513399600982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4354539215564728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.329240083694458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2869056463241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.27300408482551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1657370626926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16305461525917053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7096646428108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5743994116783142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.5491958260536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.510761022567749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.47095757722854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778400979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143720","display_name":"Crown (dentistry)","level":2,"score":0.4513399600982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4354539215564728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.329240083694458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2869056463241577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27300408482551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1657370626926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16305461525917053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11091086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1086/pdf?version=1557230432","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02131202v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02131202","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02131202v1/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, 2019, 11 (9), pp.1086. &#x27E8;10.3390/rs11091086&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b457a7f7e33f422fa1027d9470a9e507","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b457a7f7e33f422fa1027d9470a9e507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 9, p 1086 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/9/1086/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 1086","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11091086","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11091086","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/9/1086/pdf?version=1557230432","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2180508349","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1799562","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4085870437","display_name":"CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia","funder_award_id":"ANR-10-LABX-0025","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7240651115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8826387896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1799562","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321519","display_name":"Centre National d\u2019Etudes Spatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1h0y33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944108734.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944108734.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1436861582","https://openalex.org/W1492020934","https://openalex.org/W1556261626","https://openalex.org/W1913732632","https://openalex.org/W1942861091","https://openalex.org/W1980435229","https://openalex.org/W1984792953","https://openalex.org/W1985054565","https://openalex.org/W1994585903","https://openalex.org/W1995602130","https://openalex.org/W2009731464","https://openalex.org/W2023967474","https://openalex.org/W2029875384","https://openalex.org/W2033827163","https://openalex.org/W2043047386","https://openalex.org/W2065030504","https://openalex.org/W2067853114","https://openalex.org/W2075022745","https://openalex.org/W2080157231","https://openalex.org/W2098084344","https://openalex.org/W2109191549","https://openalex.org/W2120767746","https://openalex.org/W2125724410","https://openalex.org/W2131058553","https://openalex.org/W2133014538","https://openalex.org/W2145999649","https://openalex.org/W2158411533","https://openalex.org/W2165044919","https://openalex.org/W2188738748","https://openalex.org/W2315994349","https://openalex.org/W2329061269","https://openalex.org/W2331376978","https://openalex.org/W2425812835","https://openalex.org/W2462610241","https://openalex.org/W2466959383","https://openalex.org/W2502492540","https://openalex.org/W2515306179","https://openalex.org/W2602986670","https://openalex.org/W2736175644","https://openalex.org/W2765605889","https://openalex.org/W2885035168","https://openalex.org/W2896206172","https://openalex.org/W2901497416","https://openalex.org/W2927156487","https://openalex.org/W2975372759","https://openalex.org/W6724537168","https://openalex.org/W6795848648","https://openalex.org/W6869491106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347729776","https://openalex.org/W2081457971","https://openalex.org/W2028659695","https://openalex.org/W2072749356","https://openalex.org/W1482145300","https://openalex.org/W2115519510","https://openalex.org/W3168021885","https://openalex.org/W4399442168","https://openalex.org/W2114282491","https://openalex.org/W1556261626"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tropical":[0],"forest":[1],"canopies":[2],"are":[3],"comprised":[4],"of":[5,8,86,104,134,205,222],"tree":[6,117,120],"crowns":[7,89,93,135],"multiple":[9],"species":[10],"varying":[11],"in":[12,79,127,213],"shape":[13],"and":[14,16,147,174,176],"height,":[15],"ground":[17],"inventories":[18],"do":[19],"not":[20],"usually":[21],"reliably":[22],"describe":[23],"their":[24],"structure.":[25],"Airborne":[26],"laser":[27],"scanning":[28],"data":[29,112],"can":[30,54],"be":[31,50,55],"used":[32],"to":[33,49,57,70,119,216],"characterize":[34],"these":[35],"individual":[36],"crowns,":[37],"but":[38],"analytical":[39],"tools":[40],"developed":[41],"for":[42,159,170,181,197],"boreal":[43],"or":[44],"temperate":[45],"forests":[46,208],"may":[47],"require":[48],"adjusted":[51],"before":[52],"they":[53],"applied":[56,69],"tropical":[58,206],"environments.":[59],"Therefore,":[60],"we":[61],"compared":[62],"results":[63],"from":[64,75],"six":[65,71],"different":[66,124,132,137],"segmentation":[67,224],"methods":[68,125,140,151,168,188],"plots":[72],"(39":[73],"ha)":[74],"a":[76,114],"study":[77],"site":[78],"French":[80],"Guiana.":[81],"We":[82,99],"measured":[83],"the":[84,102,143,154,162,166,171,179,182,191,214,223],"overlap":[85,172],"automatically":[87],"segmented":[88,130],"projection":[90],"with":[91,109],"selected":[92],"manually":[94],"delineated":[95],"on":[96,142,153,190],"high-resolution":[97],"photography.":[98],"also":[100],"evaluated":[101],"goodness":[103],"fit":[105],"following":[106],"automatic":[107,183],"matching":[108,184],"field":[110],"inventory":[111],"using":[113],"model":[115],"linking":[116],"diameter":[118],"crown":[121],"width.":[122],"The":[123,202],"tested":[126,169],"this":[128],"benchmark":[129],"highly":[131],"numbers":[133],"having":[136],"characteristics.":[138],"Segmentation":[139],"based":[141,152,189],"point":[144,211],"cloud":[145],"(AMS3D":[146],"Graph-Cut)":[148],"globally":[149],"outperformed":[150,165],"Canopy":[155,192],"Height":[156,193],"Models,":[157],"especially":[158],"small":[160],"crowns;":[161],"AMS3D":[163,175],"method":[164],"other":[167,187],"analysis,":[173],"Graph-Cut":[177],"performed":[178,195],"best":[180],"validation.":[185],"Nevertheless,":[186],"Model":[194],"better":[196],"very":[198],"large":[199],"emergent":[200],"crowns.":[201],"dense":[203],"foliage":[204],"moist":[207],"prevents":[209],"sufficient":[210],"densities":[212],"understory":[215],"segment":[217],"subcanopy":[218],"trees":[219],"accurately,":[220],"regardless":[221],"method.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
