{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913794214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030289","title":"Development of a Multimode Field Deployable Lidar Instrument for Topographic Measurements of Unsaturated Soil Properties: Instrument Description","display_name":"Development of a Multimode Field Deployable Lidar Instrument for Topographic Measurements of Unsaturated Soil Properties: Instrument Description","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913794214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030289","mag":"2913794214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11030289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/3/289/pdf?version=1550123842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/3/289/pdf?version=1550123842","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068467229","display_name":"Sean E. Salazar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2345-9167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78715868","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Fayetteville","ror":"https://ror.org/05jbt9m15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sean E. Salazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4190 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4190 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079594109","display_name":"Cyrus D. Garner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107422","display_name":"Stantec (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01n5p4z29","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107422","https://openalex.org/I54324688"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cyrus D. Garner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stantec Consulting Services, Inc., 3052 Beaumont Centre Circle, Lexington, KY 40513, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stantec Consulting Services, Inc., 3052 Beaumont Centre Circle, Lexington, KY 40513, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107422"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018422167","display_name":"Richard A. Coffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7934-8266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78715868","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Fayetteville","ror":"https://ror.org/05jbt9m15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard A. Coffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4190 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4190 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068467229"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.3432,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57827917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"289","last_page":"289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.717715322971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6099982261657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.5788355469703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.5553504228591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5380328297615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.5277414917945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.43592217564582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.18440303206443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12556523084640503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.717715322971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6099982261657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.5788355469703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.5553504228591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5380328297615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5277414917945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.43592217564582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.18440303206443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12556523084640503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11030289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/3/289/pdf?version=1550123842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:53b3918857d844868438378d534893be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/53b3918857d844868438378d534893be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 289 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11030289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11030289","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/3/289/pdf?version=1550123842","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1866491312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OASRTRS-14-H-UARK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5748196621","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"USDOT/OST-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337757","funder_display_name":"Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6297172250","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1450079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6894402473","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7769263902","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1450079","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306108","display_name":"U.S. Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfw2e90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337757","display_name":"Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913794214.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913794214.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W120338791","https://openalex.org/W963235319","https://openalex.org/W1557517431","https://openalex.org/W1656198309","https://openalex.org/W1665575200","https://openalex.org/W1817841038","https://openalex.org/W1966854945","https://openalex.org/W1968369783","https://openalex.org/W1970601279","https://openalex.org/W1988345731","https://openalex.org/W1988732529","https://openalex.org/W1998053851","https://openalex.org/W1998128249","https://openalex.org/W2002190180","https://openalex.org/W2006899456","https://openalex.org/W2007330732","https://openalex.org/W2007365900","https://openalex.org/W2013250177","https://openalex.org/W2013667074","https://openalex.org/W2016600240","https://openalex.org/W2021729907","https://openalex.org/W2029272080","https://openalex.org/W2033502362","https://openalex.org/W2039511540","https://openalex.org/W2039908035","https://openalex.org/W2040125657","https://openalex.org/W2045403603","https://openalex.org/W2046274736","https://openalex.org/W2052916083","https://openalex.org/W2053384936","https://openalex.org/W2055114513","https://openalex.org/W2059576184","https://openalex.org/W2060590017","https://openalex.org/W2067558695","https://openalex.org/W2070985198","https://openalex.org/W2077249101","https://openalex.org/W2079400991","https://openalex.org/W2083152587","https://openalex.org/W2085417265","https://openalex.org/W2092713848","https://openalex.org/W2095913457","https://openalex.org/W2096171073","https://openalex.org/W2097491653","https://openalex.org/W2099048039","https://openalex.org/W2099540928","https://openalex.org/W2101499558","https://openalex.org/W2101973842","https://openalex.org/W2110172573","https://openalex.org/W2123521755","https://openalex.org/W2126662693","https://openalex.org/W2132531242","https://openalex.org/W2133151341","https://openalex.org/W2142606975","https://openalex.org/W2143436238","https://openalex.org/W2143690115","https://openalex.org/W2143905892","https://openalex.org/W2146285661","https://openalex.org/W2146628504","https://openalex.org/W2146812780","https://openalex.org/W2152594782","https://openalex.org/W2155476782","https://openalex.org/W2155782014","https://openalex.org/W2158293510","https://openalex.org/W2158551840","https://openalex.org/W2162490735","https://openalex.org/W2163637194","https://openalex.org/W2165993842","https://openalex.org/W2230388539","https://openalex.org/W2258838341","https://openalex.org/W2324622337","https://openalex.org/W2413519674","https://openalex.org/W2513325871","https://openalex.org/W2625844849","https://openalex.org/W2768226032","https://openalex.org/W4206050372","https://openalex.org/W4249702343","https://openalex.org/W7042568837"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072166414","https://openalex.org/W3209970181","https://openalex.org/W2060875994","https://openalex.org/W3034375524","https://openalex.org/W4230131218","https://openalex.org/W2404757046","https://openalex.org/W2070598848","https://openalex.org/W2385371209","https://openalex.org/W4250051149","https://openalex.org/W2083270190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,89,117,139,199,212,240],"hydrological":[1],"and":[2,19,77,83,104,127,156,177,183,219,231,268],"mechanical":[3],"behavior":[4],"of":[5,36,74,86,163,174,201,217,264,283],"soil":[6,13,37,60,221],"is":[7,39,120,168,189,209,238,275],"determined":[8,190],"by":[9],"the":[10,32,59,72,80,87,105,145,152,171,175,202,234,244,262,272,284],"moisture":[11],"content,":[12,18,226,230],"water":[14,166,225],"(matric)":[15],"potential,":[16,228],"fines":[17,229],"plasticity.":[20],"However,":[21],"these":[22],"parameters":[23,38,85],"are":[24],"often":[25],"difficult":[26],"or":[27,49,257],"impractical":[28],"to":[29,47,68,78,147,279],"determine":[30],"in":[31,144],"field.":[33],"Remote":[34],"characterization":[35,216],"a":[40,111,123,128,135,161,192,276],"non-destructive":[41],"data":[42,206],"collection":[43],"process":[44],"well":[45],"suited":[46],"large":[48],"otherwise":[50],"inaccessible":[51],"areas.":[52],"A":[53],"ground-based,":[54],"field-deployable":[55],"remote":[56,236,281],"sensor,":[57],"called":[58],"observation":[61],"laser":[62,129,179],"absorption":[63,130,173],"spectrometer":[64],"(SOLAS),":[65],"was":[66],"developed":[67],"collect":[69],"measurements":[70],"from":[71],"surface":[73],"bare":[75],"soils":[76,248],"assess":[79],"in-situ":[81],"condition":[82],"essential":[84],"soil.":[88],"SOLAS":[90,235,273],"instrument":[91,106,203,245,274],"transmits":[92],"coherent":[93],"light":[94,109,119,143,159],"at":[95],"two":[96],"wavelengths":[97,180],"using":[98,170,191,233],"two,":[99],"continuous-wave,":[100],"near-infrared":[101,158],"diode":[102],"lasers":[103],"receives":[107],"backscattered":[108],"through":[110],"co-axial":[112],"203-mm":[113],"diameter":[114],"telescope":[115],"aperture.":[116],"received":[118],"split":[121],"into":[122,160],"hyperspectral":[124,140],"sensing":[125,282],"channel":[126,133,141,154],"spectrometry":[131],"(LAS)":[132],"via":[134],"multi-channel":[136],"optical":[137],"receiver.":[138],"detects":[142],"visible":[146],"shortwave":[148],"infrared":[149],"wavelengths,":[150],"while":[151],"LAS":[153],"filters":[155],"directs":[157],"pair":[162],"photodetectors.":[164],"Atmospheric":[165],"vapor":[167],"inferred":[169],"differential":[172,266],"on-":[176],"off-line":[178],"(823.20":[181],"nm":[182],"847.00":[184],"nm,":[185],"respectively).":[186],"Range":[187],"measurement":[188],"frequency-modulated,":[193],"self-chirped,":[194],"coherent,":[195],"homodyne":[196],"detection":[197],"scheme.":[198],"development":[200],"(transmitter,":[204],"receiver,":[205],"acquisition":[207],"components)":[208],"described":[210],"herein.":[211],"potential":[213],"for":[214,243],"rapid":[215],"physical":[218],"hydro-mechanical":[220],"properties,":[222],"including":[223],"volumetric":[224],"matric":[227],"plasticity,":[232],"sensor":[237],"discussed.":[239],"envisioned":[241],"applications":[242],"include":[246],"assessing":[247],"on":[249],"unstable":[250],"slopes,":[251],"such":[252],"as":[253],"wildfire":[254],"burn":[255],"sites,":[256],"stacked":[258],"mine":[259],"tailings.":[260],"Through":[261],"combination":[263],"spectroradiometry,":[265],"absorption,":[267],"range":[269],"altimetry":[270],"methodologies,":[271],"novel":[277],"approach":[278],"ground-based":[280],"natural":[285],"environment.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
