{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2906947623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","title":"Arctic Vegetation Mapping Using Unsupervised Training Datasets and Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Arctic Vegetation Mapping Using Unsupervised Training Datasets and Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2906947623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","mag":"2906947623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11010069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/1/69/pdf?version=1546418166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/1/69/pdf?version=1546418166","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078960014","display_name":"Zachary Langford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7574-4440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zachary L. Langford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038417949","display_name":"Jitendra Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0159-0546"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jitendra Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0159-0546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053220196","display_name":"Forrest M. Hoffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-4134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Forrest M. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5802-4134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042601693","display_name":"Amy Breen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1109-3906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141472210","display_name":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7nq853","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141472210"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4396570543","display_name":"International Arctic Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/012prxm53","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141472210","https://openalex.org/I4396570543"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy L. Breen","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141472210","https://openalex.org/I4396570543"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047874160","display_name":"Colleen M. Iversen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8293-3450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colleen M. Iversen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078960014"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I75027704"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.6179,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95301185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"69","last_page":"69"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.6761664748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6607930064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic","display_name":"Arctic","score":0.6007832288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.5816644430160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-classification","display_name":"Vegetation classification","score":0.5803225040435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.5442124605178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5326148271560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.5291343927383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic-vegetation","display_name":"Arctic vegetation","score":0.4687381386756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.4557499587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4472372531890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42433881759643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38365256786346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tundra","display_name":"Tundra","score":0.2217903435230255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.22035357356071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.1891690492630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14799895882606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.12703877687454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.07907235622406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07669013738632202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.6761664748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6607930064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518008717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322","display_name":"Arctic","level":2,"score":0.6007832288742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.5816644430160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776054349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18648871","display_name":"Vegetation classification","level":3,"score":0.5803225040435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.5442124605178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5326148271560669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.5291343927383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30878456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4787597","display_name":"Arctic vegetation","level":4,"score":0.4687381386756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.4557499587535858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4472372531890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42433881759643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38365256786346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125069764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43262","display_name":"Tundra","level":3,"score":0.2217903435230255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.22035357356071472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.1891690492630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14799895882606506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12703877687454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07907235622406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07669013738632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11010069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/1/69/pdf?version=1546418166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1489551","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1489551","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1489551","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a12523a44bda470ebdd6dd8c00086698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a12523a44bda470ebdd6dd8c00086698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 1, p 69 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/1/69/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11010069","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11010069","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/1/69/pdf?version=1546418166","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1489425746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1528409558","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1637692498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337509","funder_display_name":"Biological and Environmental Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1645119126","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1719536385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3049477530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3121793570","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337509","funder_display_name":"Biological and Environmental Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4957472368","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":". DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5726405315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","funder_display_name":"Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6129992089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316892","funder_display_name":"UT-Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6864165199","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","funder_display_name":"Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6911681599","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7769062580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316892","funder_display_name":"UT-Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7995982022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8269158468","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8813984943","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316892","funder_display_name":"UT-Battelle"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8906985441","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8943143067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC05-00OR22725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316892","funder_display_name":"UT-Battelle"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","display_name":"Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5tnr73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316892","display_name":"UT-Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/04nza6677"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337509","display_name":"Biological and Environmental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/0114b2m14"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2906947623.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2906947623.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15079738","https://openalex.org/W204960955","https://openalex.org/W1774045126","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1970971564","https://openalex.org/W1977905062","https://openalex.org/W2022034585","https://openalex.org/W2035202279","https://openalex.org/W2038105215","https://openalex.org/W2041073097","https://openalex.org/W2047890294","https://openalex.org/W2068157545","https://openalex.org/W2072732783","https://openalex.org/W2088357746","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2112359348","https://openalex.org/W2117756735","https://openalex.org/W2135933333","https://openalex.org/W2152944668","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2163738881","https://openalex.org/W2201274797","https://openalex.org/W2225262260","https://openalex.org/W2292217972","https://openalex.org/W2412588858","https://openalex.org/W2425845278","https://openalex.org/W2473615220","https://openalex.org/W2519235776","https://openalex.org/W2526920608","https://openalex.org/W2549994478","https://openalex.org/W2551429935","https://openalex.org/W2559556247","https://openalex.org/W2567101557","https://openalex.org/W2583188830","https://openalex.org/W2588232235","https://openalex.org/W2616755213","https://openalex.org/W2620899671","https://openalex.org/W2623518586","https://openalex.org/W2735031630","https://openalex.org/W2753754894","https://openalex.org/W2762523627","https://openalex.org/W2765739551","https://openalex.org/W2767859254","https://openalex.org/W2771633916","https://openalex.org/W2802092202","https://openalex.org/W2803825432","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2952186574","https://openalex.org/W2953384591","https://openalex.org/W2963709863","https://openalex.org/W2964273174","https://openalex.org/W3125782078","https://openalex.org/W6636657728","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6713134421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022304901","https://openalex.org/W2018850895","https://openalex.org/W2988577871","https://openalex.org/W1987483041","https://openalex.org/W2371362014","https://openalex.org/W2225262260","https://openalex.org/W2979634669","https://openalex.org/W2506113817","https://openalex.org/W2082335140","https://openalex.org/W2052420898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Land":[0],"cover":[1,28],"datasets":[2,83,117,150],"are":[3,30],"essential":[4],"for":[5,16,59,66,197],"modeling":[6],"and":[7,13,15,44,81,88,97,159,187],"analysis":[8,200],"of":[9,47,78,185,220],"Arctic":[10,26,70],"ecosystem":[11],"structure":[12],"function":[14],"understanding":[17],"land\u2013atmosphere":[18],"interactions":[19],"at":[20,32,178],"high":[21],"spatial":[22],"resolutions.":[23],"However,":[24],"most":[25,217],"land":[27],"products":[29,191],"generated":[31],"a":[33,93,98,123,134],"coarse":[34],"resolution,":[35],"often":[36],"limited":[37],"due":[38],"to":[39,112,126,129,151,231],"cloud":[40],"cover,":[41],"polar":[42],"darkness,":[43],"poor":[45],"availability":[46],"high-resolution":[48,61,99],"imagery.":[49],"A":[50],"multi-sensor":[51,148],"remote":[52,115],"sensing-based":[53],"deep":[54],"learning":[55],"approach":[56],"was":[57,84,105,110],"developed":[58,111,141,192],"generating":[60],"(5":[62,100],"m)":[63,101],"vegetation":[64,102,137,153,174,190,221,237],"maps":[65],"the":[67,72,130,147,156,160,164,170,183,188,202,207,211,216,224],"western":[68],"Alaskan":[69],"on":[71,206],"Seward":[73],"Peninsula,":[74],"Alaska.":[75],"The":[76],"fusion":[77,149],"hyperspectral,":[79],"multispectral,":[80],"terrain":[82],"performed":[85],"using":[86,146,155],"unsupervised":[87,108,165,212],"supervised":[89],"classification":[90,103,166,213],"techniques":[91],"over":[92],"\u223c343":[94],"km2":[95],"area,":[96],"map":[104,152],"generated.":[106],"An":[107],"technique":[109],"classify":[113],"high-dimensional":[114],"sensing":[116],"into":[118],"cohesive":[119],"clusters.":[120],"We":[121,139],"employed":[122],"quantitative":[124],"method":[125,214],"add":[127],"supervision":[128],"unlabeled":[131],"clusters,":[132],"producing":[133],"fully":[135],"labeled":[136],"map.":[138],"then":[140],"convolutional":[142],"neural":[143],"networks":[144],"(CNNs)":[145],"distributions":[154],"original":[157],"classes":[158,161],"produced":[162,209],"by":[163,210],"method.":[167],"To":[168],"validate":[169],"resulting":[171,189],"CNN":[172,203],"maps,":[173],"observations":[175],"were":[176,193],"collected":[177],"30":[179],"field":[180,236],"plots":[181],"during":[182],"summer":[184],"2016,":[186],"evaluated":[194,234],"against":[195,235],"them":[196],"accuracy.":[198],"Our":[199],"indicates":[201],"models":[204],"based":[205],"labels":[208],"provided":[215],"accurate":[218],"mapping":[219],"types,":[222],"increasing":[223],"validation":[225],"score":[226],"(i.e.,":[227],"precision)":[228],"from":[229],"0.53":[230],"0.83":[232],"when":[233],"observations.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}