{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991186525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1041009","title":"Assessing the Impact of Canopy Structure Simplification in Common Multilayer Models on Irradiance Absorption Estimates of Measured and Virtually Created Fagus sylvatica (L.) Stands","display_name":"Assessing the Impact of Canopy Structure Simplification in Common Multilayer Models on Irradiance Absorption Estimates of Measured and Virtually Created Fagus sylvatica (L.) Stands","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991186525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1041009","mag":"1991186525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1041009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1041009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/4/1009/pdf?version=1403129148","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/4/1009/pdf?version=1403129148","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038404803","display_name":"Dimitrios Biliouris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Biliouris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103550044","display_name":"Dimitry Van der Zande","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitry Van der Zande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014799889","display_name":"Willem W. Verstraeten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willem  W. Verstraeten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015040477","display_name":"Bart Muys","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9421-527X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bart Muys","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 E, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 E, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067935015","display_name":"Pol Coppin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-1480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pol Coppin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, M3-BIORES, Willem de Croylaan 34, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038404803"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.4761,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68682511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"1009","last_page":"1027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11796","display_name":"Horticultural and Viticultural Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irradiance","display_name":"Irradiance","score":0.856384813785553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.638379693031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interception","display_name":"Interception","score":0.6071251034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetically-active-radiation","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","score":0.5651168823242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zenith","display_name":"Zenith","score":0.5524166226387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5217866897583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiance","display_name":"Radiance","score":0.5058881640434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5003812313079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absorptance","display_name":"Absorptance","score":0.41902655363082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.4143363833427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37857285141944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3506973385810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.34535059332847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2502480149269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.19742044806480408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.17493188381195068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.12373995780944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"Reflectivity","score":0.1157938539981842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthesis","display_name":"Photosynthesis","score":0.09685492515563965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46423501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830654","display_name":"Irradiance","level":2,"score":0.856384813785553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.638379693031311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61270487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476843","display_name":"Interception","level":2,"score":0.6071251034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131366478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900892","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","level":3,"score":0.5651168823242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53970728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82806","display_name":"Zenith","level":2,"score":0.5524166226387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5217866897583008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.5058881640434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5003812313079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16635541","display_name":"Absorptance","level":3,"score":0.41902655363082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.4143363833427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37857285141944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3506973385810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.34535059332847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2502480149269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19742044806480408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.17493188381195068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.12373995780944824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108597893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663650","display_name":"Reflectivity","level":2,"score":0.1157938539981842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.09685492515563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1041009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1041009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/4/1009/pdf?version=1403129148","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b323e36240c4112b434439b617e98c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b323e36240c4112b434439b617e98c0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 1, Iss 4, Pp 1009-1027 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1041009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1041009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/4/1009/pdf?version=1403129148","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322308","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1991186525.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1991186525.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W585801114","https://openalex.org/W612156874","https://openalex.org/W879054265","https://openalex.org/W1548802581","https://openalex.org/W1564611446","https://openalex.org/W1970404974","https://openalex.org/W1973950114","https://openalex.org/W1980858449","https://openalex.org/W1982606021","https://openalex.org/W1985366236","https://openalex.org/W1989576819","https://openalex.org/W1996472299","https://openalex.org/W2000690667","https://openalex.org/W2004135299","https://openalex.org/W2017773462","https://openalex.org/W2024363542","https://openalex.org/W2028584895","https://openalex.org/W2038251232","https://openalex.org/W2038982919","https://openalex.org/W2040582256","https://openalex.org/W2043651540","https://openalex.org/W2050844480","https://openalex.org/W2056196343","https://openalex.org/W2058008034","https://openalex.org/W2066713381","https://openalex.org/W2080429805","https://openalex.org/W2088639513","https://openalex.org/W2090958907","https://openalex.org/W2097794994","https://openalex.org/W2100585318","https://openalex.org/W2100943629","https://openalex.org/W2115148212","https://openalex.org/W2122138255","https://openalex.org/W2125491431","https://openalex.org/W2130855572","https://openalex.org/W2142215695","https://openalex.org/W2155271346","https://openalex.org/W2159508745","https://openalex.org/W2168759731","https://openalex.org/W2170813484","https://openalex.org/W2171188099","https://openalex.org/W2178672023","https://openalex.org/W2226648739","https://openalex.org/W2242836357","https://openalex.org/W2323897763","https://openalex.org/W2491899010","https://openalex.org/W3199248078","https://openalex.org/W4244068335","https://openalex.org/W4245559201","https://openalex.org/W4298466131","https://openalex.org/W6684839580","https://openalex.org/W6723190293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2521808102","https://openalex.org/W2766387729","https://openalex.org/W2044980528","https://openalex.org/W3029655483","https://openalex.org/W2072456441","https://openalex.org/W2043342164","https://openalex.org/W2316030658","https://openalex.org/W2131542807","https://openalex.org/W2146206826","https://openalex.org/W2014460334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multilayer":[0],"canopy":[1,292,305,320],"representations":[2,9,33,215],"are":[3],"the":[4,51,110,126,130,137,141,150,156,170,209,213,219,229,237,256,270,277,294,317,356,361,370],"most":[5],"common":[6],"structural":[7],"stand":[8,69,78],"due":[10],"to":[11,23,124,185],"their":[12],"simplicity.":[13],"Implementation":[14],"of":[15,31,34,40,129,143,169,199,221,231,246,272,280,293,310,319],"recent":[16],"advances":[17],"in":[18,57,100,259,269,299,325],"technology":[19],"has":[20],"allowed":[21],"scientists":[22],"simulate":[24,125],"geometrically":[25,75],"explicit":[26,60,76],"forest":[27,341],"canopies.":[28],"The":[29,64,93,115,153,166,239,297],"effect":[30],"simplified":[32],"tree":[35],"architecture":[36,133,291],"(i.e.,":[37],"multilayer":[38,83,139,214,244,251,286,371],"representations)":[39],"four":[41],"Fagus":[42],"sylvatica":[43],"(L.)":[44],"stands,":[45,134],"each":[46,74,223],"with":[47,59,81,109,228],"different":[48],"LAI,":[49],"on":[50,350],"light":[52,144],"absorption":[53],"estimates":[54],"was":[55,71,79,122,146,158,172,216,314],"assessed":[56],"comparison":[58],"3D":[61,77,94,132,210,290],"geometrical":[62],"stands.":[63],"absorbed":[65,257,362],"photosynthetic":[66],"radiation":[67],"at":[68],"level":[70],"calculated.":[72],"Subsequently,":[73],"compared":[80],"three":[82,138],"models":[84],"representing":[85],"horizontal,":[86],"uniform,":[87],"and":[88,163,196,212,233,288,308,348,364],"planophile":[89],"leaf":[90,192,224],"angle":[91],"distributions.":[92],"stands":[95,171,211,342],"were":[96,302],"created":[97],"either":[98],"by":[99,105,148,304],"situ":[101],"measured":[102],"trees":[103,107,358],"or":[104],"modelled":[106],"generated":[108],"AMAP":[111],"plant":[112],"growth":[113],"software.":[114],"Physically":[116],"Based":[117],"Ray":[118],"Tracer":[119],"(PBRT)":[120],"algorithm":[121],"used":[123],"irradiance":[127,154,167,222,258,300,343,363],"absorbance":[128,168,301],"detailed":[131],"while":[135,263],"for":[136,322,345],"representations,":[140],"probability":[142],"interception":[145],"simulated":[147],"applying":[149],"Beer-Lambert\u2019s":[151],"law.":[152],"inside":[155,204,236],"canopies":[157,327,347],"characterized":[159],"as":[160,330],"direct,":[161],"diffuse":[162],"scattered":[164],"irradiance.":[165],"computed":[173],"during":[174],"eight":[175],"angular":[176,197],"sun":[177,187,352],"configurations":[178],"ranging":[179],"from":[180,369],"10\u00b0":[181],"(near":[182],"nadir)":[183],"up":[184],"80\u00b0":[186],"zenith":[188,353],"angles.":[189],"Furthermore,":[190],"a":[191,205,243,247,250,266,273,285,289,331],"stratification":[193,279],"(the":[194],"number":[195],"distribution":[198],"leaves":[200,235,281],"per":[201],"LAI":[202],"layer":[203],"canopy)":[206],"analysis":[207],"between":[208,284],"performed,":[217],"indicating":[218],"amount":[220],"is":[225,328],"absorbing":[226],"along":[227],"percentage":[230],"sunny":[232],"shadow":[234],"canopy.":[238,275],"results":[240,365],"reveal":[241],"that":[242,316],"representation":[245,287],"stand,":[248],"using":[249],"modelling":[252,323],"approach,":[253],"greatly":[254],"overestimated":[255],"an":[260],"open":[261],"canopy,":[262],"it":[264,313],"provided":[265],"better":[267],"approximation":[268],"case":[271],"closed":[274,326],"Moreover,":[276],"actual":[278],"differed":[282],"significantly":[283],"same":[295],"LAI.":[296],"deviations":[298],"caused":[303],"structure,":[306],"clumping":[307],"positioning":[309],"leaves.":[311],"Although":[312],"found":[315],"use":[318],"simplifications":[321],"purposes":[324],"demonstrated":[329],"valid":[332],"option,":[333],"special":[334],"care":[335],"should":[336],"be":[337],"taken":[338],"when":[339],"considering":[340],"simulation":[344],"sparse":[346],"particularly":[349],"higher":[351],"angles":[354],"where":[355],"surrounding":[357],"strongly":[359],"affect":[360],"can":[366],"highly":[367],"deviate":[368],"assumptions.":[372]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}