{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997443969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1030330","title":"Improving the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification of Landsat Data Using Post-Classification Enhancement","display_name":"Improving the Accuracy of Land Use and Land Cover Classification of Landsat Data Using Post-Classification Enhancement","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997443969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1030330","mag":"1997443969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1030330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1030330","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/330/pdf?version=1403129135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/330/pdf?version=1403129135","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036951831","display_name":"Ramita Manandhar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ramita Manandhar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070334463","display_name":"Inakwu Odeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inakwu  O. A. Odeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013051003","display_name":"Tihomir Ancev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-7782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiho Ancev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036951831"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":4.5537,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":461,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94075148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"330","last_page":"344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9715999960899353,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6963688135147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6561788320541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancillary-data","display_name":"Ancillary data","score":0.6269845962524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohens-kappa","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","score":0.5087335705757141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44542282819747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.440005362033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4294053018093109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3745911717414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.30461084842681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2887841463088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1026926338672638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1010676920413971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6963688135147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6561788320541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780408538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3615217","display_name":"Ancillary data","level":2,"score":0.6269845962524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107106","display_name":"Cohen's kappa","level":2,"score":0.5087335705757141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44542282819747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.440005362033844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4294053018093109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3745911717414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.30461084842681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2887841463088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1026926338672638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1010676920413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1030330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1030330","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/330/pdf?version=1403129135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd994f585b4649568b1df0c925810008","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd994f585b4649568b1df0c925810008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp 330-344 (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs1030330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs1030330","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/1/3/330/pdf?version=1403129135","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1997443969.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56001729","https://openalex.org/W159883374","https://openalex.org/W1536340909","https://openalex.org/W1992949796","https://openalex.org/W1997005542","https://openalex.org/W2002078957","https://openalex.org/W2006748908","https://openalex.org/W2036583636","https://openalex.org/W2036632898","https://openalex.org/W2042444893","https://openalex.org/W2058687525","https://openalex.org/W2063580009","https://openalex.org/W2068637630","https://openalex.org/W2071744664","https://openalex.org/W2073755771","https://openalex.org/W2081096371","https://openalex.org/W2087670708","https://openalex.org/W2102938437","https://openalex.org/W2114828048","https://openalex.org/W2123775670","https://openalex.org/W2128802552","https://openalex.org/W2130121312","https://openalex.org/W2138973222","https://openalex.org/W2144994528","https://openalex.org/W2157154835","https://openalex.org/W2164785235","https://openalex.org/W2168481151","https://openalex.org/W2168809519","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602328367","https://openalex.org/W6660884519","https://openalex.org/W6667870648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2442738406","https://openalex.org/W4390240101","https://openalex.org/W4377014260","https://openalex.org/W4245827621","https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2087854757","https://openalex.org/W2188959887","https://openalex.org/W2541496036","https://openalex.org/W2373152553","https://openalex.org/W2043913960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Classifying":[0],"remote":[1,31],"sensing":[2,32],"imageries":[3,54],"to":[4,47,74,117,123,130,141,165,172],"obtain":[5],"reliable":[6,49],"and":[7,11,37,79,83,94,104,128,152],"accurate":[8],"land":[9,12,196],"use":[10,194],"cover":[13],"(LULC)":[14],"information":[15,51],"still":[16],"remains":[17],"a":[18],"challenge":[19],"that":[20],"depends":[21],"on":[22],"many":[23],"factors":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26],"complexity":[27],"of":[28,43,55,60,77,81,183,191,199],"landscape,":[29],"the":[30,56,108,146,184,200],"data":[33,103],"selected,":[34],"image":[35],"processing":[36],"classification":[38,110,181],"methods,":[39],"etc.":[40],"The":[41,65,85,135,156,177],"aim":[42],"this":[44],"paper":[45],"is":[46,187],"extract":[48],"LULC":[50,87,185],"from":[52,114],"Landsat":[53],"Lower":[57],"Hunter":[58],"region":[59],"New":[61],"South":[62],"Wales,":[63],"Australia.":[64],"classical":[66],"maximum":[67],"likelihood":[68],"classifier":[69],"(MLC)":[70],"was":[71,112],"first":[72],"applied":[73],"classify":[75],"Landsat-MSS":[76],"1985":[78,120,147],"Landsat-TM":[80],"1995":[82,126,151],"2005.":[84,155],"major":[86],"identified":[88],"were":[89,143,163],"Woodland,":[90],"Pasture/scrubland,":[91],"Vineyard,":[92],"Built-up":[93],"Water-body.":[95],"By":[96],"applying":[97],"post-classification":[98],"correction":[99],"(PCC)":[100],"using":[101],"ancillary":[102],"knowledge-based":[105],"logic":[106],"rules":[107],"overall":[109,137,178],"accuracy":[111,169,182],"improved":[113,136],"about":[115],"72%":[116],"91%":[118],"for":[119,125,132,145,150,154,195],"map,":[121,148],"76%":[122],"90%":[124],"map":[127],"79%":[129],"87%":[131],"2005":[133],"map.":[134],"Kappa":[138],"statistics":[139],"due":[140],"PCC":[142,157],"0.88":[144],"0.86":[149],"0.83":[153],"maps,":[158],"assessed":[159],"by":[160],"McNemar\u2019s":[161],"test,":[162],"found":[164],"have":[166],"much":[167],"higher":[168],"in":[170,180,189],"comparison":[171],"their":[173,192],"counterpart":[174],"MLC":[175],"maps.":[176],"improvement":[179],"maps":[186],"significant":[188],"terms":[190],"potential":[193],"change":[197],"modelling":[198],"region.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}