{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2903307926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","title":"Urbanization and Spillover Effect for Three Megaregions in China: Evidence from DMSP/OLS Nighttime Lights","display_name":"Urbanization and Spillover Effect for Three Megaregions in China: Evidence from DMSP/OLS Nighttime Lights","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2903307926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","mag":"2903307926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10121888","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/1888/pdf?version=1543316164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/1888/pdf?version=1543316164","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101998376","display_name":"Xiaoxin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-3760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101688479","display_name":"Shan Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4235-1250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shan Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029398106","display_name":"Yanning Guan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanning Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084341930","display_name":"Danlu Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Danlu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350832","display_name":"Chunyan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-8900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088276558","display_name":"Klaus Fraedrich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-0794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163131","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Meteorology","ror":"https://ror.org/05esem239","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210163131"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Fraedrich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, 20146 Hamburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology, 20146 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002450947","display_name":"Han Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3832-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066138238","display_name":"Zhuangzhuang Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuangzhuang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029398106","https://openalex.org/A5084341930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5848,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69702887,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"12","first_page":"1888","last_page":"1888"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"Urbanization","score":0.802657961845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta","display_name":"Delta","score":0.5432991981506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5193958878517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-domestic-product","display_name":"Gross domestic product","score":0.4994800090789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4806481897830963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-development","display_name":"Sustainable development","score":0.47491180896759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spillover-effect","display_name":"Spillover effect","score":0.47048142552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.4661043584346771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.42397570610046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/river-delta","display_name":"River delta","score":0.41521698236465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4024733006954193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3520642817020416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.17331388592720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14791396260261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09325963258743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09045854210853577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07540315389633179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.802657961845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5072461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49506","display_name":"Delta","level":2,"score":0.5432991981506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5193958878517151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114350782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12638","display_name":"Gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.4994800090789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4806481897830963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.47491180896759033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55527203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334194","display_name":"Spillover effect","level":2,"score":0.47048142552375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4661043584346771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.42397570610046387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135114317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43197","display_name":"River delta","level":3,"score":0.41521698236465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4024733006954193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3520642817020416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.17331388592720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14791396260261536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09325963258743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09045854210853577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07540315389633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10121888","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/1888/pdf?version=1543316164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d0a4f786c64e45d88475a2ffc51c56b8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d0a4f786c64e45d88475a2ffc51c56b8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 12, p 1888 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/12/1888/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 12; Pages: 1888","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3017089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0002-B94F-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10121888","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121888","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/1888/pdf?version=1543316164","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1570413171","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41501375","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7174558747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Group","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8674361700","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KLSMTA-201710","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327063","funder_display_name":"National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327063","display_name":"National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04z3map19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903307926.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2903307926.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W978366867","https://openalex.org/W1968470307","https://openalex.org/W1973343762","https://openalex.org/W1977091958","https://openalex.org/W1977368123","https://openalex.org/W1983564473","https://openalex.org/W1986197640","https://openalex.org/W1993529831","https://openalex.org/W2004126227","https://openalex.org/W2010989045","https://openalex.org/W2012214861","https://openalex.org/W2017708700","https://openalex.org/W2023099735","https://openalex.org/W2023970490","https://openalex.org/W2025411670","https://openalex.org/W2053449386","https://openalex.org/W2060041035","https://openalex.org/W2069624290","https://openalex.org/W2070447406","https://openalex.org/W2097467169","https://openalex.org/W2098453963","https://openalex.org/W2105244019","https://openalex.org/W2113136966","https://openalex.org/W2117726177","https://openalex.org/W2122883581","https://openalex.org/W2135803256","https://openalex.org/W2143527828","https://openalex.org/W2143830832","https://openalex.org/W2150024199","https://openalex.org/W2160124416","https://openalex.org/W2165598812","https://openalex.org/W2169214517","https://openalex.org/W2177298592","https://openalex.org/W2226798190","https://openalex.org/W2315875670","https://openalex.org/W2483205780","https://openalex.org/W2494853983","https://openalex.org/W2568625947","https://openalex.org/W2580604851","https://openalex.org/W2592070774","https://openalex.org/W2597281253","https://openalex.org/W2623266883","https://openalex.org/W2725525241","https://openalex.org/W2738463500","https://openalex.org/W2758270590","https://openalex.org/W2765725179","https://openalex.org/W2766171937","https://openalex.org/W2787224732","https://openalex.org/W2793186584","https://openalex.org/W2803051823","https://openalex.org/W2807609896","https://openalex.org/W2884175925","https://openalex.org/W2885696803","https://openalex.org/W3011400958","https://openalex.org/W4251796786","https://openalex.org/W4251799223","https://openalex.org/W6631262633","https://openalex.org/W6675842069","https://openalex.org/W6745573979","https://openalex.org/W6775047284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383611265","https://openalex.org/W2735130551","https://openalex.org/W2977782020","https://openalex.org/W3212371715","https://openalex.org/W2372487319","https://openalex.org/W2064799217","https://openalex.org/W4239373651","https://openalex.org/W2367156160","https://openalex.org/W2550753238","https://openalex.org/W2126588046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urbanization":[0],"drives":[1],"human":[2],"social":[3],"development":[4,86,246,256],"and":[5,9,15,43,60,73,101,106,142,162,176,208,234,241,285,304,319,322],"natural":[6],"environmental":[7],"changes":[8,87,96],"shows":[10,216,275],"complex":[11],"implications":[12],"for":[13,82],"sustainability":[14],"challenges":[16],"of":[17,85,93,107,164,172,232,271,302],"future":[18,194],"development,":[19],"particularly":[20],"in":[21,78,88,155,192,223,314],"emerging":[22],"countries.":[23],"While":[24],"extensive":[25],"studies":[26],"focus":[27],"on":[28,98],"extracting":[29],"urban":[30],"areas":[31,117],"more":[32,254],"precisely,":[33],"less":[34],"attention":[35],"has":[36],"been":[37],"devoted":[38],"to":[39,133,149,206,218,249,297],"understand":[40],"megaregion":[41],"evolution":[42,59,270],"its":[44],"related":[45,62],"socioeconomic":[46,50],"processes,":[47],"not":[48],"by":[49,53,324],"statistics,":[51],"but":[52],"comparing":[54],"remote":[55],"sensing":[56],"based":[57,97],"spatiotemporal":[58],"the":[61,83,108,113,122,134,137,143,150,156,165,173,193,196,209,220,224,258,272,279,311,315],"spillover":[63,110,300],"effect.":[64,111],"Three":[65],"main":[66],"megaregions":[67,178,274],"(with":[68],"large":[69],"area,":[70],"high":[71],"population":[72],"total":[74],"gross":[75],"domestic":[76],"product)":[77],"China":[79],"are":[80,179],"selected":[81],"analysis":[84],"an":[89],"urbanization":[90],"(magnitude,":[91,157],"development)-diagram,":[92],"growth":[94],"pattern":[95],"Gravity":[99],"Center":[100],"weighted":[102],"Standard":[103],"Deviation":[104],"Ellipses":[105],"megaregions\u2019":[109],"Employing":[112],"spatiotemporally":[114],"continuous":[115],"lighted":[116],"(DN":[118],"\u2265":[119],"12)":[120],"from":[121,204,247],"Defense":[123],"Meteorological":[124],"Satellite":[125],"Program/Operational":[126],"Linescan":[127],"System":[128],"(DMSP/OLS)":[129],"nighttime":[130],"signal":[131,313],"(1992\u20132013)":[132],"Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei":[135],"(BTH),":[136],"Yangtze":[138],"River":[139,145],"Delta":[140,146],"(YRD),":[141],"Pearl":[144],"(PRD)":[147],"leads":[148],"following":[151],"results:":[152],"(i)":[153],"Developments":[154],"development)-diagram":[158],"indicate":[159,288],"25.97%,":[160],"45.95%,":[161],"39.10%":[163],"first":[166,187,221],"(high":[167,198],"urbanization,":[168,199,212],"fast":[169,213,245,255],"development)":[170,201,214],"class":[171,188,202,215,222],"BTH,":[174],"YRD,":[175],"PRD":[177,235,286,305],"rapidly":[180],"developing":[181],"into":[182],"highly":[183,237],"urbanized":[184],"regions.":[185],"The":[186,227,267],"may":[189,295],"slow":[190,200],"down":[191],"like":[195],"second":[197],"acting":[203],"1992":[205,240,248],"2013,":[207],"third":[210],"(moderate":[211],"potential":[217],"become":[219],"future.":[225],"(ii)":[226],"original":[228,259],"core":[229,260],"function":[230,261],"zones":[231,262],"YRD":[233,284,303],"have":[236],"developed":[238],"till":[239],"expanding":[242],"out":[243],"with":[244,310],"2013.":[250,282],"Contrarily,":[251],"BTH":[252],"indicates":[253],"toward":[257],"while":[263],"spatial":[264],"expansion.":[265],"(iii)":[266],"gravity":[268],"distance":[269,281],"three":[273],"a":[276,289,298],"tendency":[277],"towards":[278],"geometric":[280],"However,":[283],"(BTH)":[287],"light":[290],"intensity":[291],"expansion":[292],"(concentration).":[293],"This":[294],"relate":[296],"positive":[299,326],"effect":[301],"upon":[306],"their":[307],"neighbor":[308],"cities,":[309],"strongest":[312],"early":[316],"21st":[317],"Century":[318],"thereafter":[320],"adjusting":[321],"followed":[323],"another":[325],"spillover.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2018-12-11T00:00:00"}