{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2892966283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","title":"Machine Learning-Based Slum Mapping in Support of Slum Upgrading Programs: The Case of Bandung City, Indonesia","display_name":"Machine Learning-Based Slum Mapping in Support of Slum Upgrading Programs: The Case of Bandung City, Indonesia","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2892966283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","mag":"2892966283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1522/pdf?version=1538193824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1522/pdf?version=1538193824","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082110609","display_name":"Gina Leonita","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gina Leonita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands","Ministry of Public Works and Housing of Indonesia, Jalan Pattimura No.20, Jakarta Selatan 12110, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Public Works and Housing of Indonesia, Jalan Pattimura No.20, Jakarta Selatan 12110, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059871347","display_name":"Monika Kuffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monika Kuffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035397566","display_name":"Richard Sliuzas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5243-4431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Sliuzas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029035818","display_name":"Claudio Persello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3742-5398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Persello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science &amp; Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7514 AE Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059871347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":6.4811,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":81,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96808935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"1522","last_page":"1522"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9631999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slum","display_name":"Slum","score":0.9144334197044373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6506712436676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6135721802711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5541111826896667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5213433504104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5166392922401428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.14666706323623657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778631157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201759","display_name":"Slum","level":3,"score":0.9144334197044373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6506712436676025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6135721802711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5541111826896667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5213433504104614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5166392922401428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14666706323623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1522/pdf?version=1538193824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/00fe01d3-1d3d-4b8a-a756-c69eefe1493e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/00fe01d3-1d3d-4b8a-a756-c69eefe1493e","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/98952024/remotesensing_10_01522_v2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Leonita, G, Kuffer, M, Sliuzas, R V & Persello, C 2018, 'Machine Learning-Based Slum Mapping in Support of Slum Upgrading Programs: The Case of Bandung City, Indonesia', Remote sensing, vol. 10, no. 10, 1522, pp. 1-26. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a7d0f9d10164a0a81a776b850414792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a7d0f9d10164a0a81a776b850414792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 10, p 1522 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/10/1522/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 10; Pages: 1522","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101522","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101522","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1522/pdf?version=1538193824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2892966283.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2892966283.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178709707","https://openalex.org/W763203301","https://openalex.org/W1873332500","https://openalex.org/W1969636922","https://openalex.org/W1975879252","https://openalex.org/W1998366449","https://openalex.org/W2013752326","https://openalex.org/W2023868423","https://openalex.org/W2029610469","https://openalex.org/W2067654461","https://openalex.org/W2076656703","https://openalex.org/W2080968155","https://openalex.org/W2081615203","https://openalex.org/W2122841949","https://openalex.org/W2131438174","https://openalex.org/W2133462743","https://openalex.org/W2135458935","https://openalex.org/W2148613597","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2166907877","https://openalex.org/W2186294614","https://openalex.org/W2198391305","https://openalex.org/W2289326164","https://openalex.org/W2311217941","https://openalex.org/W2324830265","https://openalex.org/W2338897872","https://openalex.org/W2404611670","https://openalex.org/W2495372915","https://openalex.org/W2534925027","https://openalex.org/W2572466305","https://openalex.org/W2588173298","https://openalex.org/W2588275992","https://openalex.org/W2602168600","https://openalex.org/W2606581522","https://openalex.org/W2612862738","https://openalex.org/W2626498975","https://openalex.org/W2739732179","https://openalex.org/W2757787785","https://openalex.org/W2760593828","https://openalex.org/W2765165894","https://openalex.org/W2765226977","https://openalex.org/W2766673287","https://openalex.org/W2771545453","https://openalex.org/W2785071040","https://openalex.org/W2790886567","https://openalex.org/W2808586699","https://openalex.org/W2888546815","https://openalex.org/W3100561351","https://openalex.org/W3123945902","https://openalex.org/W4206135224","https://openalex.org/W4249247926","https://openalex.org/W6639175750","https://openalex.org/W6669567902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396689146","https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W2004826645","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4394984040","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"survey-based":[1],"slum":[2,41,58,97,103,114,188,194,215],"mapping":[3,23,98,104,189,216],"(SBSM)":[4],"program":[5],"conducted":[6,199],"by":[7,20,160],"the":[8,13,30,33,37,40,56,72,80,102,110,120,139,154,161,175,179,183,251,258],"Indonesian":[9],"government":[10],"to":[11,26,54,146,229,243,249],"reach":[12],"national":[14,57,204],"target":[15],"of":[16,39,74,82,101,125,178,185,193,254,260],"\u201ccities":[17],"without":[18],"slums\u201d":[19],"2019":[21],"shows":[22],"inconsistencies":[24],"due":[25],"several":[27,201],"reasons,":[28],"e.g.,":[29],"dependency":[31],"on":[32,46,257],"surveyor\u2019s":[34],"experiences":[35],"and":[36,92,115,128,168,203,235,248],"complexity":[38,111],"indicators":[42],"set.":[43],"By":[44],"relying":[45],"such":[47],"inconsistent":[48],"maps,":[49],"it":[50],"will":[51],"be":[52],"difficult":[53],"monitor":[55],"upgrading":[59,195],"program\u2019s":[60],"progress.":[61],"Remote":[62],"sensing":[63],"imagery":[64],"combined":[65,137],"with":[66,138,163,200,233,245],"machine":[67,84,90,186,237],"learning":[68,85,238],"algorithms":[69],"could":[70],"support":[71,88,100,192],"reduction":[73],"these":[75],"inconsistencies.":[76],"This":[77],"study":[78,121],"evaluates":[79],"performance":[81],"two":[83],"algorithms,":[86],"i.e.,":[87],"vector":[89],"(SVM)":[91],"random":[93],"forest":[94],"(RF),":[95],"for":[96,150,211,240],"in":[99,106,112,118,191],"campaign":[105],"Bandung,":[107],"Indonesia.":[108],"Recognizing":[109],"differentiating":[113],"formal":[116],"areas":[117],"Indonesia,":[119],"used":[122,145],"a":[123,212,223,263],"combination":[124],"spectral,":[126],"contextual,":[127,166],"morphological":[129],"features.":[130],"In":[131],"addition,":[132],"sequential":[133],"feature":[134],"selection":[135],"(SFS)":[136],"Hilbert\u2013Schmidt":[140],"independence":[141],"criterion":[142],"(HSIC)":[143],"was":[144,158],"select":[147],"significant":[148],"features":[149],"classifying":[151],"slums.":[152],"Overall,":[153],"highest":[155],"accuracy":[156,177],"(88.5%)":[157],"achieved":[159],"SVM":[162],"SFS":[164],"using":[165],"morphological,":[167],"spectral":[169],"features,":[170],"which":[171],"is":[172,227],"higher":[173],"than":[174],"estimated":[176],"SBSM.":[180],"To":[181],"evaluate":[182],"potential":[184],"learning-based":[187],"(MLBSM)":[190],"programs,":[196],"interviews":[197],"were":[198],"local":[202,209],"stakeholders.":[205],"Results":[206],"show":[207],"that":[208],"acceptance":[210],"remote":[213],"sensing-based":[214],"approach":[217],"varies":[218],"among":[219],"stakeholder":[220],"groups.":[221],"Therefore,":[222],"locally":[224],"adapted":[225],"framework":[226],"required":[228],"combine":[230],"ground":[231],"surveys":[232],"robust":[234],"consistent":[236,255],"methods,":[239],"being":[241],"able":[242],"deal":[244],"big":[246],"data,":[247],"allow":[250],"rapid":[252],"extraction":[253],"information":[256],"dynamics":[259],"slums":[261],"at":[262],"large":[264],"scale.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2018-10-05T00:00:00"}
