{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2890145394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","title":"An Effective Data-Driven Method for 3-D Building Roof Reconstruction and Robust Change Detection","display_name":"An Effective Data-Driven Method for 3-D Building Roof Reconstruction and Robust Change Detection","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2890145394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","mag":"2890145394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1512/pdf?version=1537513960","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1512/pdf?version=1537513960","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002372576","display_name":"Mohammad Awrangjeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-4329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Awrangjeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061356872","display_name":"Syed Gilani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3129-3363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ali Naqi Gilani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia","School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103080108","display_name":"F. Siddiqui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3533-0988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fasahat Ullah Siddiqui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia","School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002372576"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.892,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93338193,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"10","first_page":"1512","last_page":"1512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roof","display_name":"Roof","score":0.7746962308883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6761882305145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6190921664237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.6104854345321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-list","display_name":"Adjacency list","score":0.5786823034286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4903126060962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4359920620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjacency-matrix","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","score":0.43473243713378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4188566207885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.33700302243232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3055329918861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2781526446342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19672974944114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.18857327103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.1614813506603241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15420487523078918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.11833807826042175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.7746962308883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6761882305145264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6190921664237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.6104854345321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110484373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264398","display_name":"Adjacency list","level":2,"score":0.5786823034286499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4903126060962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4359920620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180356752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727035","display_name":"Adjacency matrix","level":3,"score":0.43473243713378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4188566207885742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.33700302243232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3055329918861389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2781526446342468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19672974944114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.18857327103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.1614813506603241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15420487523078918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.11833807826042175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1512/pdf?version=1537513960","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b6825a90ca4547118e52c5288d4c9c31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b6825a90ca4547118e52c5288d4c9c31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 10, p 1512 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/10/1512/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/381053","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/381053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10101512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/10/1512/pdf?version=1537513960","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5156776422","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE120101778","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5396079754","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"120101778","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2890145394.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2890145394.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1020965842","https://openalex.org/W1656169455","https://openalex.org/W1828186598","https://openalex.org/W1989553449","https://openalex.org/W1996749420","https://openalex.org/W2002899493","https://openalex.org/W2005237498","https://openalex.org/W2010980358","https://openalex.org/W2026665610","https://openalex.org/W2038771072","https://openalex.org/W2045273912","https://openalex.org/W2053395988","https://openalex.org/W2054091530","https://openalex.org/W2054198697","https://openalex.org/W2063873325","https://openalex.org/W2077128746","https://openalex.org/W2082661999","https://openalex.org/W2088624347","https://openalex.org/W2130666164","https://openalex.org/W2134962551","https://openalex.org/W2144311066","https://openalex.org/W2149665650","https://openalex.org/W2150089019","https://openalex.org/W2169339955","https://openalex.org/W2182826228","https://openalex.org/W2184147624","https://openalex.org/W2299098318","https://openalex.org/W2432338622","https://openalex.org/W2496759915","https://openalex.org/W2519960185","https://openalex.org/W2572207425","https://openalex.org/W2594198114","https://openalex.org/W2602540228","https://openalex.org/W2742692613","https://openalex.org/W2789868482","https://openalex.org/W2801573647","https://openalex.org/W4213138420","https://openalex.org/W4237542573","https://openalex.org/W6626640934","https://openalex.org/W6727029182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4213150077","https://openalex.org/W2369410163","https://openalex.org/W2059018062","https://openalex.org/W2604585036","https://openalex.org/W2078477160","https://openalex.org/W1989103179","https://openalex.org/W1991172810","https://openalex.org/W125803343","https://openalex.org/W2153421018","https://openalex.org/W2117632582"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"(3-D)":[1],"reconstruction":[2,37,99,108,275],"of":[3,21,29,52,149,160,227,266,292,299,308,311],"building":[4,13,70,156,165,177,201,305],"roofs":[5],"can":[6],"be":[7],"an":[8,112,130,300],"essential":[9],"prerequisite":[10],"for":[11,19,27,49,271],"3-D":[12,30,35,106,134,181,240,273],"change":[14,277,282],"detection,":[15],"which":[16],"is":[17,43,209,285],"important":[18],"detection":[20,278,283],"informal":[22],"buildings":[23],"or":[24,84,297],"extensions":[25],"and":[26,88,95,164,205,221,230,238,249,261,269,276,306],"update":[28],"map":[31],"database.":[32],"However,":[33],"automatic":[34],"roof":[36,90,107,122,274],"from":[38,76,303],"the":[39,61,65,73,117,121,133,175,203,217,224,228,309],"remote":[40],"sensing":[41],"data":[42,79,214],"still":[44],"in":[45,59,170,183,202,264],"its":[46],"development":[47],"stage":[48],"a":[50,68,104,212,293,304,312],"number":[51],"reasons.":[53],"For":[54],"instance,":[55],"there":[56],"are":[57,190,233],"difficulties":[58],"determining":[60],"neighbourhood":[62],"relationships":[63,119,195],"among":[64,120],"planes":[66,91,128,145,163,189],"on":[67,254],"complex":[69],"roof,":[71],"locating":[72],"step":[74],"edges":[75],"point":[77],"cloud":[78],"often":[80,96],"requires":[81],"additional":[82],"information":[83],"may":[85],"impose":[86],"constraints,":[87],"missing":[89,127,150],"attract":[92],"human":[93],"interaction":[94],"produces":[97],"high":[98,259],"errors.":[100],"This":[101],"research":[102,169],"introduces":[103],"new":[105,144,294],"technique":[109,284],"that":[110],"constructs":[111],"adjacency":[113],"matrix":[114],"to":[115,146,179,193,236,287,296],"define":[116],"topological":[118],"planes.":[123,140,151,198,251],"It":[124],"identifies":[125],"any":[126],"through":[129,158],"analysis":[131],"using":[132,211],"plane":[135],"intersection":[136],"lines":[137],"between":[138,187,196],"adjacent":[139],"Then,":[141,199],"it":[142,153],"generates":[143],"fill":[147],"gaps":[148],"Finally,":[152,216],"obtains":[154],"complete":[155],"models":[157,178,232],"insertion":[159],"approximate":[161],"wall":[162],"floor.":[166],"The":[167,280],"reported":[168],"this":[171],"paper":[172],"then":[173],"uses":[174],"generated":[176],"detect":[180],"changes":[182,241,289],"buildings.":[184],"Plane":[185],"connections":[186],"neighbouring":[188,197],"first":[191],"defined":[192],"establish":[194],"each":[200],"reference":[204,229],"test":[206,231],"model":[207],"sets":[208],"represented":[210],"graph":[213,225],"structure.":[215],"height":[218,310],"intensity":[219],"images,":[220],"if":[222],"required":[223],"representations,":[226],"directly":[234],"compared":[235],"find":[237],"categorise":[239],"into":[242],"five":[243],"groups:":[244],"new,":[245],"unchanged,":[246],"demolished,":[247],"modified":[248],"partially-modified":[250],"Experimental":[252],"results":[253],"two":[255],"Australian":[256],"datasets":[257],"show":[258],"object-":[260],"pixel-based":[262],"accuracy":[263],"terms":[265],"completeness,":[267],"correctness,":[268],"quality":[270],"both":[272],"techniques.":[279],"proposed":[281],"robust":[286],"various":[288],"including":[290],"addition":[291],"veranda":[295,302],"removal":[298],"existing":[301],"increase":[307],"building.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
