{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889420903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","title":"Hurricane Maria in the U.S. Caribbean: Disturbance Forces, Variation of Effects, and Implications for Future Storms","display_name":"Hurricane Maria in the U.S. Caribbean: Disturbance Forces, Variation of Effects, and Implications for Future Storms","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889420903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","mag":"2889420903"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1386/pdf?version=1536201023","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1386/pdf?version=1536201023","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038178785","display_name":"Ashley E. Van Beusekom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-978X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ashley E. Van Beusekom","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069357542","display_name":"Nora L. \u00c1lvarez-Berr\u00edos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7556-3156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nora L. \u00c1lvarez-Berr\u00edos","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041604789","display_name":"William A. Gould","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-9735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William A. Gould","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073776739","display_name":"Maya Qui\u00f1ones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2659-1470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maya Qui\u00f1ones","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045600214","display_name":"Grizelle Gonz\u00e1lez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-5540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1313416372","display_name":"US Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grizelle Gonz\u00e1lez","raw_affiliation_strings":["USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry, R\u00edo Piedras, PR 00926, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038178785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1313416372"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":17.2706,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9887308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"9","first_page":"1386","last_page":"1386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11483","display_name":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landslide","display_name":"Landslide","score":0.7319426536560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disturbance","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","score":0.6170358657836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6079666614532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storm","display_name":"Storm","score":0.6047659516334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.4788115620613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.42168718576431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.30960869789123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2671580910682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.18786591291427612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.11126428842544556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186295008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Landslide","level":2,"score":0.7319426536560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6170358657836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6079666614532471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.6047659516334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.4788115620613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.42168718576431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.30960869789123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2671580910682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.18786591291427612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.11126428842544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1386/pdf?version=1536201023","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0b6b22d20cd8456090966d690c3ed40f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0b6b22d20cd8456090966d690c3ed40f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 1386 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/9/1386/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 9; Pages: 1386","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1386/pdf?version=1536201023","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4309757336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31841","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4812460439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1331841","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5555731503","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DEB-1239764","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6617671233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EAR-1331841","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7831418738","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1239764","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332782","display_name":"Natural Resources Conservation Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03j7rgg33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337935","display_name":"International Institute of Tropical Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/042re3x97"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2889420903.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2889420903.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W190604309","https://openalex.org/W1981593285","https://openalex.org/W1991850223","https://openalex.org/W1992168857","https://openalex.org/W1998295267","https://openalex.org/W2017527148","https://openalex.org/W2018323521","https://openalex.org/W2022200598","https://openalex.org/W2028918972","https://openalex.org/W2049563067","https://openalex.org/W2063297842","https://openalex.org/W2078719258","https://openalex.org/W2079965317","https://openalex.org/W2084329929","https://openalex.org/W2086424256","https://openalex.org/W2092886504","https://openalex.org/W2094663502","https://openalex.org/W2096868362","https://openalex.org/W2117240603","https://openalex.org/W2119513445","https://openalex.org/W2123162799","https://openalex.org/W2142355173","https://openalex.org/W2142635246","https://openalex.org/W2143924575","https://openalex.org/W2144868554","https://openalex.org/W2148952412","https://openalex.org/W2159081305","https://openalex.org/W2167905626","https://openalex.org/W2174075503","https://openalex.org/W2176478590","https://openalex.org/W2325586889","https://openalex.org/W2408464751","https://openalex.org/W2470999791","https://openalex.org/W2587598231","https://openalex.org/W2611902019","https://openalex.org/W2756320834","https://openalex.org/W2766074424","https://openalex.org/W2768544683","https://openalex.org/W2787677368","https://openalex.org/W2803016332","https://openalex.org/W2804992295","https://openalex.org/W2808588156","https://openalex.org/W2808863816","https://openalex.org/W2966091803","https://openalex.org/W4253775345","https://openalex.org/W6750592209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389676928","https://openalex.org/W3169474304","https://openalex.org/W2369104181","https://openalex.org/W3201652628","https://openalex.org/W4212972401","https://openalex.org/W2389287188","https://openalex.org/W3081499580","https://openalex.org/W2615020820","https://openalex.org/W3106883776","https://openalex.org/W2095969930"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,147,207],"impact":[1],"of":[2,15,22,37,42,60,65,82,93,135,149,156,165,209,216,225,230,238,255,276,282,302,315],"Hurricane":[3,185,189,246],"Maria":[4,186],"on":[5],"the":[6,13,20,66,96,100,105,112,121,125,130,139,160,170,176,179,220,231,265,283,288,313],"U.S.":[7,161,221],"Caribbean":[8,162,222],"was":[9,55,85,90,103,108,116,128,133,143,194],"used":[10],"to":[11,327,331],"study":[12,311],"causes":[14],"remotely-sensed":[16],"spatial":[17],"variation":[18],"in":[19,178,196,242,299],"effects":[21],"(1)":[23],"vegetation":[24,32],"index":[25,33],"loss":[26,98,151],"and":[27,49,88,111,138,158,204,218,228,261,269,324],"(2)":[28],"landslide":[29,122,210,236],"occurrence.":[30],"is":[34],"a":[35,40,91,153,213,235,295],"measure":[36,92,107,132],"canopy":[38,47],"\u2018greenness\u2019,":[39],"combination":[41],"leaf":[43,45],"chlorophyll,":[44],"area,":[46],"cover":[48],"structure.":[50],"A":[51],"generalized":[52],"linear":[53],"model":[54,148,208],"made":[56],"for":[57],"each":[58,79],"kind":[59],"effect,":[61],"using":[62],"idealized":[63],"maps":[64],"hurricane":[67,101,126,317,332],"forces,":[68],"along":[69,187],"with":[70,172,188,198,234,250,321],"three":[71],"landscape":[72,114,141,271,322],"characteristics":[73,84,323],"that":[74],"were":[75,272],"significantly":[76],"associated.":[77],"In":[78],"model,":[80,99,124],"one":[81,241],"these":[83],"forest":[86,118,262,292,329],"fragmentation,":[87],"another":[89],"disturbance-propensity.":[94],"For":[95,120],"greenness":[97,150,168,192],"force":[102,127,318],"wind,":[104],"disturbance-propensity":[106,131],"initial":[109,167,177],"greenness,":[110],"third":[113,140],"characteristic":[115,142],"fraction":[117],"cover.":[119],"occurrence":[123,211],"rain,":[129],"amount":[134],"land":[136],"slope,":[137],"soil":[144],"clay":[145,304],"content.":[146],"had":[152,212,223],"pseudo":[154,214],"R2":[155,215],"0.73":[157],"showed":[159,219,312],"lost":[163,174],"31%":[164],"its":[166,226],"from":[169,175,184,245,252],"hurricane,":[171],"51%":[173],"Luquillo":[180],"Experimental":[181],"Forest":[182],"(LEF)":[183],"Irma.":[190],"More":[191],"disturbance":[193],"seen":[195],"areas":[197,301],"less":[199],"wind":[200,256,308],"sheltering,":[201],"higher":[202],"elevation":[203],"topographic":[205,270],"sides.":[206],"0.53":[217],"34%":[224],"area":[227,233],"52%":[229],"LEF":[232],"density":[237],"at":[239],"least":[240],"1":[243],"km2":[244],"Maria.":[247],"Four":[248],"experiments":[249],"parameters":[251],"previous":[253],"storms":[254],"speed,":[257],"storm":[258,267,284],"duration,":[259],"rainfall,":[260],"structure":[263],"over":[264],"same":[266],"path":[268],"run":[273],"as":[274],"examples":[275],"possible":[277],"future":[278],"scenarios.":[279],"While":[280],"intensity":[281],"makes":[285,294],"by":[286],"far":[287],"largest":[289],"scenario":[290],"difference,":[291],"fragmentation":[293],"sizable":[296],"difference":[297],"especially":[298],"vulnerable":[300],"high":[303,307],"content":[305],"or":[306],"susceptibility.":[309],"This":[310],"utility":[314],"simple":[316],"calculations":[319],"connected":[320],"remote-sensing":[325],"data":[326],"determine":[328],"susceptibility":[330],"effects.":[333]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}