{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888520166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091342","title":"Simulation of Bidirectional Reflectance in Broken Clouds: From Individual Realization to Averaging over an Ensemble of Cloud Fields","display_name":"Simulation of Bidirectional Reflectance in Broken Clouds: From Individual Realization to Averaging over an Ensemble of Cloud Fields","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888520166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091342","mag":"2888520166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1534992080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1534992080","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013106206","display_name":"T. B. Zhuravleva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9065-5072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165542","display_name":"V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics","ror":"https://ror.org/05m2n8847","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210127387","https://openalex.org/I4210165542"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tatiana Zhuravleva","raw_affiliation_strings":["V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 1, Academician Zuev Square, Tomsk 634055, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 1, Academician Zuev Square, Tomsk 634055, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020357281","display_name":"I. M. Nasrtdinov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-0705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165542","display_name":"V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics","ror":"https://ror.org/05m2n8847","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210127387","https://openalex.org/I4210165542"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilmir Nasrtdinov","raw_affiliation_strings":["V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 1, Academician Zuev Square, Tomsk 634055, Russia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 1, Academician Zuev Square, Tomsk 634055, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013106206"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165542"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.5697,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67999208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"9","first_page":"1342","last_page":"1342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11276","display_name":"Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5655714869499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.5395016670227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.49508777260780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.4863582253456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-physics","display_name":"Computational physics","score":0.4693388044834137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.4142841100692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3575986623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3389783501625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15245786309242249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14640352129936218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5655714869499207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.5395016670227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.49508777260780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4863582253456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.4693388044834137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.4142841100692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3575986623764038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3389783501625061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15245786309242249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14640352129936218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1534992080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:126a2782c2304d7594e78bdcff466f76","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/126a2782c2304d7594e78bdcff466f76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 1342 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10091342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10091342","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/9/1342/pdf?version=1534992080","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4011099021","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16-01- 00617-a","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","funder_display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888520166.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888520166.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572065632","https://openalex.org/W1592316977","https://openalex.org/W1597062659","https://openalex.org/W1649460031","https://openalex.org/W1676059324","https://openalex.org/W1847958513","https://openalex.org/W1851820492","https://openalex.org/W1895241052","https://openalex.org/W1967653985","https://openalex.org/W1969245187","https://openalex.org/W1970523719","https://openalex.org/W1976147925","https://openalex.org/W1983144992","https://openalex.org/W1986767077","https://openalex.org/W1991778704","https://openalex.org/W1993408847","https://openalex.org/W1993814425","https://openalex.org/W1999293385","https://openalex.org/W2002764378","https://openalex.org/W2003922990","https://openalex.org/W2004315941","https://openalex.org/W2011338653","https://openalex.org/W2014476121","https://openalex.org/W2017580833","https://openalex.org/W2035445379","https://openalex.org/W2037385148","https://openalex.org/W2048141283","https://openalex.org/W2051170998","https://openalex.org/W2055536001","https://openalex.org/W2059196074","https://openalex.org/W2061243739","https://openalex.org/W2071247699","https://openalex.org/W2079401795","https://openalex.org/W2080062877","https://openalex.org/W2080649592","https://openalex.org/W2081198638","https://openalex.org/W2091397530","https://openalex.org/W2098281798","https://openalex.org/W2109979560","https://openalex.org/W2111634655","https://openalex.org/W2128765794","https://openalex.org/W2144116442","https://openalex.org/W2149700523","https://openalex.org/W2158536070","https://openalex.org/W2163364720","https://openalex.org/W2164456348","https://openalex.org/W2175659128","https://openalex.org/W2328908430","https://openalex.org/W2371069939","https://openalex.org/W2557897788","https://openalex.org/W2591819682","https://openalex.org/W2621368152","https://openalex.org/W2772018309","https://openalex.org/W2790548852","https://openalex.org/W2795695788","https://openalex.org/W6634227201","https://openalex.org/W6665559926"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965407013","https://openalex.org/W4384701489","https://openalex.org/W3191234214","https://openalex.org/W3111235751","https://openalex.org/W1654499644","https://openalex.org/W2044619931","https://openalex.org/W2026320590","https://openalex.org/W2056054288","https://openalex.org/W2592788430","https://openalex.org/W1997966645"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,231],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,22],"describe":[4],"the":[5,9,18,29,38,50,72,89,127,134,136,145,157,197,207,233,237,257],"results":[6,234],"of":[7,20,31,52,56,65,74,80,88,123,129,147,151,161,201,206,228,235,243],"simulating":[8],"bidirectional":[10,259,265],"reflectance":[11,202,260,266],"in":[12,37,133,216,250,267],"three-dimensional":[13],"(3D)":[14],"cloud":[15,68,81,118,132,142,168,189,229,238,271],"fields.":[16,230],"For":[17],"calculations":[19],"reflectance,":[21],"use":[23],"original":[24],"statistical":[25],"algorithms":[26],"that":[27,252],"ensure":[28],"effects":[30],"atmospheric":[32],"sphericity":[33],"and":[34,109,116,120,159,179,194,213],"molecular":[35],"absorption":[36],"solar":[39],"spectral":[40],"range":[41],"are":[42,47,60,185,220],"accounted":[43],"for.":[44],"Cloud":[45],"fields":[46,82,169],"simulated":[48],"on":[49,71,144],"basis":[51],"a":[53,95,102,121,204,217,268],"Poisson":[54],"model":[55],"broken":[57],"clouds;":[58],"clouds":[59],"approximated":[61],"by":[62,141,153,163,188],"truncated":[63],"paraboloids":[64],"rotation.":[66],"The":[67,97],"heterogeneity":[69],"effect":[70],"averaging":[73,87,224],"reflection":[75,137],"functions":[76],"over":[77,225],"an":[78,130,226],"ensemble":[79,227],"is":[83,99,139],"estimated":[84],"using":[85,94],"numerical":[86],"stochastic":[90],"radiative":[91],"transfer":[92],"equation,":[93],"randomization.":[96],"simulation":[98],"performed":[100],"for":[101,253],"mono-directional":[103],"receiver":[104],"with":[105,114],"wavelength":[106],"channels":[107],"0.55":[108],"2.15":[110],"\u00b5m,":[111],"different":[112],"realizations":[113],"small":[115],"moderate":[117],"fractions,":[119],"set":[122],"sun-view":[124],"geometries.":[125],"With":[126],"appearance":[128],"isolated":[131],"sky,":[135],"function":[138,205],"determined":[140,187],"presence/absence":[143],"line":[146],"sight":[148],"(LS),":[149],"shading":[150,178],"LS":[152,162,193],"clouds/non-obscuration":[154],"directed":[155,195],"\u201ctoward":[156,196],"Sun,\u201d":[158],"illumination":[160,255],"cloud-reflected":[164],"radiation.":[165],"Passage":[166],"to":[167,172,241],"gives":[170],"rise":[171],"such":[173],"additional":[174],"factors":[175],"as":[176,203],"mutual":[177],"multiple":[180],"scattering":[181],"between":[182,211],"clouds,":[183],"which":[184],"mainly":[186],"elements":[190],"located":[191],"near":[192],"Sun\u201d.":[198],"Strong":[199],"fluctuations":[200],"relative":[208],"azimuth":[209],"angle":[210],"sun":[212],"view":[214],"directions":[215],"specific":[218,269],"realization":[219],"smoothed":[221],"out":[222],"after":[223],"interpreting":[232],"retrieving":[236],"characteristics":[239],"according":[240],"measurements":[242],"reflected":[244],"radiation,":[245],"it":[246],"should":[247],"be":[248],"kept":[249],"mind":[251],"fixed":[254],"conditions,":[256],"mean":[258],"may":[261],"differ":[262],"several-fold":[263],"from":[264],"3D":[270],"structure.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
