{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2885634264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","title":"Leveraging the Google Earth Engine for Drought Assessment Using Global Soil Moisture Data","display_name":"Leveraging the Google Earth Engine for Drought Assessment Using Global Soil Moisture Data","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2885634264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","mag":"2885634264","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32021700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026601462","display_name":"Nazmus Sazib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1131-1325"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I880747138","display_name":"Science Applications International Corporation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zv91802","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I880747138"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nazmus Sazib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA","Science Application International Corporation (SAIC), Lanham, MD 20706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Application International Corporation (SAIC), Lanham, MD 20706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I880747138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043117903","display_name":"I. E. Mladenova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9306-7690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iliana Mladenova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046850075","display_name":"John Bolten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1101-9845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Bolten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrological Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026601462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I880747138"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":7.65,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":156,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98056096,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"8","first_page":"1265","last_page":"1265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7934762835502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-content","display_name":"Water content","score":0.7636078596115112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.4764036238193512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-assimilation","display_name":"Data assimilation","score":0.4401242733001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.42629989981651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.4124927222728729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.3620406985282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.21180027723312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.1414930522441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.14076164364814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1142435371875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10530778765678406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7934762835502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.7636078596115112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.4764036238193512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.4401242733001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.42629989981651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.4124927222728729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3620406985282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.21180027723312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.1414930522441864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.14076164364814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1142435371875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10530778765678406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32021700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32021700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote sensing","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:46ed2758bdd04690a2ed24f024a959d8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/46ed2758bdd04690a2ed24f024a959d8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 8, p 1265 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/8/1265/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 8; Pages: 1265","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6999701","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6999701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sens (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081265","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612661449","https://openalex.org/W1596439880","https://openalex.org/W1685527236","https://openalex.org/W1709299637","https://openalex.org/W1897589344","https://openalex.org/W1971574578","https://openalex.org/W1972236369","https://openalex.org/W1975999098","https://openalex.org/W1981535710","https://openalex.org/W1982920954","https://openalex.org/W1989834362","https://openalex.org/W1990874001","https://openalex.org/W2009104157","https://openalex.org/W2024304768","https://openalex.org/W2039348932","https://openalex.org/W2048050430","https://openalex.org/W2054536111","https://openalex.org/W2057387551","https://openalex.org/W2065340004","https://openalex.org/W2073626328","https://openalex.org/W2076448255","https://openalex.org/W2094059506","https://openalex.org/W2099154140","https://openalex.org/W2108031818","https://openalex.org/W2109307475","https://openalex.org/W2109395112","https://openalex.org/W2114299967","https://openalex.org/W2117858619","https://openalex.org/W2132375822","https://openalex.org/W2135766677","https://openalex.org/W2145369457","https://openalex.org/W2151593676","https://openalex.org/W2153901968","https://openalex.org/W2154858322","https://openalex.org/W2158803462","https://openalex.org/W2161557312","https://openalex.org/W2168426223","https://openalex.org/W2168890466","https://openalex.org/W2261645655","https://openalex.org/W2290326488","https://openalex.org/W2399809112","https://openalex.org/W2582059183","https://openalex.org/W2587446396","https://openalex.org/W2588540686","https://openalex.org/W2603309785","https://openalex.org/W2608303895","https://openalex.org/W2725897987","https://openalex.org/W2734508657","https://openalex.org/W2790238809","https://openalex.org/W2793581487","https://openalex.org/W2804572307","https://openalex.org/W4241650938","https://openalex.org/W6679714435"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108512031","https://openalex.org/W2063755384","https://openalex.org/W2048409327","https://openalex.org/W2153306223","https://openalex.org/W2997015357","https://openalex.org/W2390117385","https://openalex.org/W2123825282","https://openalex.org/W1977273908","https://openalex.org/W2079990215","https://openalex.org/W2897030841"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0,86,92,209],"moisture":[1,17,38,46,58,75,123,146,169,207,210,227,313,327],"is":[2,32,305],"considered":[3],"a":[4,42,106,126,245,290],"key":[5],"variable":[6],"to":[7,33,51,120,133,149,220,250,263,289,310,317,335],"assess":[8,254],"crop":[9,64],"and":[10,41,63,91,132,142,148,172,184,194,233,252,259,267,275,282,295,315],"drought":[11,23,61,136,140,154,165,178,214,258,264],"conditions.":[12],"However,":[13],"readily":[14],"available":[15,288],"soil":[16,37,45,57,74,122,145,168,206,226,312,326],"datasets":[18],"developed":[19,50],"for":[20,60,163,307],"monitoring":[21,62],"agricultural":[22,164],"conditions":[24],"are":[25,82,118,175],"uncommon.":[26],"The":[27,71,115],"aim":[28],"of":[29,44,55,128,160,223,236,248,257,277,293,303],"this":[30],"work":[31],"examine":[34],"two":[35,72],"global":[36,73,225],"data":[39,59,76,112,228,231,281,314,328],"sets":[40,77],"set":[43],"web-based":[47,116,238],"processing":[48],"tools":[49,117,162,239,284],"demonstrate":[52,157],"the":[53,56,80,100,158,167,187,203,224,234,237,242,255,273,278,296,300,311,330],"value":[54],"forecasting":[65],"using":[66,105,144],"Google":[67],"Earth":[68],"Engine":[69],"(GEE).":[70],"discussed":[78],"in":[79,181,241,319],"paper":[81,243],"generated":[83],"by":[84,285],"integrating":[85],"Moisture":[87,93],"Ocean":[88],"Salinity":[89],"(SMOS)":[90],"Active":[94],"Passive":[95],"(SMAP)":[96],"satellite-derived":[97],"observations":[98],"into":[99,229],"modified":[101],"two-layer":[102],"Palmer":[103],"model":[104],"1-D":[107],"Ensemble":[108],"Kalman":[109],"Filter":[110],"(EnKF)":[111],"assimilation":[113],"approach.":[114],"designed":[119],"explore":[121],"variability":[124],"as":[125,139],"function":[127],"land":[129],"cover":[130],"change":[131],"easily":[134,253],"estimate":[135],"characteristics":[137],"such":[138],"duration":[141,215],"intensity":[143,218],"anomalies,":[147],"inter-compare":[150],"them":[151,287],"against":[152],"alternative":[153],"indicators.":[155],"To":[156],"utility":[159],"these":[161],"monitoring,":[166],"products,":[170],"vegetation-":[171],"precipitation-based":[173],"products":[174],"assessed":[176],"over":[177],"prone":[179],"regions":[180],"South":[182],"Africa":[183],"Ethiopia.":[185],"Overall,":[186],"3-month":[188],"scale":[189],"Standardized":[190],"Precipitation":[191],"Index":[192,197],"(SPI)":[193],"Normalized":[195],"Vegetation":[196],"(NDVI)":[198],"showed":[199],"higher":[200,217],"agreement":[201],"with":[202],"root":[204],"zone":[205],"anomalies.":[208],"anomalies":[211],"exhibited":[212],"lower":[213],"but":[216],"compare":[219],"SPIs.":[221],"Inclusion":[222],"GEE":[230,270,304],"catalog":[232],"development":[235],"described":[240],"enable":[244],"vast":[246],"diversity":[247],"users":[249,318],"quickly":[251],"impact":[256],"improve":[260],"planning":[261],"related":[262,283],"risk":[265],"assessment":[266],"early":[268],"warning.":[269],"also":[271],"improves":[272],"accessibility":[274],"usability":[276],"earth":[279],"observation":[280],"making":[286],"wide":[291],"range":[292],"researchers":[294],"public.":[297],"In":[298],"particular,":[299],"cloud-based":[301],"nature":[302],"useful":[306],"providing":[308],"access":[309],"scripts":[316],"developing":[320],"countries":[321],"that":[322],"lack":[323],"adequate":[324],"observational":[325],"or":[329],"necessary":[331],"computational":[332],"resources":[333],"required":[334],"develop":[336],"them.":[337]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}