{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2885628263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","title":"A Boundary Regulated Network for Accurate Roof Segmentation and Outline Extraction","display_name":"A Boundary Regulated Network for Accurate Roof Segmentation and Outline Extraction","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2885628263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","mag":"2885628263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/8/1195/pdf?version=1532953405","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/8/1195/pdf?version=1532953405","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034236256","display_name":"Guangming Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2358-5262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangming Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101828695","display_name":"Zhiling Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2532-6117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiling Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028577414","display_name":"Xiaodan Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodan Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340206","display_name":"Qi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3622-5909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["CN","JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100540845","display_name":"Yongwei Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongwei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105206953","display_name":"Ryosuke Shibasaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-244X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryosuke Shibasaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050975050","display_name":"Xiaowei Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2603-057X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowei Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8568, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050975050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":7.2279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9749342,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"8","first_page":"1195","last_page":"1195"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jaccard-index","display_name":"Jaccard index","score":0.8296704292297363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7732268571853638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.7515952587127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5573241710662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.48049604892730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.43902429938316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roof","display_name":"Roof","score":0.42723312973976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40396198630332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36760079860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3293240964412689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09063500165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08789601922035217}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203519979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865360","display_name":"Jaccard index","level":3,"score":0.8296704292297363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7732268571853638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.7515952587127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5573241710662842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.48049604892730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.43902429938316345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.42723312973976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40396198630332947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36760079860687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3293240964412689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09063500165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08789601922035217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/8/1195/pdf?version=1532953405","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e1c45d8ca2cf422b97162d77bffe098d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e1c45d8ca2cf422b97162d77bffe098d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 8, p 1195 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/8/1195/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10081195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081195","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/8/1195/pdf?version=1532953405","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2885628263.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2885628263.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59822220","https://openalex.org/W845365781","https://openalex.org/W1529885821","https://openalex.org/W1538131130","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1745334888","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1970800786","https://openalex.org/W2000063966","https://openalex.org/W2000692343","https://openalex.org/W2000803298","https://openalex.org/W2017745767","https://openalex.org/W2027282554","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2068375500","https://openalex.org/W2074772891","https://openalex.org/W2076131212","https://openalex.org/W2102159812","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109197306","https://openalex.org/W2111256709","https://openalex.org/W2115425922","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2132603077","https://openalex.org/W2134905288","https://openalex.org/W2153804780","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2167510172","https://openalex.org/W2205809928","https://openalex.org/W2300635092","https://openalex.org/W2305745203","https://openalex.org/W2480078828","https://openalex.org/W2538244214","https://openalex.org/W2548390752","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2648242067","https://openalex.org/W2733989879","https://openalex.org/W2766673287","https://openalex.org/W2766942241","https://openalex.org/W2790741584","https://openalex.org/W2794187036","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W4250533120","https://openalex.org/W6631687371","https://openalex.org/W6632100814","https://openalex.org/W6682780409","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6730903564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254879869","https://openalex.org/W3022576529","https://openalex.org/W2628526247","https://openalex.org/W2596401011","https://openalex.org/W2913569734","https://openalex.org/W3127229356","https://openalex.org/W2000801317","https://openalex.org/W2294604808","https://openalex.org/W2749089722","https://openalex.org/W2702570413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,91,175],"automatic":[1,60],"extraction":[2],"of":[3,12,24,32,95,127,132],"building":[4,63,114],"outlines":[5,115],"from":[6,122],"aerial":[7,150],"imagery":[8],"for":[9,43,55,110],"the":[10,22,123,128,136,181,187],"purposes":[11],"navigation":[13],"and":[14,62,81,88,103,113,130,156,172,202,213],"urban":[15],"planning":[16],"is":[17,52],"a":[18,71,96,100,104,118],"long-standing":[19],"problem":[20],"in":[21,208],"field":[23],"remote":[25],"sensing.":[26],"Currently,":[27],"most":[28],"methods":[29],"utilize":[30],"variants":[31],"fully":[33],"convolutional":[34],"networks":[35],"(FCNs),":[36],"which":[37,77],"have":[38],"significantly":[39,179],"improved":[40],"model":[41,138],"performance":[42,142],"this":[44,67],"task.":[45],"However,":[46],"pursuing":[47],"more":[48,158],"accurate":[49],"segmentation":[50,87,111,171],"results":[51],"still":[53],"critical":[54],"additional":[56,133],"applications,":[57],"such":[58],"as":[59],"mapping":[61],"change":[64],"detection.":[65],"In":[66],"study,":[68],"we":[69],"propose":[70],"boundary":[72,134],"regulated":[73],"network":[74],"called":[75],"BR-Net,":[76],"utilizes":[78],"both":[79,169],"local":[80],"global":[82],"information,":[83,135],"to":[84,107,144,186],"perform":[85],"roof":[86,170],"outline":[89,173],"extraction.":[90,174],"BR-Net":[92,177,192],"method":[93,165,178],"consists":[94],"shared":[97,124],"backend":[98],"utilizing":[99],"modified":[101],"U-Net":[102,189],"multitask":[105],"framework":[106],"generate":[108],"predictions":[109],"maps":[112],"based":[116],"on":[117,148],"consistent":[119],"feature":[120],"representation":[121],"backend.":[125],"Because":[126],"restriction":[129],"regulation":[131],"proposed":[137,176],"can":[139],"achieve":[140],"superior":[141],"compared":[143],"existing":[145],"methods.":[146],"Experiments":[147],"an":[149],"image":[151],"dataset":[152],"covering":[153],"32":[154],"km2":[155],"containing":[157],"than":[159],"58,000":[160],"buildings":[161],"indicate":[162],"that":[163],"our":[164,191],"performs":[166],"well":[167],"at":[168],"outperforms":[180],"classic":[182],"FCN8s":[183],"model.":[184],"Compared":[185],"state-of-the-art":[188],"model,":[190],"achieves":[193],"6.2%":[194],"(0.869":[195],"vs.":[196,200,205],"0.818),":[197],"10.6%":[198],"(0.772":[199],"0.698),":[201],"8.7%":[203],"(0.840":[204],"0.773)":[206],"improvements":[207],"F1":[209],"score,":[210],"Jaccard":[211],"index,":[212],"kappa":[214],"coefficient,":[215],"respectively.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
