{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2878063004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","title":"Single-Polarized SAR Classification Based on a Multi-Temporal Image Stack","display_name":"Single-Polarized SAR Classification Based on a Multi-Temporal Image Stack","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2878063004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","mag":"2878063004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10071087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008192173","display_name":"Keng-Fan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3786-4534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keng-Fan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065547344","display_name":"Daniele Perissin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4086-8608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Perissin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008192173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.6615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90081535,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"7","first_page":"1087","last_page":"1087"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7812762260437012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7009435892105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6803597211837769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6091114282608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.598577082157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5915418863296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5844599604606628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4925325810909271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4380054473876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4355854392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.415910005569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-observation","display_name":"Earth observation","score":0.4149560332298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3963255286216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.13558241724967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.10165166854858398}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7812762260437012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7009435892105103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6803597211837769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6091114282608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.598577082157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5915418863296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5844599604606628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4925325810909271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4380054473876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4355854392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.415910005569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.4149560332298279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3963255286216736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.13558241724967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.10165166854858398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10071087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:31089d88543a4dc3b4962ad48f252e9f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/31089d88543a4dc3b4962ad48f252e9f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 7, p 1087 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10071087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071087","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514583064","https://openalex.org/W1518174407","https://openalex.org/W1566259432","https://openalex.org/W1987216676","https://openalex.org/W1998598901","https://openalex.org/W2035419249","https://openalex.org/W2044465660","https://openalex.org/W2072026441","https://openalex.org/W2094191279","https://openalex.org/W2098057602","https://openalex.org/W2099166894","https://openalex.org/W2102272668","https://openalex.org/W2112183468","https://openalex.org/W2119858996","https://openalex.org/W2123632763","https://openalex.org/W2135279741","https://openalex.org/W2146618204","https://openalex.org/W2150705511","https://openalex.org/W2159543062","https://openalex.org/W2307094448","https://openalex.org/W2310265268","https://openalex.org/W2516589589","https://openalex.org/W2559324447","https://openalex.org/W2568640289","https://openalex.org/W2597782239","https://openalex.org/W2954952333","https://openalex.org/W4250664506","https://openalex.org/W4300952079","https://openalex.org/W6734778155","https://openalex.org/W6758972637"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W17155033","https://openalex.org/W3207760230","https://openalex.org/W1496222301","https://openalex.org/W1590307681","https://openalex.org/W2536018345","https://openalex.org/W4312814274","https://openalex.org/W4285370786","https://openalex.org/W2296488620","https://openalex.org/W3111202361","https://openalex.org/W3090835540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Land":[0],"cover":[1],"classification":[2],"plays":[3],"a":[4,68,224],"pivotal":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,60,117,125,137],"Earth":[8,44],"resource":[9],"management.":[10],"In":[11,63,193],"the":[12,35,57,110,138,149,154,159,166,182,194,198],"past,":[13],"synthetic":[14],"aperture":[15],"radar":[16],"(SAR)":[17],"had":[18],"been":[19,28],"extensively":[20],"studied":[21],"for":[22,70,79,147,216,227],"classification.":[23],"However,":[24],"limited":[25],"work":[26],"has":[27],"done":[29],"on":[30,201],"multi-temporal":[31,61,139,229],"datasets":[32],"owing":[33],"to":[34,55,109,113,132,164,188],"lack":[36],"of":[37,90,168],"data":[38,111,180],"availability":[39],"and":[40,49,99,120,130,178,205],"computational":[41],"power.":[42],"As":[43],"observation":[45],"(EO)":[46],"becomes":[47,53],"more":[48,50],"imperative,":[51],"it":[52],"essential":[54],"exploit":[56,76],"information":[58,78,134],"embedded":[59,136],"datasets.":[62,140,231],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,75,196],"present":[67],"framework":[69],"SAR":[71],"pixel":[72,80,101],"labeling.":[73,81,102,218],"Specifically,":[74],"spatio-temporal":[77,91,115],"The":[82,219],"proposed":[83,183,199,220],"scheme":[84],"includes":[85],"four":[86],"steps:":[87],"(1)":[88],"extraction":[89],"observations;":[92],"(2)":[93],"feature":[94,97,143,156],"computation;":[95],"(3)":[96],"reduction":[98],"(4)":[100],"First,":[103],"an":[104],"adaptive":[105],"approach":[106],"is":[107,145,162],"applied":[108],"cube":[112],"extract":[114],"observations":[116,177,187],"both":[118],"coherent":[119],"incoherent":[121],"domains.":[122],"Second,":[123],"features":[124,152],"distinct":[126],"domains":[127],"are":[128],"designed":[129],"computed":[131],"boost":[133],"content":[135],"Third,":[141],"sequential":[142],"selection":[144],"utilized":[146],"selecting":[148],"most":[150],"discriminative":[151,160],"among":[153],"entire":[155],"space.":[157],"Last,":[158],"classifier":[161],"used":[163],"label":[165],"class":[167],"each":[169],"pixel.":[170],"By":[171],"integrating":[172],"pixel-/object-based":[173],"processing":[174],"techniques,":[175],"spatial/temporal":[176],"coherent/incoherent":[179],"attributes,":[181],"method":[184,200],"explores":[185],"diverse":[186],"solve":[189],"complex":[190],"labeling":[191],"problems.":[192],"experiments,":[195],"apply":[197],"64":[202],"TanDEM-X":[203],"images":[204],"70":[206],"COSMO-SkyMed":[207],"high-resolution":[208],"images,":[209],"respectively.":[210],"Both":[211],"experiments":[212],"reveal":[213],"high":[214],"accuracies":[215],"multi-class":[217],"technique,":[221],"therefore,":[222],"provides":[223],"new":[225],"solution":[226],"classifying":[228],"single-polarized":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}