{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807872667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","title":"Concentric Circle Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Remote Sensing Scene Classification","display_name":"Concentric Circle Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Remote Sensing Scene Classification","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807872667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","mag":"2807872667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/934/pdf?version=1528880106","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/934/pdf?version=1528880106","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075750152","display_name":"Kunlun Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-3467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunlun Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063647157","display_name":"Qingfeng Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7392-3709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qingfeng Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749334","display_name":"Chao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4057-0337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101805366","display_name":"Feifei Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-1636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025650722","display_name":"Shengyu Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-4536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799997741","display_name":"Changjiang Water Resources Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/0305bn856","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799997741","https://openalex.org/I4210155611"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyu Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil and Water Conservation Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil and Water Conservation Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799997741"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030670883","display_name":"Huayi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-0512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huayi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory for Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing (LIESMARS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063647157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.9655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96412374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"934","last_page":"934"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.7994866371154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7595528364181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6891374588012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentric","display_name":"Concentric","score":0.6791890859603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6509259343147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.583832859992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","score":0.5553984642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.47008466720581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.42510196566581726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.42447513341903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.40016961097717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.33291417360305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2589103579521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1525779366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09714695811271667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.06654790043830872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.7994866371154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7595528364181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6891374588012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90296322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619776","display_name":"Concentric","level":2,"score":0.6791890859603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6509259343147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.583832859992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14166107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253829","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","level":2,"score":0.5553984642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47008466720581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.42510196566581726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.42447513341903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.40016961097717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.33291417360305786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2589103579521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1525779366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09714695811271667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06654790043830872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/934/pdf?version=1528880106","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:50b6ed9f40b74817be43d4cada4b4a3c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/50b6ed9f40b74817be43d4cada4b4a3c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 934 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/6/934/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060934","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/934/pdf?version=1528880106","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3577953667","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41701410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5743451221","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017M622550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2807872667.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2807872667.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W819977924","https://openalex.org/W1496239851","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1507506748","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1912954554","https://openalex.org/W1940891071","https://openalex.org/W1968591910","https://openalex.org/W1980038761","https://openalex.org/W1993307196","https://openalex.org/W2001123951","https://openalex.org/W2002281921","https://openalex.org/W2005368619","https://openalex.org/W2006603039","https://openalex.org/W2016043834","https://openalex.org/W2030079150","https://openalex.org/W2066916495","https://openalex.org/W2067178723","https://openalex.org/W2071238245","https://openalex.org/W2086866337","https://openalex.org/W2088866137","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2098676252","https://openalex.org/W2101051003","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2104978738","https://openalex.org/W2105032938","https://openalex.org/W2106677999","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2109255472","https://openalex.org/W2125574651","https://openalex.org/W2126833203","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2141775747","https://openalex.org/W2147672495","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2155007149","https://openalex.org/W2155541015","https://openalex.org/W2161381512","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2190186811","https://openalex.org/W2222471518","https://openalex.org/W2405321743","https://openalex.org/W2411876745","https://openalex.org/W2469277230","https://openalex.org/W2512351403","https://openalex.org/W2561231611","https://openalex.org/W2592962403","https://openalex.org/W2607013913","https://openalex.org/W2620858446","https://openalex.org/W2753799023","https://openalex.org/W2779335303","https://openalex.org/W2783165089","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2963173190","https://openalex.org/W3103856189","https://openalex.org/W6636494156","https://openalex.org/W6683411478"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032745795","https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W4241659117","https://openalex.org/W2042569643","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W2748667022","https://openalex.org/W3211770882","https://openalex.org/W2010629964","https://openalex.org/W2983135586","https://openalex.org/W2599254681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convolutional":[0],"neural":[1],"networks":[2,49],"(CNNs)":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"increasingly":[6],"used":[7],"in":[8,29,94,134],"remote":[9,33,138,148],"sensing":[10,34,139,149],"scene":[11,35,140,150],"classification/recognition.":[12],"The":[13,63,84],"conventional":[14],"CNNs":[15,106],"are":[16],"sensitive":[17],"to":[18,39,58,89,107],"the":[19,22,30,40,48,60,81,91,112,115,163],"rotation":[20],"of":[21,32,76,114],"image":[23],"scene,":[24],"which":[25,98],"will":[26],"inevitably":[27],"result":[28],"misclassification":[31],"images":[36],"that":[37,153],"belong":[38],"same":[41],"category.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"work,":[45],"we":[46],"equip":[47],"with":[50,119,162],"a":[51,71],"new":[52,64],"pooling":[53],"strategy,":[54],"\u201cconcentric":[55],"circle":[56,92,96],"pooling\u201d,":[57],"alleviate":[59],"above":[61],"problem.":[62],"network":[65,117],"structure,":[66],"called":[67],"CCP-net":[68,123,132,155],"can":[69,156],"generate":[70],"concentric":[72,95],"circle-based":[73],"spatial-rotation-invariant":[74],"representation":[75],"an":[77,125],"image,":[78],"hence":[79],"improving":[80],"classification":[82,141,159],"accuracy.":[83],"square":[85],"kernel":[86],"is":[87,99,124],"adopted":[88],"approximate":[90],"kernels":[93],"pooling,":[97],"much":[100],"more":[101],"efficient":[102],"and":[103],"suitable":[104],"for":[105],"propagate":[108],"gradients.":[109],"We":[110],"implement":[111],"training":[113],"proposed":[116],"structure":[118],"standard":[120],"back-propagation,":[121],"thus":[122],"end-to-end":[126],"trainable":[127],"CNNs.":[128],"With":[129],"these":[130],"advantages,":[131],"should":[133],"general":[135],"improve":[136],"CNN-based":[137],"methods.":[142,165],"Experiments":[143],"using":[144,154],"two":[145],"publicly":[146],"available":[147],"datasets":[151],"demonstrate":[152],"achieve":[157],"competitive":[158],"results":[160],"compared":[161],"state-of-art":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}