{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2805758708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","title":"Using Multiple Monthly Water Balance Models to Evaluate Gridded Precipitation Products over Peninsular Spain","display_name":"Using Multiple Monthly Water Balance Models to Evaluate Gridded Precipitation Products over Peninsular Spain","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2805758708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","mag":"2805758708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/922/pdf?version=1528714431","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/922/pdf?version=1528714431","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028501854","display_name":"Javier Senent\u2010Aparicio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-5811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68763199","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Senent-Aparicio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009763176","display_name":"Adri\u00e1n L\u00f3pez-Ballesteros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6350-5653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68763199","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e1n L\u00f3pez-Ballesteros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054388187","display_name":"Julio P\u00e9rez\u2010S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2615-6076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68763199","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julio P\u00e9rez-S\u00e1nchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068580539","display_name":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Segura-M\u00e9ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4661-0192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68763199","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Jos\u00e9 Segura-M\u00e9ndez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078145931","display_name":"David Pulido\u2010Velazquez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-0769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68763199","display_name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica San Antonio de Murcia","ror":"https://ror.org/05b1rsv17","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801710774","display_name":"Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a","ror":"https://ror.org/04cadha73","country_code":"ES","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I2801710774"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Pulido-Velazquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Granada Unit, Urb. Alc\u00e1zar del Genil, 4, Edificio Zulema, 18006 Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Catholic University of San Antonio, Campus de Los Jer\u00f3nimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), Granada Unit, Urb. Alc\u00e1zar del Genil, 4, Edificio Zulema, 18006 Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801710774"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028501854","https://openalex.org/A5054388187"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68763199"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.7781,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89802726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"922","last_page":"922"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11234","display_name":"Precipitation Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.7608282566070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.731721818447113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.6404032707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-precipitation-estimation","display_name":"Quantitative precipitation estimation","score":0.5635994076728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streamflow","display_name":"Streamflow","score":0.5101842880249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rain-gauge","display_name":"Rain gauge","score":0.43388330936431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.4196700155735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-balance","display_name":"Water balance","score":0.4159952402114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.39501363039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage-basin","display_name":"Drainage basin","score":0.3653135895729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17762354016304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1068510115146637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.09871610999107361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7608282566070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.731721818447113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.6404032707214355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75398719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268938","display_name":"Quantitative precipitation estimation","level":3,"score":0.5635994076728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53739315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29425295","display_name":"Streamflow","level":3,"score":0.5101842880249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120961793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190052","display_name":"Rain gauge","level":3,"score":0.43388330936431885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.4196700155735016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66465714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148989","display_name":"Water balance","level":2,"score":0.4159952402114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.39501363039016724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126645576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166620","display_name":"Drainage basin","level":2,"score":0.3653135895729065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17762354016304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1068510115146637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.09871610999107361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/922/pdf?version=1528714431","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09a7c657499c4c3887ae841d5fa81b53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09a7c657499c4c3887ae841d5fa81b53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 922 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/6/922/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 6; Pages: 922","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060922","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/922/pdf?version=1528714431","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805758708.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2805758708.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551261504","https://openalex.org/W1689565907","https://openalex.org/W1910235482","https://openalex.org/W1963726388","https://openalex.org/W1980490174","https://openalex.org/W1988848014","https://openalex.org/W1989669046","https://openalex.org/W1991104260","https://openalex.org/W1995622703","https://openalex.org/W2008938836","https://openalex.org/W2015050172","https://openalex.org/W2028979033","https://openalex.org/W2033904036","https://openalex.org/W2036083340","https://openalex.org/W2038739815","https://openalex.org/W2043611040","https://openalex.org/W2049717588","https://openalex.org/W2052533285","https://openalex.org/W2055224010","https://openalex.org/W2060172488","https://openalex.org/W2074145107","https://openalex.org/W2085254025","https://openalex.org/W2091764727","https://openalex.org/W2099663213","https://openalex.org/W2104322269","https://openalex.org/W2126626202","https://openalex.org/W2127170577","https://openalex.org/W2140878949","https://openalex.org/W2160804315","https://openalex.org/W2164262340","https://openalex.org/W2170280355","https://openalex.org/W2266491527","https://openalex.org/W2397311736","https://openalex.org/W2470898428","https://openalex.org/W2474695286","https://openalex.org/W2508394613","https://openalex.org/W2531352889","https://openalex.org/W2560992186","https://openalex.org/W2588249204","https://openalex.org/W2594109629","https://openalex.org/W2598303293","https://openalex.org/W2744230732","https://openalex.org/W2757040023","https://openalex.org/W2760268909","https://openalex.org/W2763236132","https://openalex.org/W2771159036","https://openalex.org/W2773928770","https://openalex.org/W2774659703","https://openalex.org/W2789226701","https://openalex.org/W2791633705","https://openalex.org/W2793745286","https://openalex.org/W2793871653","https://openalex.org/W2794359287","https://openalex.org/W2805896182","https://openalex.org/W6777284780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145653316","https://openalex.org/W2187842392","https://openalex.org/W2771890980","https://openalex.org/W2404304135","https://openalex.org/W2370941241","https://openalex.org/W2056439781","https://openalex.org/W2772235312","https://openalex.org/W58316","https://openalex.org/W2132523022","https://openalex.org/W2945987242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62,121,178,201],"availability":[1],"of":[2,12,118,123,143,171,180,227],"precipitation":[3,59,124],"data":[4,229],"is":[5,30,225],"the":[6,10,69,75,88,114,127,136,141,144,149,175,185,189,192,195,217],"key":[7],"driver":[8],"in":[9,33,107,154,207,222],"application":[11],"hydrological":[13],"models":[14,105],"when":[15,173],"simulating":[16,155],"streamflow.":[17],"Ground":[18],"weather":[19],"stations":[20],"are":[21],"regularly":[22],"used":[23,57,203],"to":[24,130,213],"measure":[25],"precipitation.":[26],"However,":[27],"spatial":[28],"coverage":[29],"often":[31],"limited":[32],"low-population":[34],"areas":[35],"and":[36,87,96,163,165],"mountain":[37],"areas.":[38],"To":[39],"overcome":[40],"this":[41],"limitation,":[42],"gridded":[43,97,146],"datasets":[44,60],"from":[45,78,126,135],"remote":[46],"sensing":[47],"have":[48],"been":[49],"widely":[50,56],"used.":[51],"This":[52],"study":[53],"evaluates":[54],"four":[55,108],"global":[58],"(GPDs):":[61],"Tropical":[63],"Rainfall":[64],"Measuring":[65],"Mission":[66],"(TRMM)":[67],"3B43,":[68],"Climate":[70],"Forecast":[71],"System":[72],"Reanalysis":[73],"(CFSR),":[74],"Precipitation":[76,91],"Estimation":[77],"Remotely":[79],"Sensed":[80],"Information":[81],"using":[82,100,174],"Artificial":[83],"Neural":[84],"Networks":[85],"(PERSIANN),":[86],"Multi-Source":[89],"Weighted-Ensemble":[90],"(MSWEP),":[92],"against":[93],"point":[94],"gauge":[95],"dataset":[98],"observations":[99],"multiple":[101],"monthly":[102],"water":[103],"balance":[104],"(MWBMs)":[106],"different":[109],"meso-scale":[110],"basins":[111],"that":[112,188],"cover":[113],"main":[115],"climatic":[116],"zones":[117],"Peninsular":[119],"Spain.":[120],"volumes":[122],"obtained":[125],"GPDs":[128,181],"tend":[129],"be":[131,199,205],"smaller":[132],"than":[133],"those":[134],"gauged":[137],"data.":[138],"Results":[139],"underscore":[140],"superiority":[142],"national":[145],"dataset,":[147],"although":[148],"TRMM":[150],"provides":[151],"satisfactory":[152],"results":[153,197],"streamflow,":[156],"reaching":[157],"similar":[158,210],"Nash-Sutcliffe":[159],"values,":[160],"between":[161],"0.70":[162],"0.95,":[164],"an":[166],"average":[167],"total":[168],"volume":[169],"error":[170],"12%":[172],"GR2M":[176],"model.":[177],"performance":[179],"highly":[182],"depends":[183],"on":[184],"climate,":[186],"so":[187],"more":[190,214],"humid":[191],"watershed":[193],"is,":[194],"better":[196],"can":[198,204],"achieved.":[200],"procedures":[202],"applied":[206],"regions":[208],"with":[209],"case":[211],"studies":[212],"accurately":[215],"assess":[216],"resources":[218],"within":[219],"a":[220],"system":[221],"which":[223],"there":[224],"scarcity":[226],"recorded":[228],"available.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
