{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2804616917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","title":"Evaluation of RGB, Color-Infrared and Multispectral Images Acquired from Unmanned Aerial Systems for the Estimation of Nitrogen Accumulation in Rice","display_name":"Evaluation of RGB, Color-Infrared and Multispectral Images Acquired from Unmanned Aerial Systems for the Estimation of Nitrogen Accumulation in Rice","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2804616917","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","mag":"2804616917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/824/pdf?version=1527238989","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/824/pdf?version=1527238989","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104267311","display_name":"Hengbiao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4778-0450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengbiao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100613252","display_name":"Tao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-0730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-0730","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407436","display_name":"Dong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3897-7322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3897-7322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087629646","display_name":"Xiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-6580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635496","display_name":"Xia Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1093-1736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xia Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100603229","display_name":"Yongchao Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6106-4505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongchao Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017022122","display_name":"Weixing Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2622-7986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixing Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434309","display_name":"Yan Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-2404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119454577","display_name":"Nanjing Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05td3s095","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1884-2404","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100434309"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119454577"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":12.776,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":209,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99229284,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"824","last_page":"824"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7880011796951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.653853178024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.642027735710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalized-difference-vegetation-index","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","score":0.5730847120285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5660255551338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-edge","display_name":"Red edge","score":0.5509362816810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5414029359817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sowing","display_name":"Sowing","score":0.4720360040664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oryza-sativa","display_name":"Oryza sativa","score":0.4279588460922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerial-photography","display_name":"Aerial photography","score":0.4166645407676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-index","display_name":"Vegetation Index","score":0.41603395342826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38973772525787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area-index","display_name":"Leaf area index","score":0.3039645850658417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2561338245868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24254676699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.20698794722557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13123342394828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12409251928329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.12167897820472717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08268886804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.073449045419693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7880011796951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.653853178024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.642027735710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1549246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718775","display_name":"Normalized Difference Vegetation Index","level":3,"score":0.5730847120285034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5660255551338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776388979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3422640","display_name":"Red edge","level":3,"score":0.5509362816810608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5414029359817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.4720360040664673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778543611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161426","display_name":"Oryza sativa","level":3,"score":0.4279588460922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133214962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191839","display_name":"Aerial photography","level":2,"score":0.4166645407676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780376076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1499458","display_name":"Vegetation Index","level":4,"score":0.41603395342826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38973772525787354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.3039645850658417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2561338245868683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24254676699638367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.20698794722557068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13123342394828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12409251928329468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12167897820472717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08268886804580688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.073449045419693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/824/pdf?version=1527238989","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:53725a70ad934a2481c39fc95bc35418","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/53725a70ad934a2481c39fc95bc35418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 10, Iss 6, p 824 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/10/6/824/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 10; Issue 6; Pages: 824","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs10060824","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060824","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/6/824/pdf?version=1527238989","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G158777742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20150663","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G543219523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFD0300601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6686201360","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201303109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335448","funder_display_name":"Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327518","display_name":"Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335448","display_name":"Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804616917.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2804616917.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29560873","https://openalex.org/W1645840676","https://openalex.org/W1871833115","https://openalex.org/W1900944452","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1969234587","https://openalex.org/W1973859767","https://openalex.org/W1983279516","https://openalex.org/W1989078478","https://openalex.org/W1991715710","https://openalex.org/W1991739869","https://openalex.org/W1996005521","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2008669966","https://openalex.org/W2011270889","https://openalex.org/W2014897524","https://openalex.org/W2017859040","https://openalex.org/W2023974265","https://openalex.org/W2024315795","https://openalex.org/W2045297017","https://openalex.org/W2051098045","https://openalex.org/W2052839604","https://openalex.org/W2055186043","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2064636932","https://openalex.org/W2069209512","https://openalex.org/W2070559755","https://openalex.org/W2073956583","https://openalex.org/W2074464158","https://openalex.org/W2075021380","https://openalex.org/W2076510829","https://openalex.org/W2078468126","https://openalex.org/W2081728108","https://openalex.org/W2089441588","https://openalex.org/W2091493105","https://openalex.org/W2097018019","https://openalex.org/W2109862393","https://openalex.org/W2122348296","https://openalex.org/W2123101917","https://openalex.org/W2124740464","https://openalex.org/W2144559754","https://openalex.org/W2149813070","https://openalex.org/W2151650022","https://openalex.org/W2159961845","https://openalex.org/W2161390327","https://openalex.org/W2163410149","https://openalex.org/W2163450852","https://openalex.org/W2166326933","https://openalex.org/W2166516660","https://openalex.org/W2170909719","https://openalex.org/W2185764194","https://openalex.org/W2207083369","https://openalex.org/W2317360817","https://openalex.org/W2389702619","https://openalex.org/W2424454650","https://openalex.org/W2465688497","https://openalex.org/W2471041305","https://openalex.org/W2520082337","https://openalex.org/W2551562355","https://openalex.org/W2565531507","https://openalex.org/W2598497520","https://openalex.org/W2624387057","https://openalex.org/W2646675373","https://openalex.org/W2736116482","https://openalex.org/W2774550616","https://openalex.org/W2789402830","https://openalex.org/W4388474877","https://openalex.org/W6663312365","https://openalex.org/W6666487912"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204926808","https://openalex.org/W4319317911","https://openalex.org/W3207384893","https://openalex.org/W4396668917","https://openalex.org/W3207046288","https://openalex.org/W4372264653","https://openalex.org/W4310842702","https://openalex.org/W4361767145","https://openalex.org/W4285330809","https://openalex.org/W4327662653"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"aerial":[1,101],"system":[2],"(UAS)-based":[3],"remote":[4],"sensing":[5],"is":[6],"one":[7],"promising":[8],"technique":[9],"for":[10,52,205,247,285,297],"precision":[11],"crop":[12,303],"management,":[13],"but":[14],"few":[15],"studies":[16],"have":[17],"reported":[18],"the":[19,53,65,168,191,201,248,252,259,263,268,271,286,298],"applications":[20],"of":[21,55,170,251,288],"such":[22],"systems":[23],"on":[24,302],"nitrogen":[25,177,182],"(N)":[26],"estimation":[27,54,203,233],"with":[28,64,91,235,258],"multiple":[29],"sensors":[30,42,173],"in":[31,78,174,185,276],"rice":[32,72,89,290],"(Oryza":[33],"sativa":[34],"L.).":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"aims":[38],"to":[39,99,109,166],"evaluate":[40,167],"three":[41,92,172],"(RGB,":[43],"color-infrared":[44],"(CIR)":[45],"and":[46,61,80,88,111,128,146,150,162,180,217,254,265],"multispectral":[47],"(MS)":[48],"cameras)":[49],"onboard":[50],"UAS":[51,96],"N":[56,84,304],"status":[57],"at":[58,103,116],"individual":[59],"stages":[60,106],"their":[62],"combination":[63],"field":[66,112],"data":[67],"collected":[68],"from":[69,197,227,241,262,270],"a":[70,117,231],"two-year":[71],"experiment.":[73],"The":[74,187,225],"experiments":[75],"were":[76,114,164],"conducted":[77],"2015":[79],"2016,":[81],"involving":[82],"different":[83],"rates,":[85],"planting":[86],"densities":[87],"cultivars,":[90],"replicates.":[93],"An":[94],"Oktokopter":[95],"was":[97],"used":[98,165],"acquire":[100],"photography":[102],"early":[104],"growth":[105,291],"(from":[107],"tillering":[108,253],"booting)":[110],"samplings":[113],"taken":[115],"near":[118,136],"date.":[119],"Two":[120],"color":[121],"indices":[122,139,155,195,240,261,269],"(normalized":[123],"excess":[124],"green":[125,130],"index":[126,133,144,159],"(NExG),":[127],"normalized":[129,141],"red":[131,152,192],"difference":[132,142],"(NGRDI)),":[134],"two":[135,151],"infrared":[137],"vegetation":[138,143,154,194],"(green":[140],"(GNDVI),":[145],"enhanced":[147],"NDVI":[148],"(ENDVI))":[149],"edge":[153,157,193],"(red":[156],"chlorophyll":[158],"(CIred":[160],"edge),":[161],"DATT)":[163],"capability":[169],"these":[171],"estimating":[175],"leaf":[176],"accumulation":[178,183],"(LNA)":[179],"plant":[181],"(PNA)":[184],"rice.":[186],"results":[188,280],"demonstrated":[189],"that":[190],"derived":[196],"MS":[198,272],"images":[199,229,243,273],"produced":[200],"highest":[202],"accuracy":[204,234],"LNA":[206],"(R2:":[207,219],"0.79\u20130.81,":[208],"root":[209],"mean":[210],"squared":[211],"error":[212],"(RMSE):":[213],"1.43\u20131.45":[214],"g":[215,223],"m\u22122)":[216],"PNA":[218],"0.81\u20130.84,":[220],"RMSE:":[221],"2.27\u20132.38":[222],"m\u22122).":[224],"GNDVI":[226],"CIR":[228,266],"yielded":[230],"moderate":[232],"an":[236],"all-stage":[237],"model.":[238],"Color":[239],"RGB":[242,264],"exhibited":[244],"satisfactory":[245],"performance":[246],"pooled":[249],"dataset":[250],"jointing":[255],"stages.":[256],"Compared":[257],"counterpart":[260],"images,":[267],"performed":[274],"better":[275],"most":[277],"cases.":[278],"These":[279],"may":[281],"set":[282],"strong":[283],"foundations":[284],"development":[287],"UAS-based":[289],"monitoring":[292],"systems,":[293],"providing":[294],"useful":[295],"information":[296],"real-time":[299],"decision":[300],"making":[301],"management.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2018-06-01T00:00:00"}